Search results for "81"

Noticia de las fiestas que ha celebrado la ciudad del Puerto de Sta. Maria en la proclamacion del Sr. Rey D. Cárlos IV.

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Bosquejo de las fiestas con que la Ciudad de Valencia solemnizó la publicacion y juramento de la Constitucion política de la Monarquía española en lo…

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Noticia de la proclamacion del Señor Rey Don Carlos IV y de las fiestas con que la celebró la Villa de Moquegua, en el Reyno del Perú, Obispado de Ar…

Filets Text a 1 col. - Reclams Sign.: [ ]4

Simulation of mid-IR amplification in Er3+-doped chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber

2009

International audience; This paper deals with the design of an erbium doped microstructured optical fiber (MOF) amplifier operating in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength range, more precisely around 4.5 µm wavelength. A homemade numerical code which solves the rate equations and the power propagation equations has been ad hoc developed to theoretically investigate the feasibility of mid-IR MOF amplifier. On the basis of the measured energy level transition parameters of a Er3+-doped Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 chalcogenide glass, the amplifier feasibility is demonstrated exhibiting high gain and low noise figure.

Migratory connectivity of two Baltic Sea salmon populations: retrospective analysis using stable isotopes of scales

2013

Abstract Torniainen, J., Vuorinen, P. J., Jones, R. I., Keinänen, M., Palm, S., Vuori, K. A. M., and Kiljunen, M. 2014. Migratory connectivity of two Baltic Sea salmon populations: retrospective analysis using stable isotopes of scales. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: 336–344. Migratory connectivity refers to the extent to which individuals of a migratory population behave in unison, and has significant consequences for the ecology, evolution and conservation of migratory animals. We made a retrospective assessment of the migratory connectivity of River Simojoki and River Kymijoki populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. by using stable isotope analysis of archived scales to iden…

Network Physiology of Cortico–Muscular Interactions

2020

Skeletal muscle activity is continuously modulated across physiologic states to provide coordination, flexibility and responsiveness to body tasks and external inputs. Despite the central role the muscular system plays in facilitating vital body functions, the network of brain-muscle interactions required to control hundreds of muscles and synchronize their activation in relation to distinct physiologic states has not been investigated. Recent approaches have focused on general associations between individual brain rhythms and muscle activation during movement tasks. However, the specific forms of coupling, the functional network of cortico-muscular coordination, and how network structure a…

A New Systematic Series of Foil Sections with Parallel Sides

2020

Parallel-sided foil sections are used for centerboards and rudders in sailing dinghy classes and also for struts placed in a fluid flow. The objective of this work is to create a systematic series of parallel-sided sections to be used under different conditions, with an emphasis on the sailing dinghies 470, 420 and Optimist. The loss, and surprisingly the gain, in performance relative to 4-digit NACA sections are also investigated. A 2D Reynolds-averaged Navier&ndash

Trophic transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in a boreal lake ecosystem: Testing of bioaccumulation models

2013

Understanding the fate of persistent organic chemicals in the environment is fundamental information for the successful protection of ecosystems and humans. A common dilemma in risk assessment is that monitoring data reveals contaminant concentrations in wildlife, while the source concentrations, route of uptake and acceptable source concentrations remain unsolved. To overcome this problem, different models have been developed in order to obtain more precise risk estimates for the food webs. However, there is still an urgent need for studies combining modelled and measured data in order to verify the functionality of the models. Studies utilising field-collected data covering entire food we…

Life History Trade-Offs and Relaxed Selection Can Decrease Bacterial Virulence in Environmental Reservoirs

2012

Pathogen virulence is usually thought to evolve in reciprocal selection with the host. While this might be true for obligate pathogens, the life histories of opportunistic pathogens typically alternate between within-host and outside-host environments during the infection-transmission cycle. As a result, opportunistic pathogens are likely to experience conflicting selection pressures across different environments, and this could affect their virulence through life-history trait correlations. We studied these correlations experimentally by exposing an opportunistic bacterial pathogen Serratia marcescens to its natural protist predator Tetrahymena thermophila for 13 weeks, after which we meas…

Seasonal changes in predator community switch the direction of selection for prey defences

2014

Insect communities consist of aposematic species with efficient warning colours against predation, as well as abundant examples of crypsis. To understand such coexistence, we here report results from a field experiment where relative survival of artificial larvae, varying in conspicuousness, was estimated in natural bird communities over an entire season. This takes advantage of natural variation in the proportion of naive predators: naivety peaks when young birds have just fledged. We show that the relative benefit of warning signals and crypsis changes accordingly. When naive birds are rare (early and late in the season), conspicuous warning signals improve survival, but conspicuousness b…