Search results for " temporal"
showing 10 items of 234 documents
Structural brain correlates of IQ changes in bipolar disorder
2006
Background. There is increasing evidence that cognitive deficits are present in bipolar disorder (BP), but their neural correlates have not been fully explored. The aim of this study is to correlate structural brain abnormalities with cognitive performance in BP and to explore differences between clinical subtypes. Method. Thirty-six BP patients (13 men, 23 women) with a mean age of 39 years (range 21–63 years) underwent neuropsychological testing and imaging. Twenty-five patients had bipolar disorder I (BP I) and 11 had bipolar disorder II (BP II). Patients with co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis, drug and alcohol abuse or systemic illness were excluded. Correlations between cognitive perform…
Diagnostic performance of reformatted isotropic thin-section helical CT images in the detection of superior semicircular canal dehiscence
2017
Purpose The purpose of this article is to assess the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) reformatted images for detection of superior semicircular canal (SSC) dehiscence. Material and methods Forty-two patients, with sound- and/or pressure-induced vestibular symptoms, and 42 control participants underwent helical CT examination with a highly collimated beam (0.5 mm). Reformatted images of the vestibular labyrinth were obtained in the standard axial and coronal planes (group A images), and in a plane parallel and perpendicular to the SSC (group B images). Diagnostic performance obtained by evaluating the group A images alone and the group B images alone was analyzed by using t…
Regular rhythmic primes boost P600 in grammatical error processing in dyslexic adults and matched controls
2020
International audience; Regular musical rhythms orient attention over time and facilitate processing. Previous research has shown that regular rhythmic stimulation benefits subsequent syntax processing in children with dyslexia and specific language impairment. The present EEG study examined the influence of a rhythmic musical prime on the P600 late evoked-potential, associated with grammatical error detection for dyslexic adults and matched controls. Participants listened to regular or irregular rhythmic prime sequences followed by grammatically correct and incorrect sentences. They were required to perform grammaticality judgments for each auditorily presented sentence while EEG was recor…
Neural correlates of disturbed perception of verticality.
2012
Objective: Perception of verticality can be perturbed after cortical stroke. However, a relationship between lesion location and pathologic perception of verticality is still a matter of debate since previous studies revealed contradictory results. Thus, the aim of the current study was to test whether specific cortical lesions were associated with tilts of subjective visual vertical (SVV) and to determine the critical brain areas that cause such tilts in the case of a lesion. Methods: SVV was systematically studied in 54 patients (22 patients with left-sided and 32 patients with right-sided lesions) with acute unilateral strokes, analyzed by modern voxel-wise lesion-behavior mapping techni…
Prefrontal and temporo-parietal involvement in taking others' perspective: TMS evidence.
2008
INTRODUCTION: Understanding the mental states of others entails a number of cognitive processes known as Theory of Mind (ToM). Behavioural and functional neuroimaging evidence suggests that prefrontal and temporo-parietal cortices are involved in these abilities. The present study was aimed at investigating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction in ToM by using a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) paradigm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eleven healthy subjects participated in the study. The experimental ToM procedure was constituted by false belief and faux-pas written stories. Subjects were evaluated in baseline condition (Sham) and after 1Hz …
Different neuronal contribution to N20 somatosensory evoked potential and to CO2 laser evoked potentials: an intracerebral recording study
2004
Abstract Objective : To investigate the possible contribution of the primary somatosensory area (SI) to pain sensation. Methods : Depth recordings of CO 2 laser evoked potentials (LEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were performed in an epileptic patient with a stereotactically implanted electrode (Talairach coordinates y =−23, z =40) that passed about 10 mm below the hand representation in her left SI area, as assessed by the source of the N20 SEP component. Results : The intracerebral electrode was able to record the N20 SEP component after non-painful electrical stimulation of her right median nerve. The N20 potential showed a phase reversal in the bipolar montage (at about …
Ictal functional TCD for the lateralization of the seizure onset zone—a report of two cases
2004
Ictal functional transcranial Doppler sonography (I-fTCD) was used to lateralize the ictal onset zone in the presurgical evaluation of two patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. In one patient, I-fTCD and ictal SPECT were performed simultaneously during EEG-monitoring. In both patients, results were concordant with the ictal SPECT findings, PET and semiology. I-fTCD seems to be an interesting new method to non-invasively lateralize the seizure onset zone with high temporal resolution. I-fTCD and SPECT may give complementary information to lateralize the seizure onset zone.
An increase of hippocampal calretinin-immunoreactive neurons correlates with early febrile seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy
1999
Numerous studies indicate that initial precipi- tating injuries (IPI) such as febrile seizures during early childhood may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and Ammon's horn sclero- sis (AHS). Previous data demonstrate an increase of hori- zontally oriented neurons in molecular layers of hip- pocampal subfields, which are immunoreactive for calre- tinin (CR-ir) and resemble Cajal-Retzius-like cells. Cajal- Retzius cells are transiently expressed in the murine de- veloping hippocampus and are critically involved in neu- ronal pattern formation. Here we investigated a potential relationship between the distribution of horizontally ori- ented calretinin-imm…
Dipole Source Analysis of Laser-Evoked Subdural Potentials Recorded From Parasylvian Cortex in Humans
2003
The location of the human nociceptive area(s) near the Sylvian fissure is still controversial in spite of evidence from imaging and evoked potential studies that noxious heat stimuli activate somatosensory areas in that region. Some studies have suggested the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) on the upper bank of the Sylvian fissure posterior to the central sulcus, others the anterior insula or parietal area 7b. In this study, we applied dipole source analysis techniques to laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) that were recorded from subdural grid electrodes in three patients. As a functional marker, auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) with a generator on the opposite bank of the Sylvian fissur…
The number of anti-seizure medications mediates the relationship between cognitive performance and quality of life in temporal lobe epilepsy
2021
Abstract Objectives To assess whether cognitive performance predicts quality of life (QOL) in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), using the Epitrack cognitive screening tool, while considering the mediating role of the number of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) and controlling for seizure-related, social, and emotional factors. Methods Seventy-five adult patients with drug-resistant TLE (mean age = 39.76 years, SD = 11.66) underwent a presurgical neuropsychological assessment. Main Outcome Measures: Cognitive performance (Epitrack), depression (BDI-II), trait anxiety (STAI); and QOL (QOLIE-31) were assessed. Results Adjusting for seizure-related, social, and emotional …