Search results for "AIH"

Current Accounts and Coordination of Wage Bargaining

2018

This study provides novel evidence on the impact of labor market institutions on current account dynamics. Our results suggest that a high degree of coordination of wage bargaining has a positive effect on the current account balance over the long run. This result is not driven entirely by wage moderation induced by centralized wage setting. We also provide robust evidence that a high degree of coordination of wage bargaining is associated with a slower current account adjustment toward its long-run equilibrium. This result seems theoretically plausible; the aggregate shocks in the exporting sector are largely driven by idiosyncratic shocks and the presence of idiosyncratic shocks increases…

Essays on current account imbalances

2017

Global current account imbalances and intra-euro area imbalances have been at the forefront of academic and policy debates for the last ten years. This thesis examines the determinants of current account balances and external adjustment. It consists of an introduction and four empirical studies. This thesis highlights the importance of institutional factors such as differences in national cultures and cross-country differences in the coordination of wage bargaining on external balances. The first study investigates the effects of deep determinants on current account balances. The point estimates are economically and statistically significant, suggesting that countries populated by Roman Cat…

Towards sustainable mobility : Transformative scenarios for 2034

2022

Highlights • Increasing the share of walking and cycling is one of the building blocks of sustainable mobility transformation. • We organised an online Delphi survey for 30 walking and cycling experts during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. • Disaggregative Delphi analysis is elaborated based on the systemic restructuring of qualitative data. • Transport experts’ views of the future are described in the form of five walking and cycling scenarios up to 2034. • The results can be used for strategic transport planning and policy, and for identifying instruments for walking and cycling promotion in urban areas. Increasing the share of walking and cycling is one of the building blocks of sus…

The Role of Perceived Social Support as a Contributor to the Successful Transition from Primary to Lower Secondary School

2019

Following approximately 1,800 Finnish children, this longitudinal study examined the associations between students’ perceived social support (teacher-student relationships, family support, and peer support), behavioral engagement, cynicism towards school, and academic achievement during the transition from primary to lower secondary school. After controlling for parental educational level and cynicism before the school transition, the results showed that the more students experienced pre-transition peer support, the less they reported post-transition cynicism. Furthermore, pre-transition peer support contributed to students’ increased academic achievement and behavioral engagement after the…

Variation in Australian English closing diphthongs

2001

University Exchange Students’ Practices of Learning Finnish: A Language Ecological Approach to Affordances in Linguistic Landscapes

2020

In linguistic landscape (LL) studies, various projects have demonstrated how language learners benefit from tasks that involve the documentation and interpretation of the LL. In this chapter, we investigate how Finnish as a second language learner exchange students turned the local LL into affordances during their time abroad in Finland. While language awareness and its relation to learning and teaching have been extensively discussed, it has often been regarded as a property of an individual consciousness: a faculty or a tendency of a particular person to perceive, notice and reflect upon the linguistic features present in their environments. In contrast, we argue for an approach that cont…

Miten organisaatiokulttuurin eettisyys on yhteydessä koulupsykologien organisaatioon sitoutumiseen ja työpaikanvaihtoaikeisiin?

2015

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin koulupsykologien organisaatiokulttuurin eettisyyden yhteyttä heidän organisaatioon sitoutumiseensa ja työpaikanvaihtoaikeisiinsa. Huhtikuussa 2014 toteutettuun kyselytutkimukseen osallistui 270 koulupsykologia. Vastanneista valtaosa (94 %) oli naisia. Regressioanalyysin tulokset osoittivat, että vanhemmat, vakituisessa työsuhteessa työskentelevät ja pidemmän ajan nykyisessä työpaikassaan työskennelleet koulupsykologit olivat voimakkaammin sitoutuneita organisaatioonsa ja heillä oli vähemmän työpaikanvaihtoaikeita kuin nuoremmilla, määräaikaisessa työsuhteessa työskentelevillä ja lyhyemmän ajan nykyisessä työpaikassaan työskennelleillä koulupsykologeilla. Regressio…

Limited effects of size-selective harvesting and harvesting-induced life-history changes on the temporal variability of biomass dynamics in complex f…

2023

Harvesting has been implicated in destabilizing the abundances of exploited populations. Because selective harvesting often targets large individuals, some studies have proposed that exploited populations often experience demographic shifts toward younger, smaller individuals and become more sensitive to environmental fluctuations. The theory of consumer–resource dynamics has been applied to address the impacts of harvesting in simple modular food webs, but harvested populations are embedded in a complex food web in nature. In addition, exploited populations have been shown to undergo trait evolution or phenotypic changes toward early maturation at smaller sizes. Using an empirically derive…

On the critical velocities and free vibrations of axially moving elastic webs

2014

Sedentary Thresholds for Accelerometry-Based Mean Amplitude Deviation and Electromyography Amplitude in 7–11 Years Old Children

2019

We investigated the ability of energy expenditure, movement sensing, and muscle activity to discriminate sedentary and non-sedentary activities in children. Thirty-five 7–11-year-old children participated in the study. Simultaneous assessment of oxygen uptake (V̇O2), triaxial accelerometry, and thigh muscle electromyography (EMG) were performed during eight different sedentary and non-sedentary activities including lying down, sitting-, standing-, and walking-related activities, which were performed in a random order. Mean values of V̇O2, accelerometry, and EMG from the concurrent 2 min epochs during each activity were computed. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured during 30 min su…