Search results for "ACID"
showing 10 items of 13107 documents
Should we measure routinely oxidised and atherogenic dense low-density lipoproteins in subjects with type 2 diabetes?
2010
Beyond low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations, in recent years, several clinical studies have shown that both oxidised and small, dense LDL have a strong predictive role for the presence of vascular atherosclerosis. These two lipid parameters seem to have a synergistic impact on cardiovascular risk, with a greater importance in patients at higher-risk, such as those with type-2 diabetes. Increased levels of oxidised and small, dense LDL levels are a feature of diabetic dyslipidaemia, and small, dense LDL have been shown to be a good predictor of future cardiovascular events, at both univariate and multivariate analyses. On the other hand, although the association of oxidis…
Multicentre randomized placebo-controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid with or without colchicine in symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis
2000
Aim: To establish the efficacy of combination therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and colchicine in patients with symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), defined by the presence of liver cirrhosis, pruritus or bilirubin exceeding 2 mg/mL. Methods: A total of 90 patients were randomly assigned to ursodeoxycholic acid 500 mg/daily plus placebo (UDCA group, n=44), or ursodeoxycholic acid at the same dosage plus colchicine, 1 mg/daily (UDCA/C group, n=46). The two groups were comparable for age, sex, stage of disease, severity of pruritus, bilirubin, and Mayo score. All patients underwent clinical, ultrasonographic, and biochemical examinations at entry and then every 6 months up to 3…
Complement activation by oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins
1999
Background Oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and are found in human vascular lesions. There is increasing evidence that complement activation may also play a role in atherogenesis. Activated complement proteins have been demonstrated to be present in early atherosclerotic lesions, and lipids isolated from lesions have been shown to activate complement, hence their designation as lesion complement activator (LCA). The question now arose whether oxidized LDLs would also activate complement. Material and methods The complement-activating capacity of a lesion complement activator preparation and of minimally as well …
Recent advances on stearoyl-Coa desaturase regulation in fatty liver diseases.
2012
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) is a delta-9 fatty acid desaturase that catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Indeed, SCD-1 is the critical control point regulating hepatic lipogenesis and lipid oxidation. Due to its central role in lipid metabolism in the liver, recent studies have focused on the involvement of SCD-1 in the development of fatty liver during obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, excessive alcohol consumption, and in subjects with high triglyceride blood concentrations. The accumulation of fat in liver cells can be a sign that harmful conditions are developing, possibly associated with or leading to inflammation of the liver. This review evaluates the…
Effect of the stable prostacyclin analogue iloprost on water and electrolyte transfer of the rat ileum and colon in vivo.
1988
The effect of iloprost on water and ion transfer was measured simultaneously in tied-off loops of the rat ileum and colon in vivo. (1) In the ileal loops iloprost had no effect on water and ion transfer neither by intraluminal, nor intraaortal or intravenous application. (2) In the colonic loops only intraaortal bolus application of the high dose of 500 micrograms iloprost significantly decreased net water, sodium and chloride absorption, but did not induce net secretion. (3) Inhibition of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin did not change net water and electrolyte transfer in the ileum and colon. (4) Under this pretreatment i.v.-application of 100 micrograms iloprost, ineffe…
Intestinal filtration as a consequence of increased mucosal hydraulic permeability
1980
Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the secretory action of laxative compounds in the intestine: 1. increase of the intracellular amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate due to stimulation of the adenylate cyclase system and 2. inhibition of intestinal transfer processes, in particular the Na,K-ATPase activated sodium absorption. In a set of in vivo and in vitro experiments in rat colon it could be demonstrated that dihydroxy bile acids (deoxycholate) and diphenolic laxatives (oxyphenisatin) enhance the hydraulic permeability of the mucosal tissue. The permeability changes take place--and there is good experimental evidence--at the zonulae occludentes which bind the epithelial cel…
Bladder augmentation and urinary diversion in patients with neurogenic bladder: Non-surgical considerations
2011
Segments from almost all parts of the bowel have been used for urinary diversion. As a result, the available absorptive surface area of the bowel is reduced, and the incorporation of bowel segments into the urinary tract may have metabolic consequences. This is an area somewhat neglected in the literature. Metabolic complications are rare, but sub-clinical metabolic disturbances are quite common. Several studies have demonstrated that some of the absorbent and secreting properties of the bowel tissue are preserved after incorporation into the urinary tract. Hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis can occur if ileal and/or colon segments are used, as well as malabsorption of vitamin B(12) and bil…
The use of combination therapy with 20% glycolic acid and fractional mesotherapy to reduce acne scars: a case repor
2019
Background: Acne scars are a common problem for those suffering from acne vulgaris. They may result in low self-esteem, especially if located in visible places such as the face. They may even impede normal societal functioning and withdrawal from the environment. Aim of the study: To investigate the effects of 20% glycol acid and fractional mesotherapy on the reduction of acne scars. Material and methods: We used interviews, case analysis and assessment of the effects of glycolic acid treatment and fractional mesotherapy on a 33-year-old female patient who experienced severe phlegmonosa acne. Case report: This 33-year-old female patient was struggling with acne at age 29. Purulent cysts wer…
Treat-to-target versus dose-adapted statin treatment of cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular risk
2015
Clinical guidelines should be based on the best available evidence and are of great importance for patient care and disease prevention. In this respect, the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association report is highly appreciated and well-recognized. The report included critical questions concerning hypercholesterolaemia, but its translation into a clinical guideline initiated intense debate worldwide because of the recommendation to switch from a treat-to-target approach for low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol to a statin dose-based strategy.
Antibiotic prescription in the treatment of odontogenic infection by health professionals: a factor to consensus
2011
Objective: To observe the attitude of dentists and family doctors in prescribing antibiotics for the treatment of dental infections. Study Design: A poll was performed to determine the differences in the prescription of antibiotics for the treatment of odontogenic infection by dentists and family doctors of the primary care department of the Catalan Health Care Service. Results: A hundred polls were distributed among family doctors, and another 100 ones among primary care dentists assigned to the Catalan Health Care Service of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Of the total of questionnaires distributed, 63 were retuned and answered from dentists and 71 from family doctors. Eighty-one percent of…