Search results for "2D"
showing 10 items of 305 documents
CYP2D6 genotype and phenotyping by determination of dextromethorphan and metabolites in serum of healthy controls and of patients under psychotropic …
1998
Fourteen drug free healthy volunteers and 22 psychiatric patients under psychotropic medication were phenotyped for their individual CYP2D6 activity using dextromethorphan as a probe drug. A solution containing 20 mg dextromethorphan was administered and blood was taken 60 min later for determination of dextromethorphan and metabolites in serum. For comparison, urine was collected over 8 h after ingestion of 20 mg dextromethorphan in a separate test. The CYP2D6 phenotype was determined from the ratio of dextromethorphan to dextrorphan. For genotyping, mutant alleles of the CYP2D6 gene were identified using allele-specific polymerase chain reactions. Genotyping revealed five poor metabolizer…
Three-dimensional (3D) versus two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A case-control study
2016
Abstract Introduction Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is today considered the gold standard of treatment for adrenal tumors. The development of high definition cameras does not eliminate the major limitation of two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopy: lack of depth perception and loss of spatial orientation. Tree-dimensional (3D) HD laparoscopy was developed as an alternative to conventional 2D laparoscopy. Methods We report our experience with use of 3D vision system for laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Between January 2009 and March 2015 we performed a total of 52 laparoscopic adrenalectomies. In this case-control study we considered 13 laparoscopic adrenalectomies performed with three-dimensional (3D) vi…
The Contribution of Childhood Parental Rejection and Early Androgen Exposure to Impairments in Socio-Cognitive Skills in Intimate Partner Violence Pe…
2013
Alcohol consumption, a larger history of childhood parental rejection, and high prenatal androgen exposure have been linked with facilitation and high risk of recidivism in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. Participants were distributed into two groups according to their alcohol consumption scores as high (HA) and low (LA). HA presented a higher history of childhood parental rejection, prenatal masculinization (smaller 2D:4D ratio), and violence-related scores than LA IPV perpetrators. Nonetheless, the former showed poor socio-cognitive skills performance (cognitive flexibility, emotional recognition and cognitive empathy). Particularly in HA IPV perpetrators, the history of chi…
Automated Determination of Dextromethorphan and Its Main Metabolites in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Column Switching
1996
An automated column-switching technique coupled to isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was developed for simultaneous determination of dextromethorphan and its three major metabolites, dextrorphan, hydroxymorphinan, and methoxymorphinan. After cleavage of conjugates by incubation with glucuronidasearylsulfatase at 37 degrees C for 15 h, plasma samples were injected directly into the HPLC system. Dextromethorphan and metabolites were retained on a cleanup column (10 x 4.6 mm internal diameter [ID]) filled with cyanopropyl (CN) material (Hypersil CPS, 10-microns article size) while interfering proteins and lipids were washed to waste. After colu…
HLA and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors influence the natural course of CMV infection.
2014
Background. Natural killer (NK) cells provide a major defense against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection through the interaction of their surface receptors, including the activating and inhibitory killer immunoglobulinlike receptors (KIRs), and human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I molecules. This study assessed whether the KIR and HLA repertoire may influence the risk of developing symptomatic or asymptomatic disease after primary CMV infection in the immunocompetent host. Methods. Sixty immunocompetent patients with primary symptomatic CMV infection were genotyped for KIR and their HLA ligands, along with 60 subjects with a previous asymptomatic infection as controls. Results. The frequency…
Melperone is an Inhibitor of the CYP2D6 Catalyzed O-demethylation of Venlafaxine
2003
INTRODUCTION Melperone, a butyrophenone neuroleptic, is frequently used for its sleep-inducing properties. Despite its common use for more than 30 years, it is not yet characterized regarding its effects on cytochrome P450 s (CYPs). In an open pilot study, effects of melperone on the steady-state blood levels of venlafaxine, a recently introduced serotonin- and noradrenaline reuptake inhibiting antidepressant, were assessed. METHODS The dose-corrected serum concentrations of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine were analyzed retrospectively in a therapeutic drug-monitoring (TDM) database comprising 94 patients. In addition, three patients received venlafaxine and melperone concomitantly a…
Competitive interaction between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting incident atrial fibrillation
2018
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and an emerging risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores are significantly associated with incident AF independently of other risk factors. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a possible interaction between COPD and CHA2DS2-VASc in predicting incident AF. Methods: This observational prospective cohort study included 4322 Caucasians with cardiovascular risk factors, stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc score (> 2 vs < 2) and presence/absence of COPD. To detect AF appearance, patients underwent, every 6 months, physical examination, standard 12‑lead electrocardiog…
CYP2D6 polymorphism and clinical effect of the antidepressant venlafaxine.
2006
SUMMARY Background: Venlafaxine (V) is a mixed serotoninand noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor used as afirst-line treatment of depressive disorders. It ismetabolized primarily by the highly polymorphiccytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme CYP2D6 to yielda pharmacologically active metabolite, O-des-methylvenlafaxine (ODV), and to a lesser extentby CYP3A4, to yield N-desmethylvenlafaxine(NDV).Objectives: The aim of this study was to assesswhether the O-demethylation phenotype of V hasan impact on the pharmacokinetics and clinicaloutcome.Method: In 100 patients treated with V, serumconcentrations of V, ODV and NDV and theratios of concentrations ODV/V as a measure ofO-demethylation were determined. Indiv…
Evidences of +896 A/G TLR4 Polymorphism as an Indicative of Prevalence of Complications in T2DM Patients
2014
T2DM is today considered as world-wide health problem, with complications responsible of an enhanced mortality and morbidity. Thus, new strategies for its prevention and therapy are necessary. For this reason, the research interest has focused its attention on TLR4 and its polymorphisms, particularly the rs4986790. However, no conclusive findings have been reported until now about the role of this polymorphism in development of T2DM and its complications, even if a recent meta-analysis showed its T2DM association in Caucasians. In this study, we sought to evaluate the weight of rs4986790 polymorphism in the risk of the major T2DM complications, including 367 T2DM patients complicated for th…
Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal left ventricular layer-specific strain: results from the EACVI NORRE study
2020
Abstract Aims To obtain the normal range for 2D echocardiographic (2DE) measurements of left ventricular (LV) layer-specific strain from a large group of healthy volunteers of both genders over a wide range of ages. Methods and results A total of 287 (109 men, mean age: 46 ± 14 years) healthy subjects were enrolled at 22 collaborating institutions of the EACVI Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. Layer-specific strain was analysed from the apical two-, three-, and four-chamber views using 2DE software. The lowest values of layer-specific strain calculated as ±1.96 standard deviations from the mean were −15.0% in men and −15.6% in women for epicardial strain, −16.8% …