Search results for "54"

showing 10 items of 2200 documents

Determination of 129I/127I isotope ratios in liquid solutions and environmental soil samples by ICP-MS with hexapole collision cell

2003

The determination of I-129 in environmental samples at ultratrace levels is very difficult by ICP-MS due to a high noise caused by Xe impurities in argon plasma gas (interference of Xe-129(+)), possible (IH2+)-I-127 interference and an insufficient abundance ratio sensitivity of the ICP mass spectrometer for I-129/I-127 isotope ratio measurement. A sensitive, powerful and fast analytical technique for iodine isotope ratio measurements in aqueous solutions and contaminated soil samples directly without sample preparation using ICP-MS with a hexapole collision cell (ICP-CC-QMS) was developed. Oxygen is used as reaction and carrier gas for iodine thermal desorption via the gas phase from solid…

Detection limitArgonAnalytical chemistryThermal desorptionchemistry.chemical_elementMass spectrometryAnalytical ChemistryJchemistryImpurityDesorptionddc:540Sample preparationInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometrySpectroscopy
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Improvement of the detection limit for determination of 129I in sediments by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer with collision c…

2004

The previously developed sample introduction device for the hot extraction of iodine from environmental samples (soils or sediments) and on-line introduction of analyte via the gas phase in quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with hexapole collision cell (ICP-CC-QMS) was equipped with a cooling finger, which allowed intermediate iodine enrichment and improved the detection limits for I-129 down to 0.4 pg g(-1) without any additional sample preparation. A mixture of oxygen and helium as reaction gases in the hexapole collision cell was used for reducing the disturbing background intensity of Xe-129(+). Oxygen was also used as the carrier gas for iodine thermal desorption …

Detection limitChemistryAnalytical chemistryThermal desorptionchemistry.chemical_elementMass spectrometryJAnalytical Chemistryddc:540QuadrupoleSample preparationInductively coupled plasmaInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometrySpectroscopyHeliumJournal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
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Klimt artwork: red-pigment material investigation by backscattering Fe-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy, SEM and p-XRF

2017

Material tests were performed on a rediscovered Klimt-artwork "Trompetender Putto". We performed studies on the red colored spots, mainly taken from non-restored parts. MIMOS II Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy (novelty in art-pigment analysis) mainly reveals haematite and crystallized goethite in red colors. Electron microscopy can identify various layers of the original and overpainting of an artwork. The number of layers fluctuates between three and four chemically painted areas. The portable X-ray fluorescence analysis enables to reduce the pigment list to containing mercury (cinnabar), lead, zinc, iron and titanium. Infrared-light-irradiation visualizes the different age of the pigments.

Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | ChemieArcheologyGoethiteMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopepigmentsAnalytical chemistryinfra-red-light investigationchemistry.chemical_elementZinc01 natural sciencesKlimt: “Trompetender Putto”PigmentMaterialcharakterisierung0103 physical sciencesMössbauer spectroscopy0601 history and archaeologyddc:750lcsh:CC1-960010306 general physics060102 archaeologyTrompetender PuttoMössbauer spectroscopy06 humanities and the artsDewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste Bildende Kunst allgemein::750 | MalereiOverpaintingKlimt GustavDewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste Bildende Kunst allgemeinCinnabarchemistryPigmentvisual_artddc:540visual_art.visual_art_mediumddc:660lcsh:ArchaeologyX-ray fluorescence analysisddc:700660 Technische Chemiescanning electron microscopyTitanium
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High spatial resolution analysis of the iron oxidation state in silicate glasses using the electron probe

2018

The iron oxidation state in silicate melts is important for understanding their physical properties, although it is most often used to estimate the oxygen fugacity of magmatic systems. Often high spatial resolution analyses are required, yet the available techniques, such as μrXANES and μMössbauer, require synchrotron access. The flank method is an electron probe technique with the potential to measure Fe oxidation state at high spatial resolution but requires careful method development to reduce errors related to sample damage, especially for hydrous glasses. The intensity ratios derived from measurements on the flanks of FeLα and FeLβ X-rays (FeLβf/FeLαf) over a time interval (time-depend…

Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | ChemieMaterials science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesoxidationAnalytical chemistryreductionElectron010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesflank methodReduction (complexity)symbols.namesakeelectron beam damageGeochemistry and PetrologyOxidation stateElectron probe microanalysis (EPMA)High spatial resolutioniron (Fe) oxidation statesilicate glassSilicate glass0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeophysicsddc:540Raman spectroscopysymbolsRaman spectroscopy
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A snapshot of the transition from monogenetic volcanoes to composite volcanoes: Case study on the Wulanhada Volcanic Field (northern China)

2022

The transition processes from monogenetic volcanoes to composite volcanoes are poorly understood. The Late Pleistocene to Holocene intraplate monogenetic Wulanhada Volcanic Field (WVF) in northern China provides a snapshot of such a transition. Here we present petrographic observations, mineral chemistry, bulk rock major and trace element data, thermobarometry, and a partial melting model for the WVF to evaluate the lithology and partial melting degree of the mantle source, the crystallization conditions, and pre-eruptive magmatic processes occurring within the magma plumbing system. The far-field effect of India–Eurasia collision resulted in a relatively high degree (10 %–20 %) of partial …

Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | GeowissenschaftenDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | ChemieMagnesiaLithologyFeldsparddc:540ddc:550AlkalinityMelting
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Microscopic Origins of the Anomalous Melting Behavior of Sodium under High Pressure

2012

X-ray diffraction experiments have shown that sodium exhibits a dramatic pressure-induced drop in melting temperature, which extends from 1000 K at ~30 GPa to as low as room temperature at ~120 GPa. Despite significant theoretical effort to understand the anomalous melting, its origins are still debated. In this work, we reconstruct the sodium phase diagram by using an ab initio quality neural-network potential. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the reentrant behavior results from the screening of interionic interactions by conduction electrons, which at high pressure induces a softening in the short-range repulsion.

Diffraction10120 Department of ChemistryMaterials scienceSodiumDrop (liquid)Ab initioGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamics02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal conduction01 natural sciences3100 General Physics and Astronomychemistry0103 physical sciences540 Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySofteningPhase diagram
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A Novel High‐Pressure Tin Oxynitride Sn 2 N 2 O

2020

Chemistry - a European journal in Press(in Press), chem.201904529 (2019). doi:10.1002/chem.201904529

DiffractionBulk modulusSilicon oxynitride010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumGeneral ChemistryCrystal structure540010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundElectron diffractionddc:540Electronic band structureTinChemistry – A European Journal
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High-Pressure High-Temperature Stability and Thermal Equation of State of Zircon-Type Erbium Vanadate.

2018

Inorganic chemistry 57(21), 14005 - 14012 (2018). doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01808

DiffractionDYNAMICSEquation of statePhase boundaryThermodynamics02 engineering and technologyzircon010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesThermal expansionInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundX-RAY-DIFFRACTIONPhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryChemistryX-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DYNAMICS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology5400104 chemical scienceshigh pressureScheeliteX-ray crystallographyddc:5400210 nano-technologyZirconInorganic chemistry
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Three‐Component Self‐Assembly Changes its Course: A Leap from Simple Polymers to 3D Networks of Spherical Host–Guest Assemblies

2021

Angewandte Chemie / International edition 60(21), 12132 - 12142 (2021). doi:10.1002/anie.202103178

DiffractionMaterials science010402 general chemistryMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesCatalysisSelf‐AssemblyMetalcoordination networksResearch Articleschemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistrypentaphosphaferroceneflexible linkersGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyPolymermetallosupramolecular chemistry5400104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artYield (chemistry)ddc:540visual_art.visual_art_mediumSelf-assemblysupramoleculesResearch Article
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Local structure relaxation in nanosized tungstates

2014

Abstract The atomic structure of nanosized and microcrystalline tungstates MeWO 4 (Me=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), synthesized by co-precipitation technique, has been studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the W L 3 -edge and Co/Ni/Cu/Zn K-edges, x-ray diffraction, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. The distortion of metal–oxygen octahedra is caused by the electron–lattice coupling and is further enhanced in nanosized tungstates due to formation of the double tungsten–oxygen bonds at the nanoparticle surface.

DiffractionMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyInfraredRelaxation (NMR)NanoparticleGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographysymbols.namesakeMicrocrystallineOctahedronddc:540Materials ChemistrysymbolsRaman spectroscopy
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