Search results for "44"

showing 10 items of 1507 documents

Unveiling the Lewis Acid Catalyzed Diels–Alder Reactions Through the Molecular Electron Density Theory

2020

The effects of metal-based Lewis acid (LA) catalysts on the reaction rate and regioselectivity in polar Diels&ndash

Models MolecularReaction mechanismDieneChemistry OrganicMolecular ConformationNormal DistributionPharmaceutical ScienceElectrons010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical ChemistryCatalysisReaction ratelcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophilelcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryButadienesLewis acids and basesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLewis Acidsrelation mechanismCycloaddition Reactioncatalysis010405 organic chemistryOrganic Chemistrymolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivityLewis acid0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophileDiels–AlderSolventsMolecular MedicineQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsMolecules
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Understanding the Mechanism of the Intramolecular Stetter Reaction. A DFT Study

2012

The mechanism of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed intramolecular Stetter reaction of salicylaldehyde 1 to yield chromanone 3 has been theoretically studied at the B3LYP/6-31G** level. This NHC-catalyzed reaction takes place through six elementary steps, which involve: (i) formation of the Breslow intermediate IN2; (ii) an intramolecular Michael-Type addition in IN2 to form the new C-C s bond; and (iii) extrusion of the NHC catalyst from the Michael adduct to yield chromanone 3. Analysis of the relative free energies in toluene indicates that while formation of Breslow intermediate IN2 involves the rate-determining step of the catalytic process, the intramolecular Michael-type addi…

Models MolecularStereochemistryPharmaceutical Scienceintramolecular Stetter reactionDFT calculationsArticleCatalysisAnalytical ChemistryStereocenterCatalysislcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryHeterocyclic CompoundsDrug Discoveryintramolecular Michael additionorganocatalysisN-heterocyclic carbenesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrymechanismsChemistryOrganic ChemistryStetter reactionorganocatalysis; <em>N</em>-heterocyclic carbenes; <em>umpolung</em> reactivity; intramolecular Stetter reaction; intramolecular Michael addition; mechanisms; DFT calculationsSalicylaldehydeChemistry (miscellaneous)Yield (chemistry)OrganocatalysisIntramolecular forceumpolung reactivityMolecular MedicineCarbeneMethaneMolecules
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A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Chemoselectivity, Regioselectivity, and Diastereofacial Selectivity in the Synthesis of an Anticance…

2019

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of an &alpha

Models Molecular[3 + 2] cycloaddition reactionsDouble bondNitrilePharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic Agentsdiastereofacial selectivityArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryChemoselectivitychemistry.chemical_classificationCycloaddition ReactionMolecular StructureOrganic Chemistrymolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivityStereoisomerismIsoxazolesCycloadditionα-santoninchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)regioselectivitynitrile oxidesMolecular MedicineDensity functional theorySantoninDerivative (chemistry)Molecules
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A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Synthesis of Spirobipyrazolines through the Domino Reaction of Nitrilimines with Allenoates

2019

The reaction of diphenyl nitrilimine (NI) with methyl 1-methyl-allenoate yielding a spirobipyrazoline has been studied within molecular electron density theory (MEDT) at the MPWB1K/6-311G(d) computational level in dichloromethane. This reaction is a domino process that comprises two consecutive 32CA reactions with the formation of a pyrazoline intermediate. Analysis of the relative Gibbs free energies indicates that both 32CA reactions are highly regioselective, the first one being also completely chemoselective, in agreement with the experimental outcomes. The geometries of the TSs indicate that they are associated to asynchronous bond formation processes in which the shorter distance invo…

Models Molecular[3+2] cycloaddition reactionsMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical SciencePyrazoline010402 general chemistrynitrilimines7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesArticleallenoatesAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441symbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryNucleophileCascade reactionComputational chemistryDrug DiscoverySpiro CompoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDichloromethaneCycloaddition ReactionMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryChemistryNitrilimineOrganic Chemistrydomino reactionsmolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivityspirobipyrazolinesModels Theoretical0104 chemical sciencesGibbs free energyChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophilesymbolsMolecular MedicineIminesmolecular mechanismMolecules
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Annular Tautomerism of 3(5)-Disubstituted-1H-pyrazoles with Ester and Amide Groups

2019

A series of disubstituted 1H-pyrazoles with methyl (1), amino (2), and nitro (3) groups, as well as ester (a) or amide (b) groups in positions 3 and 5 was synthesized, and annular tautomerism was investigated using X-ray, theoretical calculations, NMR, and FT-IR methods. The X-ray experiment in the crystal state showed for the compounds with methyl (1a, 1b) and amino (2b) groups the tautomer with ester or amide groups at position 3 (tautomer 3), but for those with a nitro group (3b, 4), tautomer 5. Similar results were obtained in solution by NMR NOE experiments in CDCl3, DMSO-d6, and CD3OD solvents. However, tautomer equilibrium was observed for 2b in DMSO. The FT-IR spectra in chloroform …

Models MolecularconformationNICSMolecular ConformationSubstituentPharmaceutical SciencePyrazoleCrystallography X-RayDFTMedicinal chemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryX-raylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundtautomerlcsh:Organic chemistryAmideDrug DiscoveryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetonitrileNOEMolecular StructureHydrogen bondSpectrum AnalysisOrganic ChemistryEstersHydrogen BondingAromaticityModels TheoreticalAmidesTautomerpyrazoleFT-IRchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)NitroPyrazolesMolecular MedicineMolecules
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Isostructural Inorganic–Organic Piperazine-1,4-diium Chlorido- and Bromidoantimonate(III) Monohydrates: Octahedral Distortions and Hydrogen Bonds

2020

Halogenidoantimonate(III) monohydrates of the (C4H12N2)[SbX5]&middot

Models Molecularcrystal structureMaterials scienceHydrogenSurface PropertiesMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structurelow temperatureArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryDrug DiscoveryMoleculeHirshfeld surface analysisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructuralOrganic Chemicalsoctahedral distortionPiperazineHydrogen bondOrganic Chemistryhydrogen bondinginorganic–organic hybrid materialsCrystallographyOctahedronchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Inorganic ChemicalsMolecular MedicineWater of crystallizationhalogenidoantimonates(III)Monoclinic crystal systemMolecules
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Complexes of Glycolic Acid with Nitrogen Isolated in Argon Matrices. II. Vibrational Overtone Excitations

2019

Structural changes of glycolic acid (GA) complex with nitrogen induced by selective overtone excitation of the &nu

Models Molecularhydrogen bondMolecular StructureNitrogentechnology industry and agriculturematrix isolationVibrationcomputational chemistryArticlevibrational spectroscopyGlycolateslcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistrySpectroscopy Fourier Transform Infraredvibrational overtonesense organscarboxylic acidArgonskin and connective tissue diseasesMolecules
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Reaction of 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole with Diethyl Phosphite and Triethyl Orthoformate: Acid-Base Properties and Antiosteoporotic Activities of the Prod…

2017

The reaction of diethyl phosphite with triethyl orthoformate and a primary amine followed by hydrolysis is presented, and the reaction was suitable for the preparation of (aminomethylene)bisphosphonates. 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole was chosen as an interesting substrate for this reaction because it possesses multiple groups that can serve as the amino component in the reaction-namely, the side-chain and triazole amines. This substrate readily forms 1,2,4-triazolyl-3-yl-aminomethylenebisphosphonic acid (compound 1) as a major product, along with N-ethylated bisphosphonates as side products. The in vitro antiproliferative effects of the synthesized aminomethylenebisphosphonic acids against J774E m…

Models Molecularorganophosphorus chemistryPhosphitesBase (chemistry)FormatesTriazoleMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical ScienceOsteoclastsApoptosis010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisMicelcsh:Organic chemistryCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryAnimals3-Amino-124-triazolePhysical and Theoretical Chemistrycrystallographychemistry.chemical_classificationBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonates010405 organic chemistryChemistryCommunicationOrganic ChemistrySubstrate (chemistry)Triazolesthree-component reactionTriethyl orthoformateUV-Vis spectroscopyMagnetic Resonance Imaging0104 chemical sciencesP-containing drugstriazoleChemistry (miscellaneous)potentiometryaminomethylenebisphosponatesMolecular Medicineanti-proliferative activityAmine gas treatingpH-titrationbisphosphonic acidsMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)
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Structural and Molecular Characterization of meso-Substituted Zinc Porphyrins: A DFT Supported Study

2011

Structural parameters of a range of over 100 meso-substituted zinc porphyrins were reviewed and compared to show how far the nature of the functional group may affect the interatomic distances and bond angles within the porphyrin core. It was proved that even despite evident deformations of the molecular structure, involving twisting of the porphyrin's central plane, the coupled π-bonding system remains flexible and stable. DFT calculations were applied to a number of selected porphyrins representative for the reviewed compounds to emphasize the relevance of theoretical methods in structural investigations of complex macrocyclic molecular systems. Experimental and DFT-simulated IR spectral …

Models Molecularzinc porphyrins; molecular structure; DFT theoretical calculations; IR spectraPorphyrinsSpectrophotometry InfraredStereochemistrySurface PropertiesPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementInfrared spectroscopyContext (language use)molecular structureZincCrystallography X-RayVibrationArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundDFT theoretical calculationslcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug Discoveryzinc porphyrins molecular structure DFT theoretical calculations IR spectraSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMoleculeMoietyComputer SimulationPyrrolesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIR spectraOrganic ChemistryPorphyrinzinc porphyrinsZincMolecular geometrychemistryModels ChemicalChemistry (miscellaneous)Functional groupMicroscopy Electron ScanningMolecular MedicineQuantum TheoryMolecules
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Influence of Laccase and Tyrosinase on the Antioxidant Capacity of Selected Phenolic Compounds on Human Cell Lines

2015

Polyphenolic compounds affect the color, odor and taste of numerous food products of plant origin. In addition to the visual and gustatory properties, they serve as radical scavengers and have antioxidant effects. Polyphenols, especially resveratrol in red wine, have gained increasing scientific and public interest due to their presumptive beneficial impact on human health. Enzymatic oxidation of phenolic compounds takes place under the influence of polyphenol oxidases (PPO), including tyrosinase and laccase. Several studies have demonstrated the radical scavenger effect of plants, food products and individual polyphenols in vitro, but, apart from resveratrol, such impact has not been prove…

Monophenol MonooxygenasePlant Extracts530 PhysicsoxidationDPPH•food and beveragesantioxidant activitytyrosinase530 Physikcell culturesArticleAntioxidantsCell LinelaccaseFungal Proteinslcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryHumansOxidation-ReductionpolyphenolsMolecules
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