Search results for "15th Century"
showing 10 items of 30 documents
The Role of doctors in the slave trade during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries within the Kingdom of Valencia (Crown of Aragon)
2013
Slavery had become increasingly widespread throughout the entire Mediterranean region during the late Middle Ages. At the same time, a new form of medicine (based upon the Galenism to which the universities gave voice), together with the practice thereof and its practitioners, had gained ground. Detailed evidence from the Kingdom of Valencia enables us to study these two topics, namely slavery and the new medicine. This article illustrates how doctors came to play a highly active role in the slave trade through the assistance they provided in preventing and rectifying any instances of fraud therein.
Artesanos emprendedores en la industria textil. Del taller al mercado. El caso del pelaire contestano Bernat Martí (1469-1482)
2014
El presente trabajo analiza la función de un sector del artesanado en el desarrollo y la consolidación de las comunidades pañeras del interior valenciano durante la segunda mitad del siglo XV. Tomando como referencia las comarcas del interior-sur del País Valenciano (la Vall d’Albaida, l’Alcoià y el Comtat, con pequeñas ciudades pañeras como Ontinyent, Alcoi y, especialmente, Cocentaina, donde centraremos nuestro estudio), se analiza cómo un pequeño grupo de artesanos tendía a centralizar y gestionar la actividad textil local mediante su participación directa en el mercado de la lana, tintes y aceite, también mediante el control de las fases de acabado del paño (tundido, abatanado, tintado)…
Capilaridad de la manufactura textil en la Plana de Castelló. El caso de Onda en el siglo XV
2010
Onda, a locality with an oscillating population between 300 and 600 dwellings in the 15th century and with Moslems and Jews in the local work, becomes a new piece of the puzzle that lets us see the capillarity of the wool textile manufacture in “La Plana de Castelló”. This capillarity can be seen in the production of clothes, just like in the raw material trade or in the movement of craftsmen. To approach this situation we have basically used the series of documents of the judge of the village kept in the “Archivo del Reino de Valencia”.<br><br>Onda, localidad con un volumen demográfico oscilante entre 300-600 fuegos en el transcurso del siglo XV, con presencia de mudéjares y ju…
Building Bridges through Science
2017
WOS: 000415310800007 PubMed ID: 29144972 Science is ideally suited to connect people from different cultures and thereby foster mutual understanding. To promote international life science collaboration, we have launched "The Science Bridge'' initiative. Our current project focuses on partnership between Western and Middle Eastern neuroscience communities. Medical Research Council [MC_UP_1202/5]
Algunas consideraciones sobre el urbanismo público en Valencia durante la primera mitad del siglo XV = Some thoughts on public urbanism in Valencia d…
2015
El urbanismo público bajomedieval en la ciudad de Valencia se rigió principalmente en base a la actuación de los jurats, el poder ejecutivo de ésta, y la Junta de Murs i Valls, una institución creada el 1358 para gestionar las obras de muros, valladares o caminos de la urbe y su término, entre otras competencias. El devenir de este urbanismo, que cabe separar pero no individualizar del mercado inmobiliario privado, se debe entender, como se pretende enfocar en este artículo, a partir de interpretaciones económicas y sociales y que van más allá de las estrictamente estéticas o artísticas. A través de las fuentes administrativas (Manuals de Consells) se puede analizar la participación activa …
History of bioavailable lead and iron in the Greater North Sea and Iceland during the last millennium – A bivalve sclerochronological reconstruction
2014
We present the first annually resolved record of biologically available Pb and Fe in the Greater North Sea and Iceland during 1040-2004 AD based on shells of the long-lived marine bivalve Arctica islandica. The iron content in pre-industrial shells from the North Sea largely remained below the detection limit. Only since 1830, shell Fe levels rose gradually reflecting the combined effect of increased terrestrial runoff of iron-bearing sediments and eutrophication. Although the lead gasoline peak of the 20th century was well recorded by the shells, bivalves that lived during the medieval heyday of metallurgy showed four-fold higher shell Pb levels than modern specimens. Presumably, pre-indus…
Yersinia pestis DNA from Skeletal Remains from the 6th Century AD Reveals Insights into Justinianic Plague
2013
Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of the disease plague, has been implicated in three historical pandemics. These include the third pandemic of the 19th and 20th centuries, during which plague was spread around the world, and the second pandemic of the 14th–17th centuries, which included the infamous epidemic known as the Black Death. Previous studies have confirmed that Y. pestis caused these two more recent pandemics. However, a highly spirited debate still continues as to whether Y. pestis caused the so-called Justinianic Plague of the 6th–8th centuries AD. By analyzing ancient DNA in two independent ancient DNA laboratories, we confirmed unambiguously the presence of Y. pestis DNA in…
The death penalty in Valencia (1450-1500), numbers, urban spaces and funeral ritualities from the Brotherhood of Innocents and Helpless
2021
Mediante una combinación de fuentes documentales de origen y procedencia diversa, se han computado fehacientemente 737 ejecuciones en Valencia entre los años 1450 y 1500. El artículo analiza este aspecto de la realidad social, judicial y política de la Valencia del Renacimiento a la luz de los recientes planteamientos historiográficos sobre la materia. Se destaca el impacto del Santo Oficio (a partir de 1482) dentro del contexto penal de la ciudad, se analiza el papel restaurador y reconciliador de la Cofradía de Inocentes y Desamparados, y se aborda la contribución de esta singular hermandad a la re-significación de los espacios urbanos y periurbanos. Through a combination of documentary s…
Transgresión moral y enfermedad en los países nórdicos en la temprana Edad Moderna
2009
This article seeks to understand how people in the early modern age interpreted the nature of illness and the role that morality played in these interpretations. From this point of view illnesses were not only psycho-physical states or subjects for medical diagnosis but they were also subjects for narratives or stories through which people tried to understand what had caused their illness, and why it was happening to them. Illnesses were understood as strictly connected with the patient's character and were regarded as possible consequences of his personality. On the other hand, the interpretations also emphasised the ambivalence of a healer. Personal experiences and an understanding of one…
Poisoning histories in the Italian renaissance: The case of Pico Della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano.
2018
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano were two of the most important humanists of the Italian Renaissance. They died suddenly in 1494 and their deaths have been for centuries a subject of debate. The exhumation of their remains offered the opportunity to study the cause of their death through a multidisciplinary research project. Anthropological analyses, together with documentary evidences, radiocarbon dating and ancient DNA analysis supported the identification of the remains attributed to Pico. Macroscopic examination did not reveal paleopathological lesions or signs related to syphilis. Heavy metals analysis, carried out on bones and mummified tissues, showed that in Pico's…