Search results for "ADULT"
showing 10 items of 17453 documents
Working Memory, Jumping to Conclusions and Emotion Recognition: a Possible Link in First Episode Psychosis (Fep)
2015
Introduction A large body of literature has demonstrated that people affected by psychotic disorders show deficits in working memory, in Emotion Recognition (ER) and in data-gathering to reach a decision (Jumping To Conclusions – JTC). Aims To investigate a possible correlation between working memory, JTC and ER in FEP. Methods 41 patients and 89 healthy controls completed assessments of working memory using WAIS shortened version, JTC using the 60:40 Beads Task and ER using Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task. Results According to the literature, cases had poorer performance in working memory tasks (Digit Span: μ7,72 [ds=2,98] vs μ10,14 [ds=3,10], U=865,00, p=0,00; Digit Symbol: μ5,36 …
Management of Lemierre Syndrome.
2022
Lemierre Syndrome is a rare form of septic thrombophlebitis of the head and neck veins, most typically of the internal jugular vein, which affects otherwise healthy adolescents and young adults after an oropharyngitis or other local infection. It is characterized by multiple septic embolization. Despite treatment, Lemierre Syndrome displays a high rate of in-hospital complications that include thrombus progression and a new peripheral septic embolization; moreover, it can be fatal or cause disabling sequelae. The mainstay of the treatment is antibiotic therapy; anticoagulation is often used, but its role is controversial. Surgical treatment is often necessary in case of peripheral septic le…
Reactive Response and Adaptive Modifications in Dynamic Stability to Changes in Lower Limb Dynamics in the Elderly while Walking
2011
The aim of this study was to examine the reactive responses and adaptive modifications in dynamic stability resulting from a unilateral change in lower limb dynamics in older and younger adults while walking. Eleven older (62- 76yrs) and eleven younger (22-30yrs) subjects walked on a treadmill and performed different gait conditions using an external resistance against lower limb movement. The margin of stability (MoS) at touchdown was calculated as the difference between base of support (BoS) and extrapolated centre of mass. After the resistance was turned on unexpectedly, older adults needed more steps to get back to the MoS baseline level due to a lower increase of the BoS. In the follow…
Incidence of mandibular fractures in eastern Libya
2009
The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the incidence of mandibular fractures in the eastern part of Libya and to present our experience in treating this type of facial fracture. We analyzed factors such as the incidence of age, sex, time distribution, cause and site of the fracture and the associated injuries in 493 patients presenting a total of 666 mandibular fractures. These patients were treated at Al-Jala Trauma Hospital, Benghazi-Libya between 2000 and 2006. The results were obtained from 432 males and 61 females, for which the ages ranged from 8 months to 72 years. The maximum number of the patients was recorded in 2004, and the busiest month was May. The most commo…
Clinical research focused in European adult women with minority diseases: Do we try hard enough?
2021
We analyzed the European countries participation in clinical trials addressing to new drug development focused on rare diseases in women comparing to more prevalent diseases as breast cancer. Participation was not associated with type of healthcare system neither socio-economic features, but it was associated with population size. Protocol ratios focused on breast cancer vs. orphan drugs and rare diseases was 15:1 and 9:1, respectively, mainly focused on ovarian cancer. Protocol number was insufficient to evaluate the success of Regulation (EC) 141/2000, it is necessary to increase the scientific quality and the number of really new molecules.
Systematic review and meta-analysis found that malnutrition was associated with poor cognitive development
2021
Aim: Malnutrition is a major public health issue that has been associated with high susceptibility for impaired brain development and mental functioning. However, to date studies on this topic have not been collated and appraised. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between malnutrition and cognitive development. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases in English up to 8 December 2020. All studies reporting an association between nutritional status and cognitive development were included. p values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant and the results are reported as standardised …
Prenatal testosterone of progenitors could be involved in the etiology of both anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorders of their offspring
2014
Objectives High intrauterine testosterone (T) levels seem to play a role in the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but their role in anorexia nervosa (AN) is controversial. Parents with masculinized 2D:4D ratios, a marker of the organizational effects of T, may have other relevant biological characteristics, in particular exposing their offspring to high T levels in the prenatal environment. This would increase the likelihood of their offspring developing these disorders. Methods The present study examined whether parents of offspring with AN (n=34; mean age= 51) and ASD (n=36; mean age=45) differ from control parents (n=40; mean age=43) in 2D:4D ratio, as well as by salivary …
Resistance exercise-induced hormonal response under the influence of delayed onset muscle soreness in men and boys
2010
It was hypothesized that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD)-related alterations in hormonal responses could be observed if a second exercise bout is performed soon after an identical unaccustomed bout leading to delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Eight men (31 ± 7 years) and eight boys (14 ± 0 years) performed two exercise bouts (E1 and E2, with 48 h rest in between) consisting of three sets of bilateral knee extensions until exhaustion with 40% load. No differences between the groups or bouts were observed in the number of repetitions performed and maximal isometric force decline, or between groups in serum creatine kinase activity and DOMS. Decreased peak epinephrine (EPI) (-38%), g…
Vaccination Coverage Increase among Adolescent and Young Adults of the Palermo District (Italy) as a Result of a Public Health Strategy to Contrast a…
2018
During summer 2016 in the District of Palermo, Italy, the rapid succession of four cases of invasive meningococcal disease among young adults, with one death, have had an extraordinary emphasis by Local and National mass media. The resultant “epidemic of panic” among general population overloaded vaccination Units of the Palermo District during following months. Strategies implemented by Sicilian and Local Public Health Authorities to counteract “meningitis fear” were: a) extension of active and free of charge anti-meningococcal tetravalent vaccination from age class 12–18 to 12–30 years old; b) implementation of vaccination units …
Gingival recession: prevalence and risk indicators among young greek adults
2014
Objectives: The aim of the current research was to assess the prevalence of gingival recession and to investigate possible associations among this condition, periodontal and epidemiological variables in a sample of young Greek adults in a general dental practice. Material and Methods: A total of 1,430 young adults was examined clinically and interviewed regarding several periodontal and epidemiological variables. Collected data included demographic variables, oral hygiene habits and smoking status. Clinical examination included the recording of dental plaque, supragingival calculus presence, gingival status and buccal gingival recession. Multivariate logistic regression analysis model was p…