Search results for "AGENT"
showing 10 items of 8904 documents
Reducing the initial number of rituximab maintenance-therapy infusions for ANCA-associated vasculitides: randomized-trial post-hoc analysis
2020
AbstractObjectiveThe randomized, controlled MAINRITSAN2 trial was designed to compare the capacity of an individually tailored therapy [randomization day 0 (D0)], with reinfusion only when CD19+ lymphocytes or ANCA had reappeared, or if the latter’s titre rose markedly, with that of five fixed-schedule 500-mg rituximab infusions [D0 + D14, then months (M) 6, 12 and 18] to maintain ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) remissions. Relapse rates did not differ at M28. This ancillary study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of omitting the D14 rituximab infusion on AAV relapse rates at M12.MethodsMAINRITSAN2 trial data were subjected to post-hoc analyses of M3, M6, M9 and M12 relapse-free surviv…
Kinin receptors in human vascular tissue: their role in atheromatous disease
1997
Using samples of many human blood vessels, obtained at autopsy and specific antibodies directed to peptide sequences of the kinin B1 and B2 receptors, we demonstrate the localisation of these receptors within the human vascular system using standard immunolabelling techniques. In large elastic arteries and veins, kinin receptors are present only in the endothelial cells whereas in all muscular arteries and arterioles, these receptors are present in both the endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The identification of kinin receptors in human blood vessels confirms that kinins may modulate both vascular permeability and contractility. The incidental finding at histology, of patchy atheromatous…
EU-wide cross-sectional observational study of lipid-modifying therapy use in secondary and primary care: the DA VINCI study
2021
Abstract Aims To provide contemporary data on the implementation of European guideline recommendations for lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) across different settings and populations and how this impacts low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal achievement. Methods and results An 18 country, cross-sectional, observational study of patients prescribed LLT for primary or secondary prevention in primary or secondary care across Europe. Between June 2017 and November 2018, data were collected at a single visit, including LLT in the preceding 12 months and most recent LDL-C. Primary outcome was the achievement of risk-based 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis…
Fructose and cardiometabolic disorders: the controversy will, and must, continue
2010
The present review updates the current knowledge on the question of whether high fructose consumption is harmful or not and details new findings which further pushes this old debate. Due to large differences in its metabolic handling when compared to glucose, fructose was indeed suggested to be beneficial for the diet of diabetic patients. However its growing industrial use as a sweetener, especially in soft drinks, has focused attention on its potential harmfulness, possibly leading to dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome and even diabetes. Many new data have been generated over the last years, confirming the lipogenic effect of fructose as well as risks of vascular…
Thyroid hormones induce sumoylation of the cold shock domain-containing protein PIPPin in developing rat brain and in cultured neurons.
2006
We previously identified a cold shock domain (CSD)-containing protein (PIPPin), expressed at high level in brain cells. PIPPin has the potential to undergo different post-translational modifications and might be a good candidate to regulate the synthesis of specific proteins in response to extracellular stimuli. Here we report the effects of thyroid hormone (T3) on PIPPin expression in developing rat brain. We found that a significant difference among euthyroid- and hypothyroid- newborn rats concerns sumoylation of nuclear PIPPin, that is abolished by hypothyroidism. Moreover, T3-dependence of PIPPin sumoylation has been confirmed in cortical neurons purified from brain cortices and culture…
[S1 Herpes zoster localization: acute urinary retention in woman].
2011
Acute urinary retention in women is rare. The varicella-zoster virus causes inflammatory lesions of the sensory-root ganglions, meninges and, less frequently, spinal cord. Herpes zoster has been reported to affect, although rarely, lower urinary tract innervations, and acute urinary retention can be thought to occur in the presence of sacral dermatome involvement. Usually it is located in S2–4 dermatome and the prognosis for acute urinary retention is benign resolving in about 20 days. We present a case in which the S1 dermatome was interested and acute urinary retention developed. After 10 days of specific therapy and self catheterism the problem resolved.
Cigarette smoke alters non-neuronal cholinergic system components inducing MUC5AC production in the H292 cell line.
2013
Abstract Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) affects the expression of Choline Acetyl-Transferase (ChAT), muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, and mucin production in bronchial epithelial cells. Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3, ChAT expression, acetylcholine levels and acetylcholine binding were measured in a human pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line (H292) stimulated with CSE. We performed ChAT/RNA interference experiments in H292 cells stimulated with CSE to study the role of ChAT/acetylcholine in MUC5AC production. The effects of Hemicholinium-3 (HCh-3) (50 μM) (a potent and selective choline uptake blocker) and Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva ® ) (100 nM), alone o…
Screening for colorectal cancer with immunochemical faecal occult blood tests.
2012
Population-based studies have shown that guaiac faecal occult blood testing followed by colonoscopy in case of positivity can reduce colorectal cancer mortality. However these tests have been criticised for their fairly low sensitivity. For this reason attention has been given to alternative tests. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence for screening for colorectal cancer using qualitative immunochemical faecal occult blood tests. For the complete range of tested cut-off values, immunochemical faecal occult blood tests lead to higher diagnostic yield, improved sensitivity and greater participation. The optimal number of samples and the optimal cut-off value has to suit local resour…
Prevention of Atherosclerosis by Interference with the Vascular Nitric Oxide System
2009
Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) represents an anti-atherosclerotic principle. NO bioavailability is decreased in atherosclerosis due to increased NO inactivation by reactive oxygen species and reduced NO synthesis. Various types of vascular pathophysiology are associated with oxidative stress, with NADPH oxidases as the major source of reactive oxygen species. These inactivate NO. Also, oxidative stress is likely to be the main cause for oxidation of the essential NOS cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)). A lack of BH(4) leads to eNOS uncoupling (i.e., uncoupling of oxygen reduction from NO synthesis in eNOS). Based on these pathomechanisms, the therapeutic pot…
Current insights into the German lipoprotein apheresis standard: PCSK9-inhibitors, lipoprotein apheresis or both?
2017
Abstract According to current European guidelines, lipid lowering therapy for progressive cardiovascular disease including cardiovascular events has to be focused on a target level for LDL-C. In contrast for Lp(a) a threshold has to be defined with respect to the method of measurement. However, due to new lipid lowering drug developments like PCSK9-inhibitors (PCSK-9-I) a therapeutic algorithm for patients with severe hypercholesterolemia or isolated Lipoprotein(a)-hyperlipoproteinemia with progressive cardiovascular disease may be necessary to manage the use of PCSK9-I, lipoprotein apheresis (LA) or both. The therapeutic approach for patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia i…