Search results for " trees."

showing 10 items of 207 documents

Weighted distance-based trees for ranking data

2017

Within the framework of preference rankings, the interest can lie in finding which predictors and which interactions are able to explain the observed preference structures, because preference decisions will usually depend on the characteristics of both the judges and the objects being judged. This work proposes the use of a univariate decision tree for ranking data based on the weighted distances for complete and incomplete rankings, and considers the area under the ROC curve both for pruning and model assessment. Two real and well-known datasets, the SUSHI preference data and the University ranking data, are used to display the performance of the methodology.

Statistics and ProbabilityDecision tree03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0504 sociology030225 pediatricsPreference dataStatisticsDecision treePruning (decision trees)University ranking dataDistance-based methodMathematicsWeighted distanceApplied Mathematics05 social sciencesUnivariate050401 social sciences methodsSUSHI dataComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPreferenceComputer Science ApplicationsRankingRanking dataKemeny distanceSettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaArea under the roc curve
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Local bandwidth selection for kernel density estimation in a bifurcating Markov chain model

2020

International audience; We propose an adaptive estimator for the stationary distribution of a bifurcating Markov Chain onRd. Bifurcating Markov chains (BMC for short) are a class of stochastic processes indexed by regular binary trees. A kernel estimator is proposed whose bandwidths are selected by a method inspired by the works of Goldenshluger and Lepski [(2011), 'Bandwidth Selection in Kernel Density Estimation: Oracle Inequalities and Adaptive Minimax Optimality',The Annals of Statistics3: 1608-1632). Drawing inspiration from dimension jump methods for model selection, we also provide an algorithm to select the best constant in the penalty. Finally, we investigate the performance of the…

Statistics and ProbabilityKernel density estimationadaptive estimationNonparametric kernel estimation01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST]0502 economics and businessbinary treesApplied mathematicsbifurcating autoregressive processes0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]050205 econometrics MathematicsBinary treeStationary distributionMarkov chainStochastic processModel selection05 social sciencesEstimator[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Adaptive estimatorStatistics Probability and UncertaintyGoldenshluger-Lepski methodology
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Variable Length Memory Chains: Characterization of stationary probability measures

2021

Variable Length Memory Chains (VLMC), which are generalizations of finite order Markov chains, turn out to be an essential tool to modelize random sequences in many domains, as well as an interesting object in contemporary probability theory. The question of the existence of stationary probability measures leads us to introduce a key combinatorial structure for words produced by a VLMC: the Longest Internal Suffix. This notion allows us to state a necessary and sufficient condition for a general VLMC to admit a unique invariant probability measure. This condition turns out to get a much simpler form for a subclass of VLMC: the stable VLMC. This natural subclass, unlike the general case, enj…

Statistics and ProbabilityPure mathematicsLongest Internal SuffixStationary distributionMarkov chain60J05 60C05 60G10Probability (math.PR)010102 general mathematics01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Variable Length Memory Chains010104 statistics & probabilityProbability theoryConvergence of random variablesFOS: MathematicsCountable setState spaceRenewal theory[MATH]Mathematics [math]0101 mathematicsstable context treessemi-Markov chainsMathematics - Probabilitystationary probability measureMathematicsBernoulli
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MODERATE DEVIATION PRINCIPLES FOR BIFURCATING MARKOV CHAINS: CASE OF FUNCTIONS DEPENDENT OF ONE VARIABLE

2021

The main purpose of this article is to establish moderate deviation principles for additive functionals of bifurcating Markov chains. Bifurcating Markov chains are a class of processes which are indexed by a regular binary tree. They can be seen as the models which represent the evolution of a trait along a population where each individual has two offsprings. Unlike the previous results of Bitseki, Djellout \& Guillin (2014), we consider here the case of functions which depend only on one variable. So, mainly inspired by the recent works of Bitseki \& Delmas (2020) about the central limit theorem for general additive functionals of bifurcating Markov chains, we give here a moderate deviatio…

Statistics and Probability[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR][MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]60J80Bifurcating Markov chainsbinary trees[MATH]Mathematics [math]binary trees Mathematics Subject Classification (2020): 60F10deviation inequalitiesMathematics - Probabilitymoderate deviation principles
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Contributed discussion on article by Pratola

2016

The author should be commended for his outstanding contribution to the literature on Bayesian regression tree models. The author introduces three innovative sampling approaches which allow for efficient traversal of the model space. In this response, we add a fourth alternative.

Statistics and Probabilitymodel selectionMarkov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)Bayesian regression treeComputer scienceBig dataBayesian regression tree (BRT) modelsComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTINGbirth–death processMachine learningcomputer.software_genreSequential Monte Carlo methods01 natural sciencespopulation Markov chain Monte Carlo010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakebig data0502 economics and businessBayesian Regression Trees (BART)0101 mathematics050205 econometrics Bayesian treed regressionMultiple Try Metropolis algorithmsINFERÊNCIA ESTATÍSTICAbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsModel selection05 social sciencesRejection samplingData scienceVariable-order Bayesian networkTree (data structure)Tree traversalMarkov chain Monte Carlocontinuous time Markov processsymbolsArtificial intelligencebusinessBayesian linear regressioncommunication-freecomputerGibbs samplingBayesian Analysis
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Diurnal Regulation of Leaf Water Status in High- and Low-Mannitol Olive Cultivars

2014

The role of mannitol and malic acid in the regulation of diurnal leaf water relations was investigated in ‘Biancolilla’ (high-mannitol) and ‘Cerasuola’ (low-mannitol) olive trees. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (T), relative water content (RWC), mannitol and malic acid were measured in ‘Biancolilla’ and ‘Cerasuola’ leaves during a dry and hot day of summer in Sicily. In general, leaves of ‘Biancolilla’ trees exhibited greater mannitol content, higher gs and T, but lower RWC than leaves of ‘Cerasuola’ trees. Differences in gs and T between the two cultivars were evident mainly in mid to late morning. ‘Bia…

Stomatal conductancemalate; polyol; relative water content; stomatal conductance; transpiration; vapor pressure deficitVapour Pressure DeficitPlant ScienceArticletranspirationchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineCultivarWater contentEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTranspirationmalateEcologyrelative water contentvapor pressure deficitBotanyOlive treesSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticulturechemistrystomatal conductanceQK1-989polyolMannitolMalic acidmedicine.drugPlants; Volume 3; Issue 2; Pages: 196-208
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Canopy Architecture Appraisal by Fractal Dimension of 'Flordastar' Peach Trees Grafted onto Different Rootstocks

2007

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour, by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara, Barrier, GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless, dormant peach tree…

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara Barrier GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless dormant peach trees the tree skeleton was manually depicted by an image analysis software to measure total length and angles of insertion of branches. Bitmaps of the skeleton were then subjected to a specific software (FDCALC) able to calculate D by the "box counting" method. To account for the error introduced by analyzing a three dimensional structure with its 2D projection measurements were done on two images per tree taken from two different viewing angles. Results are shown in relation to tree vigour of the scion/stock combination. Fractal dimension was related to the vigour ranking of the graft combinations tested. In particular vigorous scion/stock combinations showed the highest D.HorticultureCanopy architectureHorticultureRootstockFractal dimensionMathematics
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Is rootstock-induced dwarfing in olive an effect of reduced plant hydraulic efficiency?

2006

We investigated the hydraulic architecture of young olive trees either self-rooted or grafted on rootstocks with contrasting size-controlling potential. Clones of Olea europea L. (Olive) cv ''Leccino'' inducing vigorous scion growth (Leccino ''Minerva'', LM) or scion dwarfing (Leccino ''Dwarf'', LD) were studied in different scion/rootstock combinations (LD, LM, LD/LD, LM/LM, LD/LM and LM/LD). Shoots growing on LD root systems developed about 50% less leaf surface area than shoots growing on LM root systems. Root systems accounted for 60-70% of plant hydraulic resistance (R), whereas hydraulic resistance of the graft union was negligible. Hydraulic conductance (K = 1/R) of LD root systems w…

Time FactorsPhysiologyWater potentialPlant ScienceRoot systemBiologyPlant RootsLeccinoOleaTranspirationGraftingTranspiration rateOlea europeaWaterBiological TransportHPFMGraftingbiology.organism_classificationOlive treesDwarfingPlant LeavesSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticultureAgronomyOleaShootRootstockRoot hydraulic
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High-throughput sequencing of RNA silencing-associated small RNAs in olive (Olea europaea L.).

2011

14 páginas, 5 figuras, 3 tablas, S4 figuras, S2 tablas

Time FactorsScienceMolecular Sequence DataSequence DatabasesPlant ScienceBiologyDeep sequencingTranscriptomesRNA interferenceGene Expression Regulation PlantGenome Analysis ToolsOleaGene expressionmicroRNAGenome DatabasesPlant GenomicsGene silencingGene Regulatory NetworksGenome SequencingBiologyConserved SequenceGeneticsPlant Growth and DevelopmentMultidisciplinaryPolymorphism GeneticBase SequenceReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSequence Analysis RNAGene Expression ProfilingQRRNAGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingReproducibility of ResultsGenomicsOlive treesFunctional GenomicsRNA silencingMicroRNAsRNA PlantSmall MoleculesMedicineRNA InterferenceResearch ArticleBiotechnologyDevelopmental BiologyPloS one
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The species Phoenix excelsior Cav., its typification and diversity of complex Ph. dactylifera L. (Arecaceae)

2019

Se analiza y discute la diversidad y nomenclatura dentro del complejo de Phoenix dactylifera valorando la importancia de Phoenix excelsior Cav. para la caracterización del grupo occidental de palmeras datileras cuyo núcleo más definido lo constituye la palmera datilera española. Ante la ausencia de holotipo y de material original de Ph. excelsior se designa un neótipo. The diversity and nomenclature within the Phoenix dactylifera complex is analyzed and discussed, assessing the importance of Phoenix excelsior Cav. for the characterization of the western group of date palms whose most defined core is the Spanish date palm. In the absence of holotype and original material of Ph. excelsior a n…

TipificaciónArecáceasNomenclaturePalm treesBotánicaTypificationUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDANomenclaturaArecaceaePalmeras:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]Phoenix
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