Search results for " theory."
showing 10 items of 22859 documents
Drivers’ experiences during floods: Investigating the psychological influences underpinning decisions to avoid driving through floodwater
2018
Abstract A major risk factor for many flood-related drownings is driving through floodwater. We aimed to understand Australian drivers’ experiences and beliefs with respect to avoid driving through floodwater using the theory of planned behaviour as a framework. Study 1 (N = 23) used a qualitative design to gain an in-depth understanding of individuals’ experiences with driving through floodwater. Study 2 (N = 157) used a survey-based design to identify the factors related to this behaviour including knowledge, beliefs, and social-cognitive factors. In Study 1, drivers identified a range of advantages (e.g., didn’t damage car), disadvantages (e.g., inconvenient, but not so terrible), barrie…
Quasiparticle properties of nonequilibrium gluon plasma
2018
We apply classical gluodynamics to early stages of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We start by giving a brief overview of QCD. Then we proceed to the space-time evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions in the color glass condensate framework and go through the basics of real-time gluodynamics on the lattice in the temporal gauge. We study the plasmon mass scale in three- and two-dimensional systems by comparing three different methods to measure the mass scale. The methods are a formula which can be derived from Hard Thermal Loop effective theory at leading order (HTL), the effective dispersion relation (DR) and measurement of the plasma oscillation frequency triggered by th…
A Quantitative Analysis of the Thermoelastic Effect in CFRP Composite Materials
2010
In this study the thermoelastic signal from carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates is investigated. A comparison between the theoretical and experimental values of the thermoelastic signal is reported, with the theoretical predictions obtained from two different quantitative models. These models are based on the classic thermoelastic effect law extended to the case of orthotropic materials (by using the mesomechanical or bulk approach), and the modified law assuming that the surface resin-rich layer behaves as a strain witness of the laminate. It is found that the theoretical predictions of the two models can be strongly and differently influenced by the intrinsic orthotropy of ca…
About the problems caused by the Gini and Kakwani index of inequality measurement
1997
On fait le point sur les faiblesses des indices de Gini et de Kakwani lorsque la dominance entre distributions n’est pas garantie : à un même Gini peuvent correspondre plusieurs distributions différentes et à une même valeur du Kakwani peuvent correspondre une infinité de couples d’ indices de Gini. On propose alors d ’approximer la courbe de Lorenz typiquement en deux ou trois parties linéaires, puis de décrire la position de son coude ou de ses deux coudes par deux ou quatre nombres qui suffisent caractériser complètement sa forme et la catégorie à laquelle elle appartient. Une procédure de choix entre distributions est proposée, basée sur une application du maximin : entre deux distribut…
Single chords convey distinct emotional qualities to both naïve and expert listeners.
2014
Previous research on music and emotions has been able to pinpoint many structural features conveying emotions. Empirical research on vertical harmony’s emotional qualities, however, has been rare. The main studies in harmony and emotions usually concern the horizontal aspects of harmony, ignoring emotional qualities of chords as such. An empirical experiment was conducted where participants ( N = 269) evaluated pre-chosen chords on a 9-item scale of given emotional dimensions. 14 different chords (major, minor, diminished, augmented triads and dominant, major and minor seventh chords with inversions) were played with two distinct timbres (piano and strings). The results suggest significant…
A Time-Non-Homogeneous Double-Ended Queue with Failures and Repairs and Its Continuous Approximation
2018
We consider a time-non-homogeneous double-ended queue subject to catastrophes and repairs. The catastrophes occur according to a non-homogeneous Poisson process and lead the system into a state of failure. Instantaneously, the system is put under repair, such that repair time is governed by a time-varying intensity function. We analyze the transient and the asymptotic behavior of the queueing system. Moreover, we derive a heavy-traffic approximation that allows approximating the state of the systems by a time-non-homogeneous Wiener process subject to jumps to a spurious state (due to catastrophes) and random returns to the zero state (due to repairs). Special attention is devoted to the cas…
Fractional viscoelastic transversally isotropic Timoshenko beam
2014
In this paper the viscoelastic behavior of pultruded beams has been examined. Pultruded beams are constituted by a polymer infilled with reinforcement in longitudinal direction, while in the orthogonal direction no fiber are present for technological reasons. As a consequence the material has two different behaviors in longitudinal and in orthogonal directions. It follows that pultruded beams are transversally isotropic, and the shear deformation may not be neglected. Based upon the previous observations and assuming for Creep and/or Relaxation test the power law, the constitutive equations are ruled by fractional operators. From constitutive laws, and assuming the Timoshenko beam theory to…
Single-cell analysis of population context advances RNAi screening at multiple levels
2012
Isogenic cells in culture show strong variability, which arises from dynamic adaptations to the microenvironment of individual cells. Here we study the influence of the cell population context, which determines a single cell's microenvironment, in image‐based RNAi screens. We developed a comprehensive computational approach that employs Bayesian and multivariate methods at the single‐cell level. We applied these methods to 45 RNA interference screens of various sizes, including 7 druggable genome and 2 genome‐wide screens, analysing 17 different mammalian virus infections and four related cell physiological processes. Analysing cell‐based screens at this depth reveals widespread RNAi‐induce…
Sounding Together: Family-Centered Music Therapy as Facilitator for Parental Singing During Skin-to-Skin Contact
2017
Introduction: When it comes to the delicate relationship between a baby and its parents, the voices of the parents have a significant role in communicating love, tenderness, and closeness as well as in supporting self-regulation as necessary for secure attachment. Under suboptimal experiences, such as premature birth, infant-directed singing takes on an even more important and therapeutic role since preterm infants miss the finely attuned auditory stimulation of the womb and the mother-infant dyad is disrupted too early.