Search results for " vaccines"
showing 10 items of 472 documents
Determinants of influenza vaccination among solid organ transplant recipients attending Sicilian reference center
2016
Among solid organ transplant recipients, influenza infection is commonly associated with higher morbidity and mortality than immunocompetent hosts. Therefore, in these subjects influenza vaccination is of paramount importance. The main objective of the study was to assess compliance to vaccination and analyze factors associated with influenza vaccination of solid organ transplant recipients admitted to the Sicilian solid organ transplant Reference Center IRCCS-ISMETT in Palermo during 2014–2015 influenza season. Thirty one (37.8%) out of 82 solid organ transplant recipients were vaccinated against influenza. The main reason for vaccination refusal was fear of adverse reaction (n = 16, 31.4%…
Vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Italy
2019
Introduction In recent years, a phenomenon known as "vaccine hesitancy" has spread throughout the world, even among health workers, determining a reduction in vaccination coverage (VC). A study aimed at evaluating VC among healthcare workers (HCWs) in 10 Italian cities (L'Aquila, Genoa, Milan, Palermo, Sassari, Catanzaro, Ferrara, Catania, Naples, Messina) was performed. Materials and methods Annex 3 of the Presidential Decree n. 445 of 28 December 2000 was used to collect information on the vaccination status of HCWs. The mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated with regard to the quantitative variable (age), while absolute and relative frequencies were obtained for categorical dat…
Type I interferons as the potential mechanism linking mRNA COVID-19 vaccines to Bell's palsy
2021
Therapies - Sous presse. Epreuves corrigees par l'auteur. Disponible en ligne depuis le mardi 13 avril 2021
Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community.
2012
Please cite this paper as: Castilla et al. (2013) Risk factors and effectiveness of preventive measures against influenza in the community. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(2) 177–183. Background The role of different risk exposures and preventive measures against influenza has not been well established. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors and measures to prevent influenza infection in the community. Methods We conducted a multicenter case–control study. Cases were 481 outpatients aged 18 years or older with laboratory‐confirmed influenza A(H1N1)09 in the 2009–2010 season in Spain. A control was selected for each case from outpatients from the same area …
Regulation of the neutralizing anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) antibody response in vitro in HBs vaccine recipients and patients with acute or chronic…
1996
Abstract Antibodies directed to the HBs antigen indicate viral clearance and the development of life-long immunity in patients that recovered from HBV infection. In HBs antigen vaccine recipients anti-HBs antibodies provide protective immunity. However, little is known about the regulation of this HBs-specific antibody response. The existence of anti-HBs-secreting B cells was demonstrated using the highly sensitive ELISPOT technique compared with conventional ELISA in serum and cell culture supernatants. In the peripheral blood of patients with acute self-limited hepatitis B, HBs-specific B cells were demonstrated with a high frequency despite undetectable anti-HBs serum antibodies. HBV-imm…
Distinct single-component adjuvants steer human DC-mediated T-cell polarization via Toll-like receptor signaling toward a potent antiviral immune res…
2021
Significance Vaccines profit from the addition of adjuvants to better and more specifically initiate, amplify, and shape immune responses. Although the number of adjuvant candidates has steadily increased, peaking in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, little is known about their inherent mode of action. Using human blood immune cells, we established a multilayer method to systematically assess the adjuvants’ effects on innate and adaptive immune cells. By employing a multiplex analysis with cells from 30 different donors, we determined important patterns of adjuvant function. Moreover, we demonstrate correlates of an antiviral immune response using a Toll-like receptor 7/8 ligand adjuvant and…
An assessment of prime‐boost vaccination schedules with AS03A‐adjuvanted prepandemic H5N1 vaccines: a randomized study in European adults
2012
Please cite this paper as: Gillard et al. (2012) An assessment of prime‐boost vaccination schedules with AS03A‐adjuvanted prepandemic H5N1 vaccines: a randomized study in European adults. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2012.00349.x. Background Long‐term persistence of immune response and safety of an H5N1 prepandemic influenza vaccine adjuvanted with AS03 (an α‐tocopherol oil‐in‐water emulsion‐based adjuvant system) was evaluated using various prime‐boost schedules that mimicked potential pandemic scenarios (NCT00430521). Methods Five hundred and twelve healthy adults aged 18–60 years received primary vaccination with one or two doses (0, 21 days schedule…
C4A deficiency and nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccination
2002
Hepatitis B vaccination failure has been linked to the presence of certain human leukocyte antigen class II alleles. However, the functional background of these associations has remained unclear. Complement component C 4 is encoded within the major histocompatibility complex and is essential for classical pathway activation.Healthy individuals (n=4269) were vaccinated in a prospective trial with Engerix B. Nonresponse was classified as anti-HBs10 U/l after the last vaccination. Seventy-three nonresponders (NR) (1.7%) were identified. For comparison 53 responders (R) (anti-HBs10 IU/l) were drawn randomly from the same cohort. C4 allotyping was carried out by high-voltage agarose gel electrop…
Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern elicited by the comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine in nursing home residents.
2022
Immunosenescence may impact the functionality and breadth of vaccine-elicited humoral immune responses. The ability of sera to neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) from Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon variants of concern (VOCs) relative to the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 strain was compared in Comirnaty COVID-19-vaccinated elderly nursing home residents, either SARS-CoV-2 naïve (n = 22) or experienced (n = 8), or SARS-CoV-2 naïve younger individuals (n = 18) and non-vaccinated individuals who recovered from severe COVID-19 (n = 19). In all groups, except that including SARS-CoV-2-experienced nursing home residents, some participants lacked NtAb against one or more VOCs, mainly the Beta vari…
Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 pseudovirus by BNT162b2 vaccine–elicited human sera
2021
Vaccine protects against B1.1.7 variant The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B1.1.7 (VOC 202012/01) variant that emerged in late 2020 in the United Kingdom has many changes in the spike protein gene. Three of these are associated with enhanced infectivity and transmissibility, and there are concerns that B.1.1.7 might compromise the effectiveness of the vaccine. Muik et al. compared the neutralization efficacy of sera from 40 subjects immunized with the BioNTech-Pfizer mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 against a pseudovirus bearing the Wuhan reference strain or the lineage B.1.1.7 spike protein (see the Perspective by Altmann et al.). Serum was derived from 40 subjects in tw…