Search results for "AEROSOL"

Serological and molecular identification of Legionella spp. isolated from water and surrounding air samples in Italian healthcare facilities

2016

Abstract Background Legionella is an intracellular microorganism living in natural and artificial aquatic environments. Although its transmission to humans is linked to the inhalation of contaminated aerosols, there is no validated air sampling method for the control and prevention of the disease. The aim of the present study was to provide more information on the distribution of Legionella spp. in indoor environments and to determine whether the same Legionella strains are isolated from air and water samples. Methods Ten healthcare facilities located in seven regions of Italy were enrolled. The serological typing of Legionella spp. from water samples and the surrounding air by active and p…

Particle chemical properties in the vertical column based on aircraft observations in the vicinity of Cape Verde Islands

2011

During the second Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment (SAMUM-2) field campaign, particles with geometric diameters (d) between ∼0.1 and 25 μm were collected on board of the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Center, DLR) Falcon aircraft. Size, chemical composition and mixing state of aerosols sampled (spatially and vertically resolved) along the West African coastline and in the Cape Verde Islands region were determined by electron microscopy. A pronounced layer structure of biomass-burning aerosol and desert dust was present for all days during the sampling period from 23 January to 6 February. The aerosol composition of the small particles (d < 0.5 μm) was highly v…

Conservazione di legature erratiche dell'archivio storico diocesano di Palermo: monitoraggio ambientale e microbico

2010

Comparison of Exposure Techniques and Vitality Assessment of Mosses in Active Biomonitoring for Their Suitability in Assessing Heavy Metal Pollution …

2021

The most widespread and used technique is the moss-bag method in active biomonitoring of air pollution using mosses. In the literature, we can find various studies on the standardization of this method, including attempts to standardize treatments and preparation procedures for their universal application. Few works comprehensively focus on other methods or compare other techniques used in active biomonitoring with mosses, especially including measurements of their vital parameters. Our experiment aimed to assess air pollution by selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Fe, and Hg) using three moss species (Pleurozium schreberi, Sphagnum fallax, and Dicranum polysetum) during a 12-week ex…

Solar radiative effects of a Saharan dust plume observed during SAMUM assuming spheroidal model particles

2011

The solar optical properties of Saharan mineral dust observed during the Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment (SAMUM) were explored based on measured size-number distributions and chemical composition. The size-resolved complex refractive index of the dust was derived with real parts of 1.51–1.55 and imaginary parts of 0.0008–0.006 at 550 nm wavelength. At this spectral range a single scattering albedo ω o and an asymmetry parameter g of about 0.8 were derived. These values were largely determined by the presence of coarse particles. Backscatter coefficients and lidar ratios calculated with Mie theory (spherical particles) were not found to be in agreement with independently measured lidar data.…

Propuesta de monitorización integral de la calidad ambiental del interior de la Iglesia de los Santos Juanes de Valencia

2020

Para la correcta conservación de los bienes de interés cultural (BIC), debe existir una óptima calidad ambiental interior. La monitorización de esta calidad ambiental, tradicionalmente, incluye el estudio de la humedad y la temperatura de los espacios interiores ya que es bien conocido que sus valores elevados y fluctuaciones rápidas pueden alterar los materiales constitutivos de las obras de arte. Sin embargo, hay muchos otros parámetros que se deben estudiar para tener una visión completa de los riesgos potenciales relacionados con ambientes patrimoniales. En este trabajo, planteamos la importancia de una monitorización integral sistemática de la calidad ambiental de un bien patrimonial q…

Realization of polyaspartamide-based nanoparticles and in vivo lung biodistribution evaluation of a loaded gucocorticoid after aerosolization in mice

2016

Abstract In this study, novel polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were developed and their potential as carriers for beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) into the lung after aerosolization was demonstrated by in vivo studies in mice. In particular, these NPs were obtained starting from two polyaspartamide-based copolymers which were synthesized by chemical reaction of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)- dl -aspartamide (PHEA) and its pegylated derivative (PHEA-PEG2000) with poly(lactic acid) (PLA). To obtain nanosized particles, the high pressure homogenization (HPH)—solvent evaporation method was followed by using an organic phase containing both PHEA-PLA and PHEA-PEG2000-PLA (at a weight ratio equal to 1:…

Aerosolization Performance of Jet Nebulizers and Biopharmaceutical Aspects

2019

In this work, 13 jet nebulizers, some of which in different configurations, were investigated in order to identify the biopharmaceutical constraints related to the quality attributes of the medicinal products, which affect their safety, efficiency, compliance, and effectiveness. The aerosolization parameters, including the aerosol output, aerosol output rate, mass median aerodynamic diameter, and fine particle fraction, were determined according to the European Standard EN 13544-1, using sodium fluoride as a reference formulation. A comparison between the aerosol output nebulization time and the fine particle fraction displayed a correlation between the aerosol quality and the nebulization …

Dekongestantu aprite Rīgas aptiekās

2017

Mūsdienas rinīts un alerģijas skar lielako daļu pasaules iedzīvotaju. Pie rinīta formu ārstēšanas un terapijas, tiek plaši pielietoti dekongestantu preparāti, kas samazina deguna gļotādas tūsku, izraisot asinsvadu sašaurināšanos. Šī darba mērķis bija analizēt dekongestantu preparātu apgrozījumu trīs Rīgas aptiekās laikā periodā 01.02.2016 līdz 30.01.2017, un noteikt dekongestantu preparātu apgrozījuma raditājus. Ar anketēšanas palīdzību tika noskaidrotas pacientu zināšanas par dekongestantu preparātiem un to kādi ir galvenie izvēles kritēriji, izvēloties dekongestanta preparātu. Tika konstatēts, ka 50% no aptaujātajiem respondentie, kuri lieto dekongestanta preparātus, nav informēti par to …

The effects of antimicrobial sprays and mouthrinses on supragingival plaque regrowth: a comparative study.

2006

BACKGROUND: Due to the side effects of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) mouthrinsing, a spray has been proposed as an alternative method of CHX delivery to the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the plaque inhibitory effects of CHX, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and triclosan (TRN) delivered by sprays and mouthrinses. METHODS: The study was an observer-masked, randomized cross-over design balanced for carryover effects, involving 15 healthy volunteers in a 4-day plaque regrowth model. Products being tested (0.2% CHX, 0.12% CHX, 0.05% CPC, and 0.03% TRN) were used both as sprays and mouthrinses. A saline solution served as a negative control. On day 1, subjects received p…