Search results for "ABIOTIC"
showing 10 items of 201 documents
Sulfate transporters in the plant’s response to drought and salinity: regulation and possible functions
2014
International audience; Drought and salinity are two frequently combined abiotic stresses that affect plant growth, development, and crop productivity. Sulfate, and molecules derived from this anion such as glutathione, play important roles in the intrinsic responses of plants to such abiotic stresses. Therefore, understanding how plants facing environmental constraints re-equilibrate the flux of sulfate between and within different tissues might uncover perspectives for improving tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this review, we took advantage of genomics and post-genomics resources available in Arabidopsis thaliana and in the model legume species Medicago truncatula to highlight and …
Role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of Klebsormidium nitens: Identification and characterization of partners
2021
National audience; Nitric oxide (NO) is an important cellular signaling molecule across kingdoms. During bioticor abiotic stresses, NO burst is detected in both plants and mammals although no sequenceencoding the well described mammalian NO synthase (NOS) is highlighted in plants. Comparedto terrestrial plants, some algae present transcripts encoding the NOS-like enzyme. Amongthem, Klebsormidium nitens the model alga to study the early transition step from aquatic algaeto land plants is found. As mechanisms governing NO synthesis and signaling in green lineageremain unclear, the study of NOS from K. nitens (KnNOS) through (i) the identification ofregulator proteins, (ii) the identification …
Characterisation of NO synthases from the alga Klebsormidium nitens
2022
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important cellular signaling molecule regulating various physiological processes, in both animals and plants. In animals, NO synthesis is mainly catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS) enzymes. In plants, NOS-like activities sensitive to mammalian NOS inhibitors have been measured, although no sequences encoding mammalian NOS have been found in land plants. Interestingly, we identified NOS-like sequences in about twenty algae species. These latter include the filamentous Charophyta green algae Klebsormidium nitens, a biological model to study the early transition step from aquatic algae to land plants. Currently, two NOS were identified in K. nitens genome: i) KnNOS1 which po…
Identification and functional characterization of S-nitrosated proteins from Klebsormidium nitens, a model alga to study plant adaptation to land
2022
The small gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO) is well established as a major ubiquitous component of cell signalling. A key signalling mechanism mediating NO effects is S-nitrosation, a post-translational modification by which NO can impact the target protein activities, subcellular localizations, and capacities to form protein complexes. The identification of proteins targeted by NO is of major interest in order to elucidate NO functions. Interestingly, land plants lack NO synthase (NOS), which is the main enzyme for NO synthesis in metazoans, while a few algal species possess it, thus raising many interrogations. Therefore, we focused on the identification of S-nitrosated proteins during s…
Identification and functional characterization of S-nitrosated proteins from Klebsormidium nitens in response to salt stress
2023
The small gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO) is well established as a major ubiquitouscomponent of cell signalling. A key signalling mechanism mediating NO effects is Snitrosation, a post-translational modification by which NO can impact the target proteinactivities, subcellular localizations, and capacities to form protein complexes. The identificationof proteins targeted by NO is of major interest in order to elucidate NO functions. Interestingly,land plants lack NO synthase (NOS), which is the main enzyme for NO synthesis in metazoans,while a few algal species possess it, thus raising many interrogations. Therefore, we focused onthe identification of S-nitrosated proteins during salt str…
Passive sinking into the snow as possible survival strategy during the off-host stage in an insect ectoparasite
2015
Abiotic and biotic factors determine success or failure of individual organisms, populations and species. The early life stages are often the most vulnerable to heavy mortality due to environmental conditions. The deer ked (Lipoptena cervi Linnaeus, 1758) is an invasive insect ectoparasite of cervids that spends an important period of the life cycle outside host as immobile pupa. During winter, dark-coloured pupae drop off the host onto the snow, where they are exposed to environmental temperature variation and predation as long as the new snowfall provides shelter against these mortality factors. The other possible option is to passively sink into the snow, which is aided by morphology of …
Iodine Biofortification and Seaweed Extract-Based Biostimulant Supply Interactively Drive the Yield, Quality, and Functional Traits in Strawberry Fru…
2023
The horticultural sector is seeking innovative and sustainable agronomic practices which could lead to enhanced yield and product quality. Currently, plant biofortification is recognized as a valuable technique to improve microelement concentrations in plant tissues. Among trace elements, iodine (I) is an essential microelement for human nutrition. Concomitantly, the application of biostimulants may improve overall plant production and quality traits. With the above background in mind, an experiment was designed with the aim of assessing the interactive impact of a seaweed extract-based biostimulant (SwE) (0 mL L−1 (served as control) or 3 mL L−1 (optimal dosage)) and 0, 100, 30…
The biomass of algae and algal extracts in agricultural production
2018
Fertilizers and plant growth regulators (PGRs) based on seaweeds are commonly known, having been produced and utilized for dozens of years. Algae are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, minerals and chemical compounds that belong mainly to the following groups: polysaccharides, polyphenols, phlorotannins, plant pigments, unsaturated fatty acids, sterols and plant hormones. Agricultural formulations containing algal extracts stimulate the growth and yielding of plants in a very efficient way because of their action at low concentrations. Concentrations of phytohormones depend mainly on the botanical origin of the obtained biomass, the time and place of its collection and the method of extractio…
Identification of Stress Associated microRNAs in
2019
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important crops around the world and also a model plant to study response to stress. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyse the microRNA (miRNA) profile of tomato plants undergoing five biotic and abiotic stress conditions (drought, heat, P. syringae infection, B. cinerea infection, and herbivore insect attack with Leptinotarsa decemlineata larvae) and one chemical treatment with a plant defence inducer, hexanoic acid. We identified 104 conserved miRNAs belonging to 37 families and we predicted 61 novel tomato miRNAs. Among those 165 miRNAs, 41 were stress-responsive. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to valida…
Cultivation and biochemical characterization of isolated Sicilian microalgal species in salt and temperature stress conditions
2021
Abstract In the last years, the possibility to exploit autochthone microalgae in regional applications has been explored. The regional-based microalgal industry may bring several benefits, as autochthone microalgae are already adapted to the biotic and abiotic stresses of their environment. In this work, this concept was applied to Sicily, in which three microalgal strains were collected from the coastline. Monoalgal strains were then isolated and molecular characterization was performed for the species determination. Three of them, two strains of Chlorella and one of Dunaliella, were cultivated in lab-scale in four different conditions: Low Temperature-Low Salt (LT-LS), High-Temperature-Lo…