Search results for "549"
showing 10 items of 376 documents
Environmental DNA analysis indicates that migration barriers are decreasing the occurrence of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in distance from the s…
2020
Abstract The European eel (Anguilla L.) is considered critically endangered by the IUCN Red List, and recruitment remains low. One of the challenges for the species today is migration barriers that limit their habitat. Along the Norwegian coast, like in other countries, the abundance of eels appears to decrease with distance from the sea. This pattern may be a result of factors like water temperature, water quality, competition, and habitat suitability and availability. This study aims to use environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis to investigate the potential relationship between migration barriers and the decreasing occurrence of eels in distance from the sea by the coast of southern Norway. Si…
How important is culture to understand political protest?
2021
Abstract The literature considers nonviolent protests among the most important predictors of transitions towards democracy and democratic reforms. This study addresses the conditionsmaking countries more likely to experience nonviolent instead of violent forms of protest. While the literature emphasizes economic and political predictors of protest at the country level, we expand the study of nonviolent-vs-violent protest by incorporating cultural predictors. To do so, we use a newly developed time-pooled cross-sectional database covering an established set of orientations from the World Values Survey, known as “emancipative values”. Estimating the prevalence of these values at the country l…
Euphosantianane A–D: Antiproliferative Premyrsinane Diterpenoids from the Endemic Egyptian Plant Euphorbia Sanctae-Catharinae
2018
Euphorbia species are rich in diterpenes. A solvent extraction of Euphorbia sanctae-catharinae, a species indigenous to the Southern Sinai of Egypt, afforded several premyrsinane diterpenoids (1&ndash
Plastic adjustments of biparental care behavior across embryonic development under elevated temperature in a marine ectotherm
2021
Abstract Phenotypic plasticity in parental care investment allows organisms to promptly respond to rapid environmental changes by potentially benefiting offspring survival and thus parental fitness. To date, a knowledge gap exists on whether plasticity in parental care behaviors can mediate responses to climate change in marine ectotherms. Here, we assessed the plasticity of parental care investment under elevated temperatures in a gonochoric marine annelid with biparental care, Ophryotrocha labronica, and investigated its role in maintaining the reproductive success of this species in a warming ocean. We measured the time individuals spent carrying out parental care activities across three…
Geographical and ecological outline of metal(loid) accumulating plants in Italian vascular flora
2018
The decontamination of heavy metal polluted soils is one of the major challenges that our industrialized world has to face. Remediation technologies are being developed and employed in order to reduce the potential hazards of metal and metalloid contamination. Plants capable of uptaking metals and metalloids in their tissues can be an effective tool to remove such pollutants from contaminated soils. The use of this plant-driven process (Phytoremediation) requires the knowledge of the right phytoextractors to use when facing different types of contamination. The aim of this paper is to provide an inventory of phytoextractors that can be used in Phytoremediation procedures in Italy. The check…
Ecological and human health risks appraisal of metal(loid)s in agricultural soils: a review
2019
Agriculture is one of the major human activities that changed the landforms, water resources and the biogeochemical cycles. Pollution of agricultural soilsby metal(loid)s is a serious and global hazard but worldwide studies related to metal(loid)s pollution in agricultural soils are very limited. To fulfil this gap, metal(loid)s content in agricultural soils from 2001 to 2019 all over the world was reviewed. Multivariate statistical techniques, contamination indices and human health risk assessment were determined for the metal(loid)s. Among the analysed metal(loid)s, the average contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, As and Ni exceeded the Canadian, and China soil guidelines limits. The results o…
Inglés contra valenciano. La introducción del multilingüismo en el sistema lingüístico educativo valenciano
2017
Aquest treball tracta sobre l’ús polític de les llengües i, singularment, centra l’atenció en el programa de plurilingüisme educatiu posat en marxa pel govern de la Generalitat Valenciana el 2012. Considerem que aquesta iniciativa obeïa una voluntat conscient del partit en el govern (PP) de minoritzar més encara el valencià davant el castellà, amb l’excusa de millorar el coneixement d’anglés. Ara bé, la iniciativa valenciana no és un fet aïllat, s’emmarca dins d’una proposta política d’àmbit estatal orientada a garantir la preeminència del castellà i debilitar le polítiques lingüístiques educatives favorables a les altres llengües espanyoles. Val a dir que fem el treball des de l'òptica com…
Establishing the relative importance of sympatric definitive hosts in the transmission of the sealworm, Pseudoterranova decipiens: a host-community a…
2001
The importance of a given host to a particular parasite can be determined according to three different criteria: host preference, host physiological suitability and host contribution to transmission. Most studies on the sealworm Pseudoterranova decipiens have focussed on the latter factor, but few attempts have been made to develop a quantitative transmission model evaluating the relative importance of each host. The purpose of this study was to propose a flow-chart model to study sealworm transmission within a seal community. The model was applied to hypothetical data of four seal species acting as definitive hosts of P. decipiens sensu stricto in eastern Canada: harp seal Phoca groenlandi…
Disparate movement behavior and feeding ecology in sympatric ecotypes of Atlantic cod
2021
Abstract Coexistence of ecotypes, genetically divergent population units, is a widespread phenomenon, potentially affecting ecosystem functioning and local food web stability. In coastal Skagerrak, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) occur as two such coexisting ecotypes. We applied a combination of acoustic telemetry, genotyping, and stable isotope analysis to 72 individuals to investigate movement ecology and food niche of putative local “Fjord” and putative oceanic “North Sea” ecotypes—thus named based on previous molecular studies. Genotyping and individual origin assignment suggested 41 individuals were Fjord and 31 were North Sea ecotypes. Both ecotypes were found throughout the fjord. Seven …
Proline-Based Allosteric Inhibitors of Zika and Dengue Virus NS2B/NS3 Proteases
2019
The NS2B/NS3 serine proteases of the Zika and Dengue flaviviruses are attractive targets for the development of antiviral drugs. We report the synthesis and evaluation of a new, proline-based compound class that displays allosteric inhibition of both proteases. The structural features relevant for protease binding and inhibition were determined to establish them as new lead compounds for flaviviral inhibitors. Based on our structure-activity relationship studies, the molecules were further optimized, leading to inhibitors with submicromolar IC50 values and improved lipophilic ligand efficiency. The allosteric binding site in the proteases was probed using mutagenesis and covalent modificati…