Search results for "échange"

Regional currencies and regional monetary zones in Latin America : what prospects ?

2009

9 p.; This paper aims at drawing lessons from Keynes's plan presented at the Bretton Woods conference, in order to help improving current regional monetary agreements in Latin America. Some promoters of the Bank of the South and the New Financial Architecture in Latin America are proposing to implement a regional clearing system designed to allow a multilateral offsetting of the liabilities and assets generated in the reciprocal transactions of member countries in words that the British economist certainly would not have denied. This system would be very different from current regional payments aggreements that maintain an implicit reference to the US dollar as reserve or payment currency.

Regional currencies and regional monetary zones in Latin America : whats prospects ?

2010

International audience; Reducing transaction costs and the need for international reserves is a primary objective to the establishment of regional payment agreements. Another objective, especially in the case of Latin America where the Ecuadorian promoters of the Bank of the South (Banco del Sur) and the New Regional Financial Architecture are planning the implementation of a regional clearing system, is to reduce member countries' dependence on the U.S. dollar as an international standard and reserve currency. To help improve the design of such agreements, this paper refers to the plan Keynes designed for the Bretton Woods conference. First, it observes that cases were made against this pl…

Interactions and exanges durant the protohistory

2019

La spécialisation des productions et les spécialistes: Une introduction

2018

With the emergence of manufacturing based economies, specialised productions take on new dimensions during the Neolithic. Production networks progressively develop during the Neolithic and the Metal Ages and can be characterised according to their scale, how they are organised, the status of producers and the intensification of the trade of manufactured goods. This results on the one hand in mass production and on the other in the creation of highly technical objects on demand within a complex economic system of consumption and exchange. This is not seen as a linear progression but as a diversification of productions, products and know-how, the chronological and social contextualisation of …

La spécialisation des productions et les spécialistes : Session XXXIV-2 du XVIIIe congrès de l'UISPP

2020

With the emergence of manufacturing based economies, specialised productions take on new dimensions during the Neolithic. Production networks progressively develop during the Neolithic and the Metal Ages and can be characterised according to their scale, how they are organised, the status of producers and the intensification of the trade of manufactured goods. This results on the one hand in mass production and on the other in the creation of highly technical objects on demand within a complex economic system of consumption and exchange. This is not seen as a linear progression but as a diversification of productions, products and know-how, the chronological and social contextualisation of …

Les limites de la théorie du salaire d'efficience

1998

Efficiency wage theory, evolved by the "new keynesians", is part of a research programme concerned with explaining "involuntary" unemployment as part of the "general equilibrium". So, these works are a synthesis attempt of neo-classical and keynesian analyses in the employment area. Indeed, the authors place their analysis in a walrasian framework, but they integrate a keynesian concept to complete their models. In order to achieve their purpose, the efficiency wage theorists formulate two propositions on which their argument is based: 1° the relation supposed rising between the rate of wage and the productivity of wage earners, 2° the determination of the rate of wage outside the market. W…