Search results for "25"
showing 10 items of 3263 documents
Lost in Transition: A Systematic Review of Neonatal Electroencephalography in the Delivery Room—Are We Forgetting an Important Biomarker for Newborn …
2017
Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring is routine in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) for detection of seizures, neurological monitoring of infants following perinatal asphyxia, and increasingly, following preterm delivery. EEG monitoring is not routinely commenced in the delivery room (DR). Objectives: To determine the feasibility of recording neonatal EEG in the DR, and to assess its usefulness as a marker of neurological wellbeing during immediate newborn transition. Methods: We performed a systematic stepwise search of PubMed using the following terms: infant, newborns, neonate, delivery room, afterbirth, transition and electroencephalography. Only human studies describ…
Analysis of the factors linked to a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
2017
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder originating from multiple factors. The aim of this study is to determine the percentage of patients with ADHD out of all patients referred to our clinic for assessment, and to explore the epidemiological and clinical factors linked to this diagnosis. Patients and methods: Retrospective analytical study of a sample of patients under 15 years old sent to the paediatric neurology clinic for suspected ADHD. DSM-IV criteria were used for diagnosis. We completed a binary logistic regression analysis to determine which risk factors were associated with the diagnosis. Results: Of the 280 selected patients, …
Italian multicentre study found infectious and vaccine-preventable diseases in children adopted from Africa and recommends prompt medical screening
2018
AIM This study evaluated the prevalence of infectious diseases and immunisation status of children adopted from Africa. METHODS We studied 762 African children referred to 11 Italian paediatric centres in 2009-2015. Clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively collected and analysed. RESULTS The median age of the children (60.3% males) was 3 years and 6 months, 52.6% came from Ethiopia and 50.1% had at least one infectious disease. Parasitic infections accounted for the majority of the infectious diseases (409 of 715), and the most common were Giardia lamblia (n = 239), Toxocara canis (n = 65) and skin infections (n = 205), notably Tinea capitis/corporis (n = 134) and Molluscum contagi…
Neonatal problems of late and moderate preterm infants.
2012
International audience; Late and moderate preterm infants account for \textgreater80% of premature births. These newborns experience considerable mortality and morbidity in comparison with full-term born infants. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the most common morbidities of late and moderate preterm infants in the neonatal period, their incidence, severity, risk factors and need for admission to the different levels of care. The recent findings on preventive strategies and management priorities for clinical care of these vulnerable babies are also reviewed.
Diagnostik und Therapie des Morbus Pompe im Kindesalter
2020
Pompe disease is a rare metabolic myopathy caused by deficiency of lysosomal α-glucosidase. Reduced enzyme activity results in abnormal intra- and extralysosomal glycogen deposition as well as impaired cellular function and autophagy. Age at manifestation and severity of disease depend on residual enzyme activity. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is available since 2006. In infantile onset Pompe disease, the most severe form, markedly prolonged survival has resulted in a new phenotype with symptoms and problems not encountered previously. In addition, it became apparent that antibody formation against the recombinant human enzyme may adversely affect the response to ERT. This review summari…
Febrile seizure and related syndromes
2018
Abstract Febrile seizures (FS) are the result of particular sensitivity to fever in the developing brain, have a major genetic predisposition, and nearly always have a benign outcome. Febrile seizures are the most common for of seizures in childhood. They have been observed in 2–6% of children before the age of 5 years, but in some populations this figure increase to 15%. Febrile seizures could be the first manifestations of epilepsy. About 13% of epileptic patients have a history of febrile seizures, and 30% have had recurrent febrile seizures Their phenotypic characteristics allow, in the majority of cases, a classification of the seizure, an elaboration of a prognosis and to assume a spe…
Effect of Neonatal Outcome Estimates on Decision-Making Preferences of Mothers Facing Preterm Birth
2020
This randomized clinical trial examines the effect of neonatal outcomes on the preferences for expectant German mothers for life-sustaining treatments.
Contributing factors and outcomes of treatment refusal in pediatric oncology in Germany
2016
Background In Germany, about 1,800 new cases of pediatric cancer under 15 years of age are diagnosed each year and survival rates approach 80%. Although treatment is covered by health insurance and is thus available for all patients at no cost, treatment refusal and treatment discontinuation have been observed. However, no data providing numbers and outcomes for developed countries have been published thus far. Procedure A questionnaire-based survey was performed among German pediatric oncology centers to ascertain the number of treatment refusals among pediatric patients who were diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2009 in Germany. Results Questionnaires from 70 of 73 centers were …
Determination of thyroid volume in infants with suspected congenital hypothyroidism—the limitations of both subjective and objective evaluation
2020
Objective: To compare two methods of assessing gland size on thyroid ultrasound in newborn infants with suspected congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Methods: Images from infants with eutopic glands referred between 2007 and 2013 were evaluated blind by two sets of observers. Subjective gland size was categorised as small, borderline-small, normal, borderline-large and large. Objective gland volume, calculated as the sum of each lobe using the prolate ellipsoid formula (length x width x depth x π/6), was put into corresponding categories: <0.8, 0.81–1.0, 1.1– <2.2, 2.2–2.4 and >2.4 ml, derived from normative Scottish data. Results: Of 36 infants, permanent CH was present in 17, transie…
Effectiveness and safety of dexamphetamine sulfate (Attentin
2021
Abstract Background: Randomized controlled trials have shown that dexamphetamine sulfate (DEX) is efficacious in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents; however, data on the effectiveness and safety of DEX in routine practice are scarce. Objective: This study investigated the long-term effectiveness and safety of Attentin® (immediate-release DEX) in children and adolescents with ADHD in routine practice. Methods: ATTENTION was a multicenter, prospective, observational, non-interventional study that enrolled pediatric patients with ADHD (aged 6-17 years) with a clinically inadequate response to previous methylphenidate (MPH) treatment. Pa…