Search results for "16. Peace & justice"

State Sovereignty: Balancing Effectiveness and Legality/Legitimacy

2018

This chapter aims to examine one of the most interesting topics in the contemporary internationalist debate, namely the crisis of effectiveness as the ultimate or sufficient criterion for achieving statehood and territorial sovereignty. Since the 1970s the perception that international law can no longer accept social reality as it is but promotes and imposes standards of justice and common values has become increasingly widespread. More recently, the ensuing discussion between realists and legalists emerged as one of the central topics addressed within the framework of the advisory procedure concerning Kosovo’s declaration of independence. By discussing and critically appraising the normati…

Maternal homework assistance and children's task-persistent behavior in elementary school

2018

Abstract The present study used a sample of 365 children to investigate the longitudinal associations between maternal homework assistance (i.e., help, monitoring, and autonomy granting) and children's task-persistent behavior in learning situations from grade 2 to grade 4 of elementary school. Also, the extent to which task-persistent behavior plays a role in the links between parental homework assistance and children's academic performance was examined. The results showed that the more autonomy granting mothers reported, the more task-persistent behavior children exhibited; and more task-persistent behavior children exhibited, the more autonomy their mothers granted. In contrast, the more…

Cultural risk factors of suicidal behavior among adolescents in Kazakhstan

2020

Youth suicide is becoming a serious problem in Kazakhstan. According to UNICEF reports, the risk of suicidal behavior among adolescents (15-19 years) in Kazakhstan is three times higher than in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Despite the urgency of the problem, there are currently no psychological studies of the causes of suicide. In this article, we identify several cultural and historical factors and associated risks that, in our opinion, should be considered in the study of the growth of adolescent suicide in Kazakhstan.

Ethics and the treatment as prevention strategy among transgender women living with HIV in Argentina

2020

While numerous ethical concerns have been voiced regarding HIV service scale-up strategies targeting key populations, few studies have examined these from the perspective of affected groups. This study therefore sought to understand transgender women's experiences and perspectives of targeted HIV services scale-up in the context of Argentina's Treatment as Prevention strategy. In 2016, 25 purposively selected transgender women living with HIV were interviewed by a peer research associate. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using participatory coding techniques. Findings suggest that procedures around informed consent, including the provision of full informatio…

2018

Background Global development goals increasingly rely on country-specific estimates for benchmarking a nation's progress. To meet this need, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 estimated global, regional, national, and, for selected locations, subnational cause-specific mortality beginning in the year 1980. Here we report an update to that study, making use of newly available data and improved methods. GBD 2017 provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 282 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2017. Methods The causes of death database is composed of vital registration (VR), verbal autopsy (VA), registry, survey…

Prostate Cancer Segmentation from Multiparametric MRI Based on Fuzzy Bayesian Model

2014

International audience

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men

2018

A correction has been published:The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 218, Issue 8, 15 October 2018, Page 1350, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiy315; International audience; Background:We assessed prevalence and risk factors for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), who are at high-risk of HPV-related anal cancer.Methods:APACHES is a multicentric, prospective study of anal HPV infection and lesions in HIV-positive MSM aged ≥35 years. At baseline, participants underwent anal swabs for HPV and cytology, plus high-resolution anoscopy. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was tested by Cobas4800, with genotyping of HR-HPV positiv…

Les bizutages dans le monde ouvrier en France à l’époque contemporaine

2013

Dans le monde ouvrier, des pratiques informelles de bizutage se reperent, accomplies par des hommes comme par des femmes sur les jeunes jusque vers les annees 1970 environ, pour accompagner leur entree dans les usines. Elles fonctionnent a la fois comme rites de passage, manifestations brutales de domination voire de violence, et blague dont il convient de rire. Mais, parce qu’elles revetent une dimension sexuelle manifeste, elles participent de l’identification des masculinites ouvrieres a la virilite.

Professional agency in a university context: Academic freedom and fetters

2020

Professional agency is an urgent topic in academic contexts, albeit relatively unexplored, and elaborated with contradictory conclusions on its extent and characteristics. To contribute to the discussion, this multimethod study investigated professional agency within a Finnish university. We utilised questionnaire data and interviews to explore agency, as manifested in influencing at work, developing work practices, and negotiating professional identity. We found that overall, these three dimensions of agency were manifested fairly substantially, and in a similar manner among the academic staff. The study further emphasises the social nature of professional agency, and presents theoretical …

Design and implementation of the AMIGA embedded system for data acquisition

2021

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and admin-istrative staff in Malargtie. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energla Atomica, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientffica y Tec-nologica (ANPCyT) , Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas (CONICET) , Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargtie, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leilas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho…