Search results for "45"
showing 10 items of 1896 documents
The role of physical activity and exercise in obesity and weight management: Time for critical appraisal
2016
The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased dramatically during last 3 decades with devastating consequences to public health. Recommended strategies to reduce obesity have focused on healthier diet and physical activity (PA). Clearly, these approaches have not been successful, but whether this is due to failure to restrict energy intake or to maintain high levels of energy expenditure has been the subject of great controversy. Consequently, there has been a great deal of confusion about the role of PA and exercise in obesity and weight management. In this article, the theoretical basis for considering reduced PA and energy expenditure as the cause of obesity is appraised. Furthe…
Chronic non-cancer pain in primary care: an Italian cross-sectional study
2021
Chronic non-cancer pain is a complex health condition that affects more than a quarter of the Italian population who mainly refers to general practitioners and primary care for their treatment. There are little information on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and types of treatments for these patients who suffer from chronic pain. The aim of the study was to provide epidemiological and clinical information about patients with chronic non-cancer pain who refers to GPs for their treatment. An observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study was carried out using retrospectively reviewed clinical records from 29 GPs. Some pharmacoeconomic aspects were also investigated. A total…
Inspiratory muscle training combined with pursed lip technique in women with chronic osbtructive pulmonary disease: a case study.
2020
Objective. To improve pulmonary function, exercise capacity and quality of life of two women with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Material and Methods. Study of two clinical cases, both women. An intervention of 8 weeks was performed, in which the patients performed 3 weekly sessions, of which 1 was performed with supervision of the physiotherapist and 2 sessions were performed at home. The treatment sessions consisted of inspiratory muscle training with an inspiratory threshold and controlled breathing exercises with the pursed lip technique. Results. Quality of life of both women improved at the end of the study. In the woman with severe COPD, Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (M…
Genotype-driven pharmacokinetic simulations of warfarin levels in Puerto Ricans.
2020
Abstract Objectives The inter-individual variability of warfarin dosing has been linked to genetic polymorphisms. This study was aimed at performing genotype-driven pharmacokinetic (PK) simulations to predict warfarin levels in Puerto Ricans. Methods Analysis of each individual dataset was performed by one-compartmental modeling using WinNonlin®v6.4. The k e of warfarin given a cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) genotype ranged from 0.0189 to 0.0075 h−1. K a and V d parameters were taken from literature. Data from 128 subjects were divided into two groups (i.e., wild-types and carriers) and statistical analyses of PK parameters were performed by unpaired t-tests. Results In the carrier group (n=6…
The effects of active vs. passive recovery on riding performance during a simulated motocross race
2021
Aims: Motocross consists of two races of 30 min with a break in between. Recovery between races is paramount to performance, this study aimed to compare the effects of active and passive recovery between motocross races on riding performance. Methods: Thirteen elite and non-elite racers performed two races of 30 min with 1 h break, twice with two-week interval. Between the races active (20 min ergometer cycling at 60% of HRmax) or passive recovery (no activity) were executed in a randomized order. Lap times, heart rate during riding, blood lactate, reaction time, handgrip strength, upper back pull strength, counter movement jump height, and medicine ball throw distance were measured before …
Predictors of nurses' attitudes and knowledge towards pain management in Italy. A cross-sectional study in the hospital settings.
2021
Abstract Introduction Pain is multidimensional, and as such it is the chief reason patients require urgent health care services. If inadequately assessed and untreated, pain may negatively impact on the quality of life of the patient. Pain management is an essential part of Nursing. The aim to this study is to examine the level of knowledge and attitudes with regard to pain among Italian nurses who work in clinical settings. Methods The Ferrell and McCaffery's Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain was distributed to 266 nurses employed in one specialized hospital in Rome, Italy. The staff in the survey work in three different settings: the intensive care unit, the sub-intensive care…
The Val432Leu polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene is associated with differences in estrogen metabolism and bone density.
2009
Polymorphisms of the CYP450 genes that encode for the enzymes that metabolize estrogen are linked to hormone-related cancers. We investigated the impact of two polymorphisms of the CYP1B1 gene previously reported to be associated with hormone-related disorders on estrogen metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD), another hormone-dependent condition, in women from different ethnic backgrounds. Four hundred sixty-eight postmenopausal Caucasian women, 220 from St. Louis, MO, USA (mean age=63.5+/-0.53 years) and 248 from Palermo, Italy (mean age=72.9+/-0.44 years) participated in the study. Measurements of urinary estrogen metabolites by enzyme-linked immunoassay, serum estradiol by ultrasensi…
Relationships between Heart Rate Variability, Sleep Duration, Cortisol and Physical Training in Young Athletes.
2021
The aims of the current study were to examine the relationships between heart rate variability (HRV), salivary cortisol, sleep duration and training in young athletes. Eight athletes (16 ± 1 years) were monitored for 7 weeks during training and competition seasons. Subjects were training for endurance-based winter sports (cross-country skiing and biathlon). Training was divided into two zones (K1, easy training and K2, hard training). Heart rate and blood lactate during submaximal running tests (SRT), as well as cortisol, sleep duration and nocturnal HRV (RMSSD), were determined every other week. HRV and cortisol levels were correlated throughout the 7-week period (r = -0.552, P = 0.01), wi…
Injury in elite women soccer and national women soccer in the lower extremity
2018
Purpose: Analyse the epidemiology of women's soccer harmful depending on the category of game. Materials and Methods: There were 26 participants (38 Super League and 32 National League women) with a mean age of 21.20 ± 4.64 years and body mass index (BMI) of 21.94 ± 1.79 kg/m2. There are several reasons why the health problems of the women’s soccer must be taken into account. Among these reasons, we think that the speed actions in this sport will have a great impact on the health of competitors. In addition, the women are more prone to overuse injuries due to the morphological characteristics. Results: Musculoskeletal injuries and pain were importance to women’s soccer of two levels. This w…
Improvement of knowledge and postural habits after an educational intervention program in school students
2019
To study the effect of an educational intervention programme concerning knowledge and postural habits for back health on a group of 10 to 11-year-old students. Two groups of 5th grade primary school students were selected. A control group (CG) (n=16), and an experimental group (EG) (n=16) who developed a back-health educational programme. A follow-up was carried out one month after the end of the intervention. The proposed educational intervention improved the results of both the knowledge and postural habits of the participants. The increase in the level of knowledge concerning health and back care in the daily lives of the EG (x̅=6.32) was significantly greater than that observed in the C…