Search results for "3a"

showing 10 items of 351 documents

Maternal overnutrition programs hedonic and metabolic phenotypes across generations through sperm tsRNAs

2019

There is a growing body of evidence linking maternal overnutri-tion to obesity and psychopathology that can be conserved acrossmultiple generations. Recently, we demonstrated in a maternalhigh-fat diet (HFD; MHFD) mouse model that MHFD inducedenhanced hedonic behaviors and obesogenic phenotypes thatwere conserved across three generations via the paternal lineage,which was independent of sperm methylome changes. Here, weshow that sperm tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) partly contrib-ute to the transmission of such phenotypes. We observe increasedexpression of sperm tsRNAs in the F1 male offspring born to HFD-exposed dams. Microinjection of sperm tsRNAs from the F1-HFDmale into normal zygotes…

MaleobesityOffspringmedia_common.quotation_subject610 Medicine & health10071 Functional Genomics Center ZurichDiet High-FatMiceovernutritionOvernutritionPregnancymedicineAnimalsEpigeneticsGRIN3Amedia_commonGenetics1000 MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinaryZygotebiologyAddictionmaternal; overnutrition; obesity; epigenetic; sperm RNAMaternal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaBiological Sciencesmedicine.diseaseSpermatozoaPhenotypeSpermBehavior AddictivematernalPhenotypePNAS PlusPrenatal Exposure Delayed Effectsbiology.proteinRNA570 Life sciences; biologyFemalesperm RNAepigeneticNeuroscience
researchProduct

Luminescence and vacuum ultraviolet excitation spectroscopy of cerium doped Gd3Ga3Al2O12 single crystalline scintillators under synchrotron radiation…

2020

Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Latvian Science Council grant LZP-2018/2-0358 . The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSO plus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON2020 . The work of A.P.K. was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation , state contracts No. 11.6181.2017/ITR .

Materials scienceLuminescenceAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSynchrotron radiation02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesIonCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCe3+Condensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Gd3Ga3Al2O12Spectroscopy010302 applied physicsSynchrotron radiationDoping021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyXANESlcsh:QC1-999XANES3. Good healthCeriumchemistry0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceExcitationlcsh:PhysicsVUV spectroscopyResults in Physics
researchProduct

Geodesic ray transform with matrix weights for piecewise constant functions

2019

We show injectivity of the geodesic X-ray transform on piecewise constant functions when the transform is weighted by a continuous matrix weight. The manifold is assumed to be compact and nontrapping of any dimension, and in dimension three and higher we assume a foliation condition. We make no assumption regarding conjugate points or differentiability of the weight. This extends recent results for unweighted transforms.

Mathematics - Differential Geometry44A12 65R32 53A99GeodesicGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisConjugate pointsmatrix weight01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatManifoldFoliation010101 applied mathematicsMatrix (mathematics)geodesic ray transformDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Dimension (vector space)FOS: MathematicsPiecewiseConstant function0101 mathematicsintegral geometryMathematics
researchProduct

Local Gauge Conditions for Ellipticity in Conformal Geometry

2013

In this article we introduce local gauge conditions under which many curvature tensors appearing in conformal geometry, such as the Weyl, Cotton, Bach, and Fefferman-Graham obstruction tensors, become elliptic operators. The gauge conditions amount to fixing an $n$-harmonic coordinate system and normalizing the determinant of the metric. We also give corresponding elliptic regularity results and characterizations of local conformal flatness in low regularity settings.

Mathematics - Differential Geometry53A30 (Primary) 53B20 35J60 (Secondary)General MathematicsCoordinate systemConformal mapCurvatureconformal geometry01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEs0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsFlatness (mathematics)Mathematics010308 nuclear & particles physicsta111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisgauge conditionsGauge (firearms)Elliptic operatorDifferential Geometry (math.DG)symbolsWeyl transformationMathematics::Differential GeometryConformal geometryAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)curvature tensors
researchProduct

p-harmonic coordinates for H\"older metrics and applications

2015

We show that on any Riemannian manifold with H\"older continuous metric tensor, there exists a $p$-harmonic coordinate system near any point. When $p = n$ this leads to a useful gauge condition for regularity results in conformal geometry. As applications, we show that any conformal mapping between manifolds having $C^\alpha$ metric tensors is $C^{1+\alpha}$ regular, and that a manifold with $W^{1,n} \cap C^\alpha$ metric tensor and with vanishing Weyl tensor is locally conformally flat if $n \geq 4$. The results extend the works [LS14, LS15] from the case of $C^{1+\alpha}$ metrics to the H\"older continuous case. In an appendix, we also develop some regularity results for overdetermined el…

Mathematics - Differential Geometry53A30 (Primary) 35J60 35B65 (Secondary)
researchProduct

A Cornucopia of Carnot groups in Low Dimensions

2022

Abstract Stratified groups are those simply connected Lie groups whose Lie algebras admit a derivation for which the eigenspace with eigenvalue 1 is Lie generating. When a stratified group is equipped with a left-invariant path distance that is homogeneous with respect to the automorphisms induced by the derivation, this metric space is known as Carnot group. Carnot groups appear in several mathematical contexts. To understand their algebraic structure, it is useful to study some examples explicitly. In this work, we provide a list of low-dimensional stratified groups, express their Lie product, and present a basis of left-invariant vector fields, together with their respective left-invaria…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryApplied Mathematicsnilpotent Lie algebrasLien ryhmätfree nilpotent groupsharmoninen analyysistratified groupsdifferentiaaligeometria510 MathematicsDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Carnot groupsFOS: Mathematicsexponential coordinatesGeometry and Topologyassociated Carnot-graded Lie algebra53C17 43A80 22E25 22F30 14M17Analysis
researchProduct

On Radon Transforms on Tori

2014

We show injectivity of the X-ray transform and the $d$-plane Radon transform for distributions on the $n$-torus, lowering the regularity assumption in the recent work by Abouelaz and Rouvi\`ere. We also show solenoidal injectivity of the X-ray transform on the $n$-torus for tensor fields of any order, allowing the tensors to have distribution valued coefficients. These imply new injectivity results for the periodic broken ray transform on cubes of any dimension.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGeneral Mathematicschemistry.chemical_elementRadoninversio-ongelmatTensor fieldray transformsMathematics - Analysis of PDEs46F12 44A12 53A45Dimension (vector space)FOS: MathematicsMathematicsgeometric opticsSolenoidal vector fieldRadon transformApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisOrder (ring theory)TorusFourier analysisDistribution (mathematics)Differential Geometry (math.DG)chemistryAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
researchProduct

Curves with constant curvature ratios

2004

Curves in ${\mathbb R}^n$ for which the ratios between two consecutive curvatures are constant are characterized by the fact that their tangent indicatrix is a geodesic in a flat torus. For $n= 3,4$, spherical curves of this kind are also studied and compared with intrinsic helices in the sphere.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)FOS: MathematicsMathematics::Metric GeometryMathematics::Differential GeometryMatemàtica53A04
researchProduct

Bicycle paths, elasticae and sub-Riemannian geometry

2020

We relate the sub-Riemannian geometry on the group of rigid motions of the plane to `bicycling mathematics'. We show that this geometry's geodesics correspond to bike paths whose front tracks are either non-inflectional Euler elasticae or straight lines, and that its infinite minimizing geodesics (or `metric lines') correspond to bike paths whose front tracks are either straight lines or `Euler's solitons' (also known as Syntractrix or Convicts' curves).

Mathematics - Differential GeometryGeodesicGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeometryRiemannian geometry01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics - Metric GeometryClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematical PhysicsMathematics53C17 (Primary) 53A17 53A04 (Secondary)Group (mathematics)Plane (geometry)Applied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)Statistical and Nonlinear Physics010101 applied mathematicsDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsMetric (mathematics)Euler's formulasymbolsNonlinearity
researchProduct

Boundary rigidity for Randers metrics

2021

If a non-reversible Finsler norm is the sum of a reversible Finsler norm and a closed 1-form, then one can uniquely recover the 1-form up to potential fields from the boundary distance data. We also show a boundary rigidity result for Randers metrics where the reversible Finsler norm is induced by a Riemannian metric which is boundary rigid. Our theorems generalize Riemannian boundary rigidity results to some non-reversible Finsler manifolds. We provide an application to seismology where the seismic wave propagates in a moving medium.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryInverse problemsboundary rigidityMathematical analysisBoundary (topology)Rigidity (psychology)ArticlesInverse problemtravel time tomography53C24 53A35 86A22Seismic waveDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Norm (mathematics)Metric (mathematics)FOS: MathematicsMathematics::Metric GeometryMathematics::Differential GeometryMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematicsAnnales Fennici Mathematici
researchProduct