Search results for "400"
showing 10 items of 1272 documents
A new paradigm for pattern classification: Nearest Border Techniques
2013
Published version of a chapter in the book: AI 2013: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03680-9_44 There are many paradigms for pattern classification. As opposed to these, this paper introduces a paradigm that has not been reported in the literature earlier, which we shall refer to as the Nearest Border (NB) paradigm. The philosophy for developing such a NB strategy is as follows: Given the training data set for each class, we shall first attempt to create borders for each individual class. After that, we advocate that testing is accomplished by assigning the test sample to the class whose border it lies closest to…
Genomic reaction norms inform predictions of plastic and adaptive responses to climate change
2022
Genomic reaction norms represent the range of gene expression phenotypes (usually mRNA transcript levels) expressed by a genotype along an environmental gradient. Reaction norms derived from common-garden experiments are powerful approaches for disentangling plastic and adaptive responses to environmental change in natural populations. By treating gene expression as a phenotype in itself, genomic reaction norms represent invaluable tools for exploring causal mechanisms underlying organismal responses to climate change across multiple levels of biodiversity. Our goal is to provide the context, framework and motivation for applying genomic reaction norms to study the responses of natural popu…
An alternative perspective on “semantic P600” effects in language comprehension
2008
Abstract The literature on the electrophysiology of language comprehension has recently seen a very prominent discussion of “semantic P600” effects, which have been observed, for example, in sentences involving an implausible thematic role assignment to an argument that would be a highly plausible filler for a different thematic role of the same verb. These findings have sparked a discussion about underlying properties of the language comprehension architecture, as they have generally been viewed as a challenge to established models of language processing and specifically to the notion that syntax precedes semantics in the comprehension process. In this paper, we review the literature on se…
A commentary on the Special Issue “Innovations in measuring and fostering mathematical modelling competencies”
2021
This is a commentary on the ESM 2021 Special Issue on Innovations in Measuring and Fostering Mathematical Modelling Competencies. We have grouped the ten studies into three themes: competencies, fostering, and measuring. The first theme and the papers therein provide a platform to discuss the cognitivist backgrounds to the different conceptualizations of mathematical modelling competencies, based on the modelling cycle. We suggest theoretical widening through a competence continuum and enriching of the modelling cycle with overarching, analytic dimensions for creativity, tool use, metacognition, and so forth. The second theme and the papers therein showcase innovative ideas on fostering an…
Education Students’ Use of Collaborative Writing Tools in Collectively Reflective Essay Papers
2014
Published version of an article in the journal: Journal of Information Technology Education: Research. Also available from the publisher at: http://www.jite.org/documents/Vol13/JITEv13ResearchP091-120Brodahl0463.pdf Open Access Google Docs and EtherPad are Web 2.0 tools providing opportunity for multiple users to work online on the same document consecutively or simultaneously. Over the last few years a number of research papers on the use of these collaborative tools in a teaching and learning environment have been published. This work builds on that of Brodahl, Hadjerrouit, and Hansen (2011) expanding its case study. The theoretical framework is the same as the one underlying Brodahl et a…
Collaborative writing with web 2.0 technologies: education students' perceptions
2011
Published version of an article from the journal: Journal of Information Technology Education. Also available from the publisher: http://jite.org/documents/Vol10/JITEv10IIPp073-103Brodahl948.pdf Executive Summary Web 2.0 technologies are becoming popular in teaching and learning environments. Among them several online collaborative writing tools, like wikis and blogs, have been integrated into educational settings. Research has been carried out on a wide range of subjects related to wikis, while other, comparable tools like Google Docs and EtherPad remain largely unexplored in the literature. This work presents a case study investigating education students' perceptions of collaborative writ…
Frequency-based ensemble forecasting model for time series forecasting
2022
AbstractThe M4 forecasting competition challenged the participants to forecast 100,000 time series with different frequencies: hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and yearly. These series come mainly from the economic, finance, demographics, and industrial areas. This paper describes the model used in the competition, which is a combination of statistical methods, namely auto-regressive integrated moving-average, exponential smoothing (ETS), bagged ETS, temporal hierarchical forecasting method, Box-Cox transformation, ARMA errors, Trend and Seasonal components (BATS), and Trigonometric seasonality BATS (TBATS). Forty-nine submissions were evaluated by the organizers and compared with…
Enhancing Attention’s Explanation Using Interpretable Tsetlin Machine
2022
Explainability is one of the key factors in Natural Language Processing (NLP) specially for legal documents, medical diagnosis, and clinical text. Attention mechanism has been a popular choice for such explainability recently by estimating the relative importance of input units. Recent research has revealed, however, that such processes tend to misidentify irrelevant input units when explaining them. This is due to the fact that language representation layers are initialized by pre-trained word embedding that is not context-dependent. Such a lack of context-dependent knowledge in the initial layer makes it difficult for the model to concentrate on the important aspects of input. Usually, th…
Doppler Shift Characterization of Wideband Mobile Radio Channels
2019
The prevailing approach for characterizing the Doppler shift (DS) of mobile radio channels assumes the transmission of an unmodulated carrier. This consideration is valid for the analysis of narrowband channels, but its pertinence is questionable in regards to the modeling of wideband channels. In this correspondence, we redefine the DS from a time-frequency analysis perspective that does not depend on the aforementioned assumption. We systematically demonstrate that the DS can be characterized by the instantaneous frequency of the channel transfer function. This generic definition makes evident a fundamental aspect of the DS that is seldom acknowledged, namely, the DS is a frequency-varyin…
Classes of sum-of-cisoids processes and their statistics for the modeling and simulation of mobile fading channels
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2013-125 Open access In this paper, we present a fundamental study on the stationarity and ergodicity of eight classes of sum-of-cisoids (SOC) processes for the modeling and simulation of frequency-nonselective mobile Rayleigh fading channels. The purpose of this study is to determine which classes of SOC models enable the design of channel simulators that accurately reproduce the channel’s statistical properties without demanding information on the time origin or the time-consuming computation of an ensemble ave…