Search results for "030216 legal & forensic medicine"
showing 10 items of 85 documents
The effectiveness of the RSID confirmatory test kit for human alpha amylase: the effects of environmental factors and substrate materials
2016
The investment in time and money that DNA analyses involves, provides a justification for forensic laboratories to carry out prior tests to ensure the presence of biological fluid in samples. The RSID kit has already been evaluated for forensic use, but its effectiveness on forensic casework samples is almost impossible to predict. Moreover, forensic reports presented before a court of law must justify the methods used to generate their findings. Consequently, trials to know how factors – such as the characteristics of the donor, the substrate and environmental conditions – can affect the kit’s efficacy are essential. This study evaluates some of these factors. For this aim, samples were ma…
Quando bisogna discostarsi dalle linee guida? I casi problematici nella prassi odontoiatrica
2018
Obiettivi Delineare vantaggi e limiti delle linee guida e dei riferimenti alle buone pratiche nella valutazione della condotta professionale dell’odontoiatra. Definire tipologie di pazienti e contesti operativi nei quali esse non risultano applicabili. Quest’obiettivo è coerente con i recenti sviluppi giurisprudenziali della Corte di Cassazione a Sezioni Unite del dicembre 2017 in tema di colpa e responsabilità dei sanitari. Materiali e metodi Si analizzano i riferimenti contenuti nella Legge 24/2017; quindi, in riferimento alla metodologia della responsabilità medico/odontoiatrica, si individuano i contesti della pratica clinica nei quali è più opportuno cercare di sviluppare buone pratich…
Eagle syndrome compared with stylohyoid syndrome: complete ossification of the stylohyoid ligament and joint
2017
A 65-year-old man presented with a history of type 2 diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver. He had had no injuries to, or operations on his neck, but had had right submandibular and retroauricular pain for years. Computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction (Figs. 1 and 2) showed elongation of both styloid processes associated with pseudoarticulation of the hyoid bone on the right side. This confirmed the complete ossification of the stylohyoid ligament, but the patient did not want an operation to resolve it. Sin financiación 1.260 JCR (2017) Q3, 65/91 Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine, 138/200 Surgery UEV
Analysis of Contact Traces of Cannabis by In-Tube Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Nanoliquid Chromatography
2018
Because of its inherent qualities, in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) coupled on-line to nanoliquid chromatography (nanoLC) can be a very powerful tool to address the new challenges of analytical laboratories such as the analysis of traces of complex samples. This is the case of the detection of contact traces of drugs, especially cannabis. The main difficulties encountered in the analysis of traces of cannabis plants on surfaces are the low amount of sample available (typically <
Temporal fatty acid profiles of human decomposition fluid in soil
2017
Abstract We studied the changes in concentration and relative abundance of human-derived fatty acids (FAs) in soil over a period of one year. The study is based on analysis of soil underneath a human body that lay on the soil surface for 18 days before it was discovered. Soil samples were taken when the body was removed, and also 358 days later. Large amounts of the total FA concentration at the start of the measurement period were still present one year after the removal of the body. The FA profile suggested that extensive saturated FA reduction occurred during the first 18 days after deposition. 10-Hydroxystearic acid and FA salts, which are characteristic of adipocere, were abundant in a…
Forensic tools for the diagnosis of electrocution death: Case study and literature review
2018
Diagnosis of death by electrocution may be difficult when electric marking is not visible or unclear. Accordingly, the body of a man who appeared to have died from accidental electrocution was carefully forensically analysed. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the current mark was carried out using a variable-pressure scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray microanalyser to highlight skin metallisation, indicating the presence of iron and zinc. The histological findings of electrocution myocardial damage were supported by the results of biochemical analysis which demonstrated the creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin I elevation. The effects of electric cu…
Linee guida in ortodonzia e attuale valutazione dei profili di responsabilitÃ
2016
Alla luce della nuova legge entrata in vigore in Italia, si discute il valore protettivo delle linee guida in ortodonzia sotto il profilo medico-legale. OBJECTIVES. In view of the Italian law recently come into force, this study aims at discussing the protective value of orthodontic guidelines in terms of legal medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A review of orthodontic guidelines was conducted, including general orthodontic guidelines as well as specific guidelines for clinical and surgical cases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS. Orthodontic practices envisaging professional liability include diagnosis, prevention, interception, care planning and treatment of all types of malocclusion (even when asso…
Self-inflicted long bone fractures for insurance fraud.
2018
Self-inflicted fractures simulating traffic accident represent a new social fraud opportunity for criminality. Recognising scams through an increase of awareness of existence of self-inflicted arm fractures for insurance fraud could help community health workers to report these injuries to the competent authorities. In this article, authors have recognised an unusual but consistent pattern of upper and lower limb fractures whose incidence does not coincide in numerical terms with what is reported in literature. The aim of the present study is to describe fracture patterns observed over the past 2 years. Further, authors describe clinical presentations of these fractures and attempt to defin…
Fire in operating room: The adverse "never" event. Case report, mini-review and medico-legal considerations.
2020
Abstract The patient’s security and safety represent a topic of great importance for public health that led several healthcare organizations in many Countries to share documents to promote risk management and preventing adverse events. Surgical Fire (SF) is an infrequent adverse event generally occurring in the operating room (OR) and consisting of a fire that occurs in, on, or around a patient undergoing a medical or surgical procedure. Here a medico-legal case involving a 65-year-old woman reporting burns to the neck due to an SF during a thyroidectomy was described. A literature review was performed using Pubmed and Scopus databases, focusing on epidemiology, causes, prevention activitie…
When a death apparently associated to sexual assault is instead a natural death due to idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: The importance of gamma…
2017
We here report a case involving a 21-year-old female, found dead in a central square of a city in the south of Italy. Initial evidences and circumstances were suggestive of a death associated with a sexual assault. Two peripheral blood and two vitreous humor samples were collected for the purpose of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) testing from the dead body at two different post-mortem intervals (PMIs): approximately 2 (t0) and 36 (t1) hours. The obtained results showed that, between t0 and t1, there was an increase of GHB concentrations in peripheral blood and vitreous humor of 66.3% and 8.1%, respectively. This case was the first evidence of GHB post mortem production in a dead body and n…