Search results for "AGE DISTRIBUTION"
showing 10 items of 215 documents
Psychometric evaluation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener GAD-7, based on a large German general population sample.
2017
Abstract Background The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scales GAD-7 and GAD-2 are instruments for the assessment of anxiety. The aims of this study are to test psychometric properties of these questionnaires, to provide normative values, and to investigate associations with sociodemographic factors, quality of life, psychological variables, and behavioral factors. Methods A German community sample (n=9721) with an age range of 18–80 years was surveyed using the GAD-7 and several other questionnaires. Results Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the unidimensionality and measurement invariance of the GAD-7 across age and gender. Females were more anxious than males (mean scores: M=4.07 vs. M…
Nurses' perceptions of the benefits and adverse effects of hand disinfection: alcohol-based hand rubs vs. hygienic handwashing: a multicentre questio…
2008
Summary Background Nurses have a high risk of developing hand eczema due to hand disinfection procedures. Objectives To investigate the perception of nurses regarding the adverse effects of hand washing (HW) and alcoholic disinfection (ADI), and to obtain data on the prevalence of hand dermatitis and sensitization to alcohols and alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHRs). Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey, carried out as a pilot study (PS), followed by a modified multicentre study (MC) in five hospitals. Patch tests to ethanol (80%), 1-propanol (60%), 2-propanol (70%) and ABHRs were performed in a subsample. Results The majority (PS 60·1%; MC 69·5%) of nurses considered ADI to be m…
Distribution and categorization of left ventricular measurements in the general population: results from the population-based Gutenberg Heart Study.
2010
Background— Echocardiography, the dominant imaging modality for quantification of left ventricular metrics, has undergone continuing development in the past few decades. However, given the lack of population-based data, current guidelines are still based on restricted and small data sets analyzed with methods including expert opinion. This work presents empirically derived reference values from a large-scale, epidemiologic study conducted with state-of-the-art imaging technology and methods. Methods and Results— The distribution of echocardiographic measurements of the left ventricle was analyzed in a population-based sample of 5000 mid-Europeans from the Gutenberg Heart Study in Germany. …
Prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis in the city of Monreale, Italy
1997
The prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the city of Monreale, southern Italy were ascertained 10 years after a preliminary study in the same area. The study was undertaken in a population of 26,256 people. The patients were classified according to Poser’s criteria. The prevalence of MS on 31 December 1991 was 72.4 per 100,000 population. The incidence of MS for the period 1981–1991 was 3.3/100,000 per year. The mean period between onset and diagnosis of MS was 4.9 years for those patients found during this survey and 9.2 years for those in the first study. This study shows an increase of MS prevalence in Monreale city and a high incidence. The findings parallel the reduct…
High Prevalence and Fast Rising Incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in Caltanissetta, Sicily, Southern Italy
2006
<i>Background:</i> Epidemiological studies conducted in Sicily and Sardinia, the two major Mediterranean islands, showed elevated incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS)and a recent increase in disease frequency. <i>Objective:</i> To confirm the central highlands of Sicily as areas of increasing MS prevalence and elevated incidence, we performed a follow-up study based on the town of Caltanissetta (Sicily), southern Italy. <i>Methods:</i> We made a formal diagnostic reappraisal of all living patients found in the previous study performed in 1981. All possible information sources were used to search for patients affected by MS diagnosed accordi…
Declining exposures to lead and cadmium contribute to explaining the reduction of cardiovascular mortality in the US population, 1988-2004.
2017
Background Lead and cadmium exposures have markedly declined in the USA following the implementation of large-scale public health policies and could have contributed to the unexplained decline in cardiovascular mortality in US adults. We evaluated the potential contribution of lead and cadmium exposure reductions to explain decreasing cardiovascular mortality trends occurring in the USA from 1988-94 to 1999-2004. Methods Prospective study in 15 421 adults ≥40 years old who had participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988-94 or 1999-2004. We estimated the amount of change in cardiovascular mortality over time that can be independently attributed to the intermedia…
Recent Trends in Survival of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer in Germany and the United States
2016
Objectives Survival improvement for pancreatic cancer has not been observed in the last 4 decades. We report the most up-to-date population-based relative survival (RS) estimates and recent trends in Germany and the United States. Methods Data for patients diagnosed in 1997 to 2010 and followed up to 2010 were drawn from 12 population-based German cancer registries and the US SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) 13 registries database. Using period analysis, 5-year RS for 2007 to 2010 was derived. Model-based period analysis was used to assess 5-year RS time trends, 2002-2010. Results In total 28,977 (Germany) and 34,793 (United States) patients aged 15 to 74 years were analyze…
Prevalence of tension-type headache in adult general population: the PACE study and review of the literature
2013
The mean global prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH) in adult is 42 %. To date, there have been no Italian studies on TTH prevalence in the adult general population. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study, called PACE (PArma CEfalea, or "Headache in Parma"), aimed at detecting the prevalence and clinical features of primary headaches in the city of Parma's adult general population. Crude past-year prevalence for definite TTH was 19.4 % (95 % CI 16.8-21.9), namely 9.0 % (95 % CI 7.1-10.8) for infrequent TTH, 9.8 % (95 % CI 7.9-11.8) for frequent TTH, and 0.6 % (95 % CI 0.1-1) for chronic TTH. Crude prevalence for probable TTH was 2.3 % (95 % CI 1.3-3.3). Our study results indic…
Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in adult and elderly subjects. The Casteldaccia Eye Study
2003
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in subjects aged 40 years or older living in Casteldaccia, Sicily. METHODS: A population-based survey was performed on 1,588 subjects randomly enrolled among people aged 40 years or older. A total of 1,068 persons could be examined and in 1,019 the fundus of the eye was adequately observed (64.2% of the enrolled population). Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by ophthalmoscopy and fundus photographs; fluorescein angiography was performed in 91% of retinopathic subjects. In addition, a case-control study was carried out in order to demonstrate the association of diabetic retinopathy with a number of variables. RE…
Improvements achieved in an oocyte donation program over a 10-year period: sequential increase in implantation and pregnancy rates and decrease in hi…
2006
Objective To compare outcome parameters and cumulative pregnancy rates (PRs) in oocyte donation cycles over a period of 10 years. Design Retrospective study. Setting University-affiliated assisted reproductive technology program. Patient(s) Women undergoing oocyte donation (10,537 cycles) between 1995 and 2005. Intervention(s) Ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval in donors. Embryo transfer performed in recipients after endometrial preparation. Main Outcome Measure(s) Outcome parameters and cumulative PRs were calculated and compared in relation to indication, age, and origin of sperm used. Result(s) Overall PR, implantation rate, clinical PR, and miscarriage rate per embryo transfer per…