Search results for "20th Century"
showing 10 items of 182 documents
From mental hygiene to mental health: ideology, discourses and practices in Franco’s Spain (1939–75)
2017
Based on an analysis of the discourses, the ideological appropriation and the practical influence of mental hygiene in Spanish psychiatry during the early years of the Francoist regime, this article examines its decline and subsequent replacement by the new concept of mental health promoted by the World Health Organization and other international bodies from the mid-twentieth century. The old approach, essentially focused on the prophylaxis of insanity within the framework of a set of interventionist policies of social defence, was thus transformed from the beginning of the 1960s into a much more ambitious and comprehensive project which sought to promote the psychosocial balance and perfo…
Los Problemas Socio-Ambientales en Geografía: una Lectura Iberoamericana
2018
Instituida como disciplina escolar en el siglo XIX, con el objetivo de promover la identificación de los jóvenes ciudadanos con la patria, la finalidad de la Geografía es más describir un país armonioso que no denunciar los problemas sociales y ambientales. Esta tradición perdura hasta nuestros días, como lo demuestran los programas oficiales de Chile, España y Portugal. Los problemas socioambientales son desvalorizados y reducidos a una información estadística e icónica, que no reconoce los deseos de los ciudadanos. Este discurso está reforzado por la actuación de los organismos internacionales, más interesados en el desempeño de los alumnos en algunas áreas, que se consideran con impacto …
Obesity in Aging and Art
2009
THIS issue of Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences highlights new findings on obesity in older persons and its consequences for health and function (1,2,3). The obesity epidemic is spreading rapidly in both developed and developing countries, and perspectives on the negative effects of overweight and obesity abound in recent medical literature. What do we know so far about obesity over the lifetime? Obesity does not spare older persons (4). Obese older persons experience a wide range of negative consequences, including metabolic abnormalities, arthritis, pulmonary diseases, cataracts, cancer, impaired mobility, disability, and mortality. Given the already extensive knowledge base, why a…
Finnish Twin Research in the 1930s: Contributions of Arvo Lehtovaara and His Mentor, Eino Kaila.
2016
We offer a brief sketch of an overlooked early twin researcher, Arvo Johannes Lehtovaara (1905–1985), Professor of Psychology at the University of Jyväskylä, 1939–1952, and the University of Helsinki, 1952–1970, with background notes on his mentor, Eino Kaila.
Psychosocial aspects of diabetes technology
2020
Aim To identify key psychosocial research in the domain of diabetes technology. Results Four trajectories of psychosocial diabetes technology research are identified that characterize research over the past 25 years. Key evidence is reviewed on psychosocial outcomes of technology use as well as psychosocial barriers and facilitating conditions of diabetes technology uptake. Psychosocial interventions that address modifiable barriers and psychosocial factors have proven to be effective in improving glycaemic and self-reported outcomes in diabetes technology users. Conclusions Psychosocial diabetes technology research is essential for designing interventions and education programmes targeting…
Pancreatic Extracts for the Treatment of Diabetes (1889-1914): Acomatol.
2019
Background Historical review on the early development of organotherapy for diabetes [pancreatic extracts (PE)] and its relationship with the social and political circumstances. Areas of uncertainty The diagnosis of diabetes relied only in the presence of glycosuria and cardinal symptoms. Blood glucose determinations were not regularly available, requiring large volumes for sampling. Micromethods for glycemia were developed just in the last years of the investigated period. Hypoglycemia remains undiscovered. Isolation and purification of PE were difficult tasks due to the unknown chemical structure of the antidiabetic hormone. Data sources (1) Berliner Medizinhistoriches Museum der Charite (…
Le patrie di Guttuso
2021
A trentacinque anni dalla morte di Renato Guttuso, autore che occupa un posto di rilievo nel panorama della pittura del XX secolo, il contributo ne prende in esame la cultura visuale con particolare riferimento alla tradizione siciliana. A partire dalle prove giovanili, al centro di una fortuna controversa, l'articolo offre una disamina della relazione strettissima tra Guttuso e Bagheria ripercorrendo gli esordi dell'artista nel solco della tradizione pittorica tardo-ottocentesca ma non privi di importanti rimandi alla produzione successiva orientata verso una spiccata originalità. Thirty-five years after the death of Renato Guttuso, an author who occupies a prominent place in the panorama …
The use of tree-rings and foliage as an archive of volcanogenic cation deposition.
2007
Tree cores (Pinus nigra ssp. laricio) and leaves (Castanea sativa) from the flanks of Mount Etna, Sicily were analysed by ICP-MS to investigate whether volcanogenic cations within plant material provide an archive of a volcano's temporal and spatial depositional influence. There is significant compositional variability both within and between trees, but no systematic dendrochemical correlation with periods of effusive, explosive or increased degassing activity. Dendrochemistry does not provide a record of persistent but fluctuating volcanic activity. Foliar levels of bioaccumulated cations correspond to modelled plume transport patterns, and map short-term volcanic fumigation. Around the fl…
My life in Wittekind's lab.
2007
La Mostra d’Arte Sacra delle Madonie: la pièce inaugurale tra storia del costume e valorizzazione del patrimonio
2017
The reconstruction of the inaugural event of the Exhibition of Sacred Art of the Madonie di Maria Accascina. From the handwritten notes found, the theatrical formula of the moment conceived by Accascina herself preparatory to the opening of the rooms, between parades of ancient costumes and narration of historical and artistic events linked to Sicily