Search results for "ALGORITHM"

showing 10 items of 4887 documents

Accurate estimation of retinal vessel width using bagged decision trees and an extended multiresolution Hermite model.

2012

We present an algorithm estimating the width of retinal vessels in fundus camera images. The algorithm uses a novel parametric surface model of the cross-sectional intensities of vessels, and ensembles of bagged decision trees to estimate the local width from the parameters of the best-fit surface. We report comparative tests with REVIEW, currently the public database of reference for retinal width estimation, containing 16 images with 193 annotated vessel segments and 5066 profile points annotated manually by three independent experts. Comparative tests are reported also with our own set of 378 vessel widths selected sparsely in 38 images from the Tayside Scotland diabetic retinopathy scre…

Accurate estimationComputer scienceStability (learning theory)Decision treeHealth Informaticscomputer.software_genreSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedSet (abstract data type)Parametric surfaceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFluorescein AngiographyHermite polynomialsDiabetic RetinopathySettore INF/01 - InformaticaRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyReproducibility of ResultsRetinal VesselsImage EnhancementComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignData setComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionData miningRetinal images Vessel width Multiresolution Hermite model Ensembles of bagged decision trees Medical image analysiscomputerAlgorithmsTest dataRetinoscopyMedical image analysis
researchProduct

Accélération de la convergence et algorithme proximal

1995

Nous faisons une première étude de la question de savoir s'il est possible d'accélérer des suites issues de l'algorithme proximal ou de la méthode de l'inverse partiel par des méthodes d'extrapolation.

Accélération de la convergenceInverse partielMéthodes d'extrapolation[ MATH.MATH-NA ] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA][MATH.MATH-NA] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA][MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Algorithme proximalApplication pseudo-contractante
researchProduct

Submicellar and micellar reversed-phase liquid chromatographic modes applied to the separation of beta-blockers.

2009

The behaviour of a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) system (i.e. elution order, resolution and analysis time), used in the analysis of β-blockers with acetonitrile-water mobile phases, changes drastically upon addition of an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS). Surfactant monomers cover the alkyl-bonded phase in different extent depending on the concentration of both modifiers, in the ranges 1 × 10-3-0.15 M SDS and 5-50% acetonitrile. Meanwhile, the surfactant is dissolved in the mobile phase as free monomers, associated in small clusters or forming micelles. Four characteristic RPLC modes are yielded, with transition regions between them: hydro-organic, micellar, …

AcetonitrilesAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryMicelleSensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundPulmonary surfactantSurfactant-mediated chromatographic systemsPhase (matter)Sodium dodecyl sulphateSelectivityAcetonitrileAcetonitrileMicellesChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationAnalysis timeSodium Dodecyl SulfateGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyDirect transfer mechanismModels ChemicalCritical micelle concentrationSolventsβ-BlockersAlgorithmsChromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. A
researchProduct

Prediction of peak shape in hydro-organic and micellar-organic liquid chromatography as a function of mobile phase composition

2007

A simple model is proposed that relates the parameters describing the peak width with the retention time, which can be easily predicted as a function of mobile phase composition. This allows the further prediction of peak shape with global errors below 5%, using a modified Gaussian model with a parabolic variance. The model is useful in the optimisation of chromatographic resolution to assess an eventual overlapping of close peaks. The dependence of peak shape with mobile phase composition was studied for mobile phases containing acetonitrile in the presence and absence of micellised surfactant (micellar-organic and hydro-organic reversed-phase liquid chromatography, RPLC). In micellar RPLC…

AcetonitrilesChromatographyResolution (mass spectrometry)ChemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistrySodium Dodecyl SulfateGeneral MedicineFunction (mathematics)Reversed-phase chromatographyModels TheoreticalBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundPulmonary surfactantPhase (matter)symbolsAcetonitrileGaussian network modelAlgorithmsChromatography High Pressure LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

Assisted baseline subtraction in complex chromatograms using the BEADS algorithm.

2017

The data processing step of complex signals in high-performance liquid chromatography may constitute a bottleneck to obtain significant information from chromatograms. Data pre-processing should be preferably done with little (or no) user supervision, for a maximal benefit and highest speed. In this work, a tool for the configuration of a state-of-the-art baseline subtraction algorithm, called BEADS (Baseline Estimation And Denoising using Sparsity) is developed and verified. A quality criterion based on the measurement of the autocorrelation level was designed to select the most suitable working parameters to obtain the best baseline. The use of a log transformation of the signal attenuate…

AcetonitrilesNoise reduction02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySignalAnalytical ChemistryPolyethylene GlycolsBaseline (configuration management)Chromatography High Pressure LiquidData processingElectronic Data ProcessingChromatographyElutionChemistry010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryAutocorrelationProcess (computing)General Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySample (graphics)0104 chemical sciences0210 nano-technologyAlgorithmAlgorithmsJournal of chromatography. A
researchProduct

Wooden panel paintings investigation: An air-coupled ultrasonic imaging approach

2007

In this paper, a method for the study of wooden panel paintings using air-coupled acoustical imaging is presented. In order to evaluate the advantages of the technique, several samples were made to mimic panel paintings along with their typical defects. These specimens were tested by means of both single-sided and through-transmission techniques using planar transducers. Image data were processed by means of a two-dimensional (2-D)-fast Fourier transform-based algorithm to increase the S/N ratio and 2-D representations (C-scans) were generated. The simulated defects were imaged using both configurations. Investigations were undertaken on four antique paintings from a private collection. The…

Acoustical imagingEngineeringAcoustics and Ultrasonicsbusiness.industryAirFast Fourier transformImage processingStructural engineeringWoodUltrasonic imagingsymbols.namesakeFourier transformNondestructive testingImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedMaterials TestingsymbolsPaintingsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAir coupledbusinessInstrumentationAlgorithmsUltrasonographyIEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control
researchProduct

Active learning strategies for the deduplication of electronic patient data using classification trees.

2012

Graphical abstractDisplay Omitted Highlights? Active learning for medical record linkage is used on a large data set. ? We compare a simple active learning strategy with a more sophisticated variant. ? The active learning method of Sarawagi and Bhamidipaty (2002) 6] is extended. ? We deliver insights into the variations of the results due to random sampling in the active learning strategies. IntroductionSupervised record linkage methods often require a clerical review to gain informative training data. Active learning means to actively prompt the user to label data with special characteristics in order to minimise the review costs. We conducted an empirical evaluation to investigate whether…

Active learningComputer scienceActive learning (machine learning)Information Storage and RetrievalContext (language use)Health InformaticsSemi-supervised learningMachine learningcomputer.software_genreSet (abstract data type)Artificial IntelligenceBaggingData deduplicationElectronic Health RecordsHumansbusiness.industryString (computer science)Decision TreesOnline machine learningComputer Science ApplicationsData miningArtificial intelligenceMedical Record LinkageString metricbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsJournal of biomedical informatics
researchProduct

Active Learning for Monitoring Network Optimization

2012

Kernel-based active learning strategies were studied for the optimization of environmental monitoring networks. This chapter introduces the basic machine learning algorithms originated in the statistical learning theory of Vapnik (1998). Active learning is closer to an optimization done using sequential Gaussian simulations. The chapter presents the general ideas of statistical learning from data. It derives the basics of kernel-based support vector algorithms. The active learning framework is presented and machine learning extensions for active learning are described in the chapter. Kernel-based active learning strategies are tested on real case studies. The chapter explores the use of a c…

Active learningComputer scienceActive learning (machine learning)Kernel-based support vector algorithmsMachine learningGaussian simulationsData scienceMonitoring network optimization
researchProduct

Remote sensing image segmentation by active queries

2012

Active learning deals with developing methods that select examples that may express data characteristics in a compact way. For remote sensing image segmentation, the selected samples are the most informative pixels in the image so that classifiers trained with reduced active datasets become faster and more robust. Strategies for intelligent sampling have been proposed with model-based heuristics aiming at the search of the most informative pixels to optimize model's performance. Unlike standard methods that concentrate on model optimization, here we propose a method inspired in the cluster assumption that holds in most of the remote sensing data. Starting from a complete hierarchical descri…

Active learningComputer scienceActive learning (machine learning)SvmMultispectral image0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyMultispectral imageryClusteringMultispectral pattern recognitionArtificial Intelligence0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSegmentationCluster analysis021101 geological & geomatics engineeringRetrievalPixelbusiness.industryLinkageHyperspectral imagingPattern recognitionRemote sensingSupport vector machineMultiscale image segmentationHyperspectral imageryPixel ClassificationSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingHyperspectral Data ClassificationComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsSoftwareModel
researchProduct

Is the nonREM–REM sleep cycle reset by forced awakenings from REM sleep?

2002

In selective REM sleep deprivation (SRSD), the occurrence of stage REM is repeatedly interrupted by short awakenings. Typically, the interventions aggregate in clusters resembling the REM episodes in undisturbed sleep. This salient phenomenon can easily be explained if the nonREM–REM sleep process is continued during the periods of forced wakefulness. However, earlier studies have alternatively suggested that awakenings from sleep might rather discontinue and reset the ultradian process. Theoretically, the two explanations predict a different distribution of REM episode duration. We evaluated 117 SRSD treatment nights recorded from 14 depressive inpatients receiving low dosages of Trimipram…

Activity CyclesMaleSelective REM sleep deprivationPolysomnographyAudiologyBehavioral NeuroscienceNIGHTSleep onset REM episodeDEPRIVATIONSlow-wave sleepmedia_commonDEPRESSIVE PATIENTSmedicine.diagnostic_testDepressionmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyTRIMIPRAMINEMiddle AgedAntidepressive AgentsAnesthesiaLATENCIESFemaleWakefulnessArousalPsychologyAlgorithmspsychological phenomena and processesmedicine.drugVigilance (psychology)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyREM episodePolysomnographymedia_common.quotation_subjectRapid eye movement sleepSleep REMExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyNon-rapid eye movement sleepmental disordersmedicineHumansWakefulnessMODULATIONUltradian rhythmINTERRUPTIONARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKSRECOGNITIONTrimipramineUltradian processSleep cycleSleepEYE-MOVEMENT SLEEPPhysiology & Behavior
researchProduct