Search results for " transparency"

showing 10 items of 67 documents

Modulational instability and generation of self-induced transparency solitons in resonant optical fibers

2009

International audience; We consider continuous-wave propagation through a fiber doped with two-level resonant atoms, which is described by a system of nonlinear Schrodinger-Maxwell-Bloch (NLS-MB) equations. We identify the modulational instability (MI) conditions required for the generation of ultrashort pulses, in cases of both anomalous and normal GVD (group-velocity dispersion). It is shown that the self-induced transparency (SIT) induces non-conventional MI sidebands. The main result is a prediction of the existence of both bright and dark SIT solitons in the anomalous and normal GVD regimes.

Dark solitonOptical fiberNonlinear opticsElectromagnetic wave propagationWave propagationSelf-induced transparency01 natural sciencesDoped materialslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslawVelocity dispersion0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Optical solitonsGroup velocityOptical fibers010306 general physicsSelf-phase modulationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsModulation instabilityTwo level atomPhysicsUltrashort pulsebusiness.industryNonlinear opticsSelf-phase modulationNonlinear equationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryModulational instability[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryGroup velocitySchroedinger equationLinear stabilitybusinessUltrashort pulse
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A weakly-interacting many-body system of Rydberg polaritons based on electromagnetically induced transparency

2020

We proposed utilizing a medium with a high optical depth (OD) and a Rydberg state of low principal quantum number, $n$, to create a weakly-interacting many-body system of Rydberg polaritons, based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We experimentally verified the mean field approach to weakly-interacting Rydberg polaritons, and observed the phase shift and attenuation induced by the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). The DDI-induced phase shift or attenuation can be viewed as a consequence of the elastic or inelastic collisions among the Rydberg polaritons. Using a weakly-interacting system, we further observed that a larger DDI strength caused a width of the mome…

Electromagnetically induced transparencyAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)QC1-999Inelastic collisionGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsAstrophysicsPhysics - Atomic Physicssymbols.namesakePrincipal quantum numberBose-Einstein condensation ; room-temperature ; single photons ; thermalization ; optics ; gasPolaritonPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum informationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherPhysicsQB460-466Rydberg atomRydberg formulasymbolsRydberg stateAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Empirical relationships for monitoring water quality of lakes and reservoirs through multispectral images

2014

Remote sensing techniques can be used to estimate water quality variables such as chlorophyll ${\mbi a}$ , total suspended particles, and water transparency. This paper describes empirical algorithms for the estimation of these variables using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. Ground data were taken from several Spanish lakes covering a variety of trophic statuses, ranging from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic. The studied lakes were the Albufera de Valencia and lakes and ponds of the Southeast Regional Park in Madrid. Empirical equations were obtained to estimate chlorophyll ${\mbi a}$ from the ratio in reflectance values between bands 2 and 4 of TM ( $\bf{ R^2 \, {\mmb =}\, 0.66}$ , ${\bf …

Empirical equationsPhysicsAtmospheric ScienceSuspended particlesAnalytical chemistryComputers in Earth SciencesWater transparencyReflectivityRemote sensingIEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
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Strongly confined atomic localization by Rydberg coherent population trapping

2020

In this letter we investigate the possibility to attain strongly confined atomic localization using interacting Rydberg atoms in a Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) ladder configuration, where a standing-wave (SW) is used as a coupling field in the second leg of the ladder. Depending on the degree of compensation of the Rydberg level energy shift induced by the van der Waals (vdW) interaction, by the coupling field detuning, we distinguish between two antiblockade regimes, i.e. a partial antiblockade (PA) and a full antiblockade (FA). While a periodic pattern of tightly localized regions can be achieved for both regimes, the PA allows much faster converge of spatial confinement yielding a …

Field (physics)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Electromagnetically induced transparencyPopulationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyTrapping01 natural sciencesSpectral linePhysics - Atomic Physics010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOptics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicseducationPhysicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum Physicsbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Rydberg atomRydberg formulasymbolsvan der Waals forceAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologybusinessCondensed Matter - Quantum Gases
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How Pioneering Managers Strive to Integrate Social Risk Management in Government Debt Collection

2019

This study explores risk management issues in local government-owned enterprises in accordance to the third wave of governance, organization and management logics of Public Administration: the Public Value approach. However, the coexistence between the emerging Public Value approach and the more traditional and consolidated ones is often difficult, also because of the resistance of shareholders who may not consider the management of system-level risks as a priority mission for their company. For this reason, we have analysed the strengths and weaknesses of the Traditional Approach and the New Public Management approach in the public sector management. The case study presented reveals some i…

Financeanticorruption risktransparencySocial risk managementbusiness.industryCorporate governancePublic sectorLocal government-owned enterpriseSettore SECS-P/10 - Organizzazione AziendalePublic value approachShareholderSocial risk Anticorruption risk Transparency Public value approach Local government-owned enterpriseLocal government-owned enterprise.Settore SECS-P/07 - Economia AziendaleNew public managementPublic valuebusinessStrengths and weaknessesRisk managementSocial risk
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Sustainable and Conventional Banking in Europe

2020

At the end of the 20th century a new banking model, the so-called ethical banking, emerged becoming the maximum exponent of a socially responsible investment. The financial crisis in 2008 led to a distrust of the conventional financial system and consequently investors began to look with interest this new banking, which only invests in ethical activities and products, with social and environmental criteria, total transparency and a democratic management. The aim of this article is to analyze the economic structure of ethical banking, compared to that of conventional banking, by paying attention to its liquidity, coverage and solvency. Specifically, We compare the financial statements of Tri…

Financial ManagementEconomicsCost-Benefit AnalysisSocial SciencesFinancial systemGeographical Locationstotal transparency and a democratic managementMathematical and Statistical Techniques050207 economicsFinancial Marketsmedia_commonMarketingSolvencyMultidisciplinaryEconomic CompetitionDistrust05 social sciencesStatisticsQRMarket liquidityEuropeBanking PersonalModels EconomicTransparency (graphic)Financial crisisPhysical SciencesMedicineProfitability indexResearch Articlemedia_common.quotation_subjectScienceFinancial ratioResearch and Analysis MethodsSustainability ScienceEconomía0502 economics and businessHumansStatistical MethodsAnalysis of Variancenew banking modelfinancial crisisFinancial marketEcology and Environmental SciencesEconomic Analysisethical bankingPublic FinancePeople and PlacesMoney Supply and BankingBusiness050203 business & managementFinanceMathematics
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Trasparenza del mercato, tutela del consumatore e green washing

2022

Il saggio propone una riflessione sulla politiche di trasparenza del mercato strumentali all’ obiettivo della sostenibilità ambientale. Nella prospettiva del mercato unico sostenibile un ruolo fondamentale viene attribuito ai c.d green claims, laddove alto è il rischio che la sostenibilità divenga per le aziende una semplice strategia di marketing. Il fenomeno, noto come green washing, si pone in una prospettiva peculiare rispetto alla pubblicità ingannevole, pone domande diverse e reclama risposte diverse. Duplice la linea di intervento seguita dal legislatore euro unitario, da una parte la tutela dalle pratiche commerciali scorrette, dall’altra, quella dell’obbligo di conformità al contra…

Green claims green washing consumer protection transparency market right of information.Settore IUS/01 - Diritto Privato
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High-contrast dark resonances on the D1 line in cesium nanocell: the advantages compared with the other alkali D lines

2015

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect in a -system formed by Cs atoms line, enclosed in nanometric-thin cells, is studied both experimentally and theoretically for the first time. T...

High contrastMaterials sciencebusiness.industryElectromagnetically induced transparencyPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementNanocellAlkali metalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterOpticschemistryCaesiumPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsbusinessLine (formation)Journal of Modern Optics
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La selezione dei giudici della Corte di giustizia. Poteri e limiti del comitato ex. art. 255 TFUE

2013

Abstract The appointment of judges to supranational and international courts has long been an unstudied area of sovereign activity. However, the growing role and significance of the European Court of Justice (ECJ), by now one of the most significant players within the European political and constitutional space, demands reforms which also affect its architecture. The creation of the advisory panel under article 255 TFUE, is a way to improve judicial independence and proficiency but also a mean to achieve an adequate level of judicial accountability. Indeed, the existing national nomination processes, missing both transparency and public involvement, risk to shape courts which are far away t…

Key words: European judges selection mechanisms transparency independence accountability.Settore IUS/14 - Diritto Dell'Unione Europea
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Distillation and stripping pilot plants for the JUNO neutrino detector: Design, operations and reliability

2019

Abstract This paper describes the design, construction principles and operations of the distillation and stripping pilot plants tested at the Daya Bay Neutrino Laboratory, with the perspective to adapt these processes, system cleanliness and leak-tightness standards to the final full scale plants to be used for the purification of the liquid scintillator of the JUNO neutrino detector. The main goal of these plants is to remove radio impurities from the liquid scintillator while increasing its optical attenuation length. Purification of liquid scintillator will be performed with a system combining alumina oxide, distillation, water extraction and steam (or N 2 gas) stripping. Such a combined…

Large-scale experimentNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsLiquid scintillatorAttenuation length; LAB; Large-scale experiments; Light yield; Liquid scintillator; Nitrogen purging; Radiopurity; Scintillator transparency; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; Instrumentationscintillation counter: liquidMixing (process engineering)Full scaleFOS: Physical sciencesRadiopurityfabricationScintillator01 natural sciences7. Clean energyStripping (fiber)law.inventionNOlaw0103 physical sciencesthorium: admixtureAttenuation length; LAB; Large-scale experiments; Light yield; Liquid scintillator; Nitrogen purging; Radiopurity; Scintillator transparency[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsProcess engineeringDistillationInstrumentationbackground: radioactivityNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysicsLABJUNOLarge-scale experiments010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryuranium: admixtureSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAttenuation lengthInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Attenuation lengthNitrogen purgingNeutrino detectorScintillator transparencyNeutrinobusinessaluminum: oxygenLight yield
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