Search results for "ALDEHYDE"

showing 10 items of 915 documents

Theoretical Analysis of the Electronic Spectra of Benzaldehyde

2001

The electronic spectrum of benzaldehyde has been studied by using multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory through the multistate extension (MS-CASPT2). The nπ* 11A‘ ‘ state, placed ve...

Benzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundChemistrySpectrum (functional analysis)State (functional analysis)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theoryAtomic physicsSpectral lineThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Herbertane Sesquiterpenes: Synthesis of (-)-α-Formylherbertenol.

2010

Abstract The synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-[(1 S )-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl]benzaldehyde [(−)-α-formylherbertenol 1 ], a herbertane-type sesquiterpene isolated from the leafy liverwort Herberta adunca , from β-cyclogeraniol is described. The synthesis is based on the previously described preparation of an enantiopure 1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentane synthon from which the characteristic aromatic moiety of 1 is elaborated, using a Robinson annulation and a palladium-catalysed methoxycarbonylation of an aryl triflate as key synthetic steps. The synthesis of the natural sesquiterpene (−)-α-herbertenol, also a natural sequiterpene, using the same methodology is also described.

Benzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundEnantiopure drugChemistryStereochemistryArylSynthonRobinson annulationEnantioselective synthesisGeneral MedicineSesquiterpeneTrifluoromethanesulfonateChemInform
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Photocatalytic degradation of toluene in aqueous suspensions of polycrystalline TiO2 in the presence of the surfactant tetradecyldimethylamino-oxide

2000

The heterogeneous photocatalytic method has been used for carrying out the toluene oxidation in synthetic aqueous solutions containing also a zwitterionic surfactant, i.e. tetradecyldimethylamino-oxide (C 14 DMAO). A batch photoreactor with immersed lamp and two kinds of polycrystalline TiO 2 catalysts were used. The results indicate a substantial increase of the toluene degradation rate in the presence of the surfactant; the complete photo- oxidation of toluene was achieved in a few hours of irradiation at the used experimental conditions; at higher irradiation times also C 14 DMAO was completely degraded. The main intermediates of toluene degradation were p-cresol (4-methyiphenol) and ben…

Benzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundMuconic acidchemistryHydroquinoneBenzyl alcoholPhotocatalysisPhotochemistryTolueneToluene oxidationBenzoic acid
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o-(Hydroxyalkyl)phenyl P-Chirogenic Phosphines as Functional Chiral Lewis Bases

2013

The stereoselective synthesis of P-chirogenic phosphines bearing an o-hydroxyalkyl chelating arm is described. The synthesis is based either on the hydroxyalkylation of P-chirogenic o-bromophenylphosphines (borane) or on their carbonatation and then reduction. The hydroxyalkylation with benzaldehyde or pivalaldehyde affords a mixture of epimers which are isolated by chromatography and characterized by their X-ray structures. Preliminary assays of free P-chirogenic o-(hydroxyalkyl)phenyl phosphines, as new functional Lewis bases in catalyzed asymmetric aza-MBH reaction, lead to β-aminoester derivatives with ee values up to 74%.

Benzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundStereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryEpimerStereoselectivityChelationLewis acids and basesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBoraneBiochemistryCatalysisOrganic Letters
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ChemInform Abstract: Dialkylimidazolium Dimethyl Phosphates as Solvents and Catalysts for the Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction.

2014

Knoevenagel condensation between benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of an equimolar amount of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ionic liquids is investigated.

Benzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEthyl cyanoacetateIonic liquidOrganic chemistryKnoevenagel condensationGeneral MedicineCondensation reactionPhosphateCatalysisChemInform
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1979

Oxidation of tertiary amines with N-chloronylon 66 (NCN) was investigated in several organic solvents. NCN was found to oxidize N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) at room temperature to give N-methylaniline with 15–50% yield, depending on the solvents used. Oxidation of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) gave benzaldehyde with 15–30% yield and a small amount of N-methylbenzylamine. A mechanism was discussed. For comparison, N-chlorosuccinimide, a low molecular N-chloro-compound, was also used for oxidation of DMA and DMBA.

Benzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryYield (chemistry)Polymer chemistryOrganic chemistryDMBADie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Synthesis of Hydroquinoid C- and O-Biphenyl Disaccharides by Chromium-Templated Benzannulation Reactions

2003

Organometallic monosaccharides 6−10 containing a chromium styrylcarbene skeleton have been synthesized in quantitative yield from O-glycoside methylcarbene complexes 1−5 bearing diisopropylidene-protected glucose, mannose, galactose, or fructose in a trans-selective aldol condensation with benzaldehyde. These compounds undergo a chromium-templated benzannulation upon reaction with ethynyl glucoside to give diastereoisomeric mixtures of Cr(CO)3 complexes. The differences in their thermodynamic stability was exploited in a diastereoselective synthesis of hydroquinoid biphenyl disaccharides 12−16 in 67−88% yields. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)

Biphenylchemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementBenzaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundChromiumchemistryGlucosideAldol reactionOrganic chemistryMonosaccharideChemical stabilityAldol condensationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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The effects of alpha-cypermethrin exposure on biochemical and redox parameters in pregnant rats and their newborns

2016

IF 2.388; International audience; Pyrethroid insecticides are extensively used in agriculture and in household activities. During pregnancy, they might affect maternal metabolic status and there after fetal development. In this work, we studied metabolic and redox effects of low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure in pregnant rats and their offspring. The diet containing alpha cypermethrin at 0.02 mg/kg/day was consumed during the entire gestation. Plasma biochemical parameters as well as liver lipid and oxidative stress markers were determined. Our results showed that alpha-cypermethrin induced an increase in body weight and in plasma glucose and lipid levels, as well as in plasma aspartate a…

Blood Glucose0301 basic medicineLipid-PeroxidationInsecticidesHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedicine.disease_causeCypermethrinchemistry.chemical_compoundMice0302 clinical medicinePregnancyMalondialdehydePyrethrinsMaternal-Fetal Exchange[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]Alpha-cypermethrinAlanine TransaminaseGeneral Medicine030224 pathologyGlutathioneLipidsMitochondriaLiverPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsGestationAlkaline phosphataseFemaleChlorpyrifosOxidation-Reductionmedicine.medical_specialtyOffspringBlood sugarBiology03 medical and health sciencesProtective RoleOffspringMetabolic DiseasesInternal medicinemedicineNeurotoxicityAnimalsAspartate AminotransferasesRats WistarPesticides[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyPregnancyFetusBody Weightmedicine.diseaseRatsOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyMetabolismAnimals NewbornchemistryRatAgronomy and Crop ScienceDeltamethrinFenvalerateOxidative stress
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Beneficial Effect of Docosahexanoic Acid and Lutein on Retinal Structural, Metabolic, and Functional Abnormalities in Diabetic Rats

2009

To assess the effect of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) and lutein (both compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties) on experimental diabetic retinopathy.Male Wistar rats were studied: non-diabetic controls, untreated diabetic controls, and diabetic rats were treated with DHA and lutein or the combination of DHA + insulin and lutein + insulin for 12 weeks. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, apoptosis, and functional tests were studied to confirm biochemical and functional changes in the retina of diabetic rats. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione concentrations (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) were measured as oxidative stress markers. TUNEL assay and caspa…

Blood GlucoseMaleLuteingenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentApoptosismedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundMalondialdehydeInsulinFluorescent Antibody Technique Indirectchemistry.chemical_classificationCaspase 3NitrotyrosineGlutathione peroxidaseAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-Steroidalfood and beveragesMalondialdehydeGlutathioneSensory SystemsDrug Therapy Combinationmedicine.medical_specialtyDocosahexaenoic AcidsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiologyRetinaDiabetes Mellitus ExperimentalCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineElectroretinographyIn Situ Nick-End LabelingmedicineAnimalsRats WistarGlutathione PeroxidaseDiabetic RetinopathyInsulinLuteinGlutathionemedicine.diseaseeye diseasesRatsOxidative StressOphthalmologyEndocrinologychemistryTyrosinesense organsBiomarkersOxidative stressCurrent Eye Research
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Evidence for a dysfunction and disease-promoting role of the circadian clock in the diabetic retina.

2021

Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of chronic hyperglycemia and a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. In the present study the interaction between diabetes and retinal clocks was investigated in mice. It was seen that in the db/db mouse - a widely used animal model of diabetic retinopathy - clock function and circadian regulation of gene expression was disturbed in the retina. Remarkably, elimination of clock function by Bmal1-deficiency mitigates the progression of pathophysiology of the diabetic retina. Thus high-fat diet was seen to induce histopathology and molecular markers associated with diabetic retinopathy in wild type but not in Bmal1-deficient mice. The d…

Blood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCircadian clockCLOCK ProteinsDiseaseChronobiology DisordersPathogenesisCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineCircadian ClocksRNA Ribosomal 18SMedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRetinaDiabetic Retinopathybusiness.industryGlyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate DehydrogenasesRetinalDiabetic retinopathymedicine.diseaseSensory SystemsPathophysiologyCircadian RhythmMice Inbred C57BLOphthalmologyDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryMicroscopy FluorescenceFemalebusinessExperimental eye research
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