Search results for "2730 Oncology"
showing 10 items of 31 documents
Overall survival in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma receiving encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib (COLUMBUS): a multice…
2018
Summary Background Encorafenib plus binimetinib and encorafenib alone improved progression-free survival compared with vemurafenib in patients with BRAF V600 -mutant melanoma in the COLUMBUS trial. Here, we report the results of the secondary endpoint of overall survival. Methods COLUMBUS was a two-part, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study done at 162 hospitals in 28 countries. Eligible patients were aged at least 18 years with histologically confirmed, locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic cutaneous melanoma, or unknown primary melanoma, BRAF V600E or BRAF V600K mutation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1, and were treatment naive or had pr…
Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor enhances immune responses to melanoma-associated peptides in vivo.
1996
Peptide epitopes derived from differentiation antigens of the melanocyte lineage were recently identified in human melanomas as targets for MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). The characterization of multiple CTL-defined antigenic determinants has opened possibilities of development of antigen-targeted vaccines. In the present study, we determined CTL reactivity against melanoma-associated peptides derived from Melan A/MART-1, tyrosinase, and gp100/Pmel17 in 3 HLA-A2+ melanoma patients. Then, we assessed the immune responses to synthetic melanoma-associated peptides injected intradermally. After 3 cycles of immunization with peptide alone, we used systemic GM-CSF as an adjuvant du…
A long duration of the prediagnostic symptomatic interval is not associated with an unfavourable prognosis in childhood medulloblastoma
2012
Due to the lacking specificity of symptoms making a correct diagnosis can be a challenge in children with medulloblastoma. This can lead to prediagnostic symptomatic intervals (PSIs) of several weeks to months. It is unknown whether the length of the PSI is associated with an inferior survival outcome in this population.To study the association of PSI with disease stage at diagnosis, tumour control and survival in children with medulloblastoma, prospectively collected data on PSI, clinical, and biological features were analysed in 224 patients diagnosed at the age of 3-18 years and treated within the prospective randomised multicentre trial HIT'91.Patients with lower-stage disease tended to…
ERGO: A pilot study of ketogenic diet in recurrent glioblastoma
2014
Limiting dietary carbohydrates inhibits glioma growth in preclinical models. Therefore, the ERGO trial (NCT00575146) examined feasibility of a ketogenic diet in 20 patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Patients were put on a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet containing plant oils. Feasibility was the primary endpoint, secondary endpoints included the percentage of patients reaching urinary ketosis, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival. The effects of a ketogenic diet alone or in combination with bevacizumab was also explored in an orthotopic U87MG glioblastoma model in nude mice. Three patients (15%) discontinued the diet for poor tolerability. No serious adverse events attri…
Changing geographical patterns and trends in cancer incidence in children and adolescents in Europe, 1991–2010 (Automated Childhood Cancer Informatio…
2018
List of ACCIS contributors = Monika Hackl, Anna Zborovskaya, Nadya Dimitrova, Zdravka Valerianova, Ladislav Dušek, Margit Mägi, Alain Monnereau, Jacqueline Clavel, Michel Velten, Anne-Valérie Guizard, Véronique Bouvier, Xavier Troussard, Anne-Sophie Woronoff, Emilie Marrer, Brigitte Trétarre, Marc Colonna, Olivier Ganry, Pascale Grosclaude, Berndt Holleczek, Zsuzsanna Jakab, Laufey Tryggvadóttir, Lucia Mangone, Franco Merletti, Stefano Ferretti, Bianca Caruso, Maria Michiara, Rosario Tumino, Fabio Falcini, Roberto Zanetti, Giovanna Tagliabue, Otto Visser, Giske Ursin, Ryszard Mężyk, Kamila Kepska, José Laranja Pontes, Maja Primic Žakelj, Rafael Fernández-Delgado, Marisa L Vicente Raneda, En…
Psychometric properties of the updated EORTC module for assessing quality of life in patients with lung cancer (QLQ-LC29): an international, observat…
2020
Abstract: Background The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer 13 (QLQ-LC13) assesses quality of life (QOL) in patients with lung cancer and was the first EORTC module developed for use in international clinical trials. Since its publication in 1994, major treatment advances with possible effects on QOL have occurred. These changes called for an update of the module and its international psychometric validation. We aimed to investigate the scale structure and psychometric properties of the updated lung cancer module, QLQ-LC29, in patients with lung cancer. Methods This international, observational field study was done in…
Treatment of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes with carboplatin/etoposide induction and high-dose chemotherapy within the prospective P-HIT…
2021
Abstract Background Embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) are highly aggressive tumors occurring in early childhood. Published clinical data refer to retrospective, heterogeneously treated cohorts. Here, we describe the outcome of patients treated according to the prospective P-HIT trial and subsequent HIT2000-interim-registry. Patients and methods Age-stratified treatment included carboplatin/etoposide induction, tandem high-dose chemotherapy (“CARBO/ETO + HDCT”), and response-stratified radiotherapy. Patients with centrally reviewed neuropathological and molecularly confirmed diagnosis of ETMR recruited within the P-HIT trial (2001-2011; n = 19), the HIT2000-interim-registry …
Differential influence of vemurafenib and dabrafenib on patient lymphocytes despite similar clinical efficacy in melanoma
2014
Background: Since the majority of melanomas eventually become resistant and progress, combining selective BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) with immunotherapies has been proposed to achieve more durable treatment responses. Here, we explored the impact of selective BRAFi on the hosts’ immune system. Patients and methods: Clinical data, whole blood counts (WBC) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of 277 vemurafenib- and 65 dabrafenib-treated melanoma patients were evaluated. The frequency and phenotype of lymphocyte subpopulations were determined by flow cytometry while T cell cytokine secretion was measured by multiplex assays. Results: Progression-free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (O…
Mutant HRAS as novel target for MEK and mTOR inhibitors.
2015
HRAS is a frequently mutated oncogene in cancer. However, mutant HRAS as drug target has not been investigated so far. Here, we show that mutant HRAS hyperactivates the RAS and the mTOR pathway in various cancer cell lines including lung, bladder and esophageal cancer. HRAS mutation sensitized toward growth inhibition by the MEK inhibitors AZD6244, MEK162 and PD0325901. Further, we found that MEK inhibitors induce apoptosis in mutant HRAS cell lines but not in cell lines lacking RAS mutations. In addition, knockdown of HRAS by siRNA blocked cell growth in mutant HRAS cell lines. Inhibition of the PI3K pathway alone or in combination with MEK inhibitors did not alter signaling nor had an imp…
Spinal metastases: Is stereotactic body radiation therapy supported by evidences?
2016
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is becoming widely adopted in the treatment of primary and secondary tumors. Spinal bone metastases are frequently discovered in cancer patients, and in the past have been usually treated with a palliative goal. Nevertheless, in some particular clinical settings, such as oligometastatic patients and/or those with a long life expectancy, spinal SBRT could be considered a valid therapeutic option to obtain long-lasting palliation and, when possible, with a curative goal. This review aims to summarize available clinical and dosimetric data of published studies about spinal SBRT.