Search results for "ALTER"
showing 10 items of 2368 documents
The bacterial microbiome of meloidogyne-based disease complex in coffee and tomato
2020
The Meloidogyne-based disease complexes (MDCs) are caused by the interaction of different root-knot nematode species and phytopathogenic fungi. These complexes are devastating several important crops worldwide including tomato and coffee. Despite their relevance, little is known about the role of the bacterial communities in the MDCs. In this study 16s rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the bacterial microbiome associated with healthy and infested roots, as well with females and eggs of Meloidogyne enterolobii and M. paranaensis, the causal agents of MDC in tomato and coffee, respectively. Each MDC pathosystems displayed a specific taxonomic diversity and relative abundances constitut…
Essential Oil Yield, Chemical Composition, and Total Citral Content of Nine Cultivars of Cymbopogon Species from Western India
2016
ABSTRACTThe essential oil composition of five elite Cymbopogon varieties (OD-19, Pragati, RRL-16, NLG-84) and a hybrid (CPK-25) and four new selections (LS-1 to LS-4) were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The oil yield ranged from 0.31% to 1.0% with CPK-25 (1.0%) and LS-2 (0.95%) containing the highest. A total of 66 compounds, constituting 84.6–94.3% of the oils, were identified. The main compounds were geranial (29.9–41.6%), neral (25.8–32.5%), citronellol (0.3–12.8%), geranyl acetate (1.2–8.4%), and geraniol (1.8–8.2%). Of the cultivars, OD-19 (74.1%) had the highest and LS-3 (55.7%) contained the lowest amount of total citral. CKP-2…
NMD-Based Gene Regulation—A Strategy for Fitness Enhancement in Plants?
2019
Abstract Post-transcriptional RNA quality control is a vital issue for all eukaryotes to secure accurate gene expression, both on a qualitative and quantitative level. Among the different mechanisms, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is an essential surveillance system that triggers degradation of both aberrant and physiological transcripts. By targeting a substantial fraction of all transcripts for degradation, including many alternative splicing variants, NMD has a major impact on shaping transcriptomes. Recent progress on the transcriptome-wide profiling and physiological analyses of NMD-deficient plant mutants revealed crucial roles for NMD in gene regulation and environmental response…
RNA-Seq analysis to investigate alternate bearing mechanism in Pistacia vera L
2018
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) production suffers a high level of alternate bearing. The mechanism underlying this negative phenomenon is different from other species, such as apple and olive. Pistachio produces a high number of inflorescence buds every year that in heavy cropping trees (“ON”) mostly fall during the kernel development phase, which occurs in July-August. Primary metabolites (i.e., carbohydrates) play a key role in the signaling related to inflorescence bud abscission. In this work, RNA-Seq was used as a tool to investigate transcriptome of inflorescence buds and fruits, sampled from branches with low (“OFF”) and high (“ON”) crop load. Reference based RNA-Seq analysis using Ara…
Alternative Splicing of the Basic Helix–Loop–Helix Transcription Factor Gene CmbHLH2 Affects Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Ray Florets of Chrysanthemum…
2021
Chrysanthemum is an important ornamental crop worldwide. Some white-flowered chrysanthemum cultivars produce red ray florets under natural cultivation conditions, but little is known about how this occurs. We compared the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic and transcription factor genes between white ray florets and those that turned red based on cultivation conditions to comprehend the underlying mechanism. Significant differences in the expression of CmbHLH2 were detected between the florets of different colors. CmbHLH2 generated two alternatively spliced transcripts, designated CmbHLH2Full and CmbHLH2Short. Compared with CmbHLH2Full, CmbHLH2Short encoded a truncated protein with only…
Transcriptome Analysis of Pistacia vera Inflorescence Buds in Bearing and Non-Bearing Shoots Reveals the Molecular Mechanism Causing Premature Flower…
2020
The alteration of heavy (&ldquo
Arabidopsis RCD1 coordinates chloroplast and mitochondrial functions through interaction with ANAC transcription factors
2019
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling pathways from chloroplasts and mitochondria merge at the nuclear protein RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1). RCD1 interacts in vivo and suppresses the activity of the transcription factors ANAC013 and ANAC017, which mediate a ROS-related retrograde signal originating from mitochondrial complex III. Inactivation of RCD1 leads to increased expression of mitochondrial dysfunction stimulon (MDS) genes regulated by ANAC013 and ANAC017. Accumulating MDS gene products, including alternative oxidases (AOXs), affect redox status of the chloroplasts, leading to changes in chloroplast ROS processing and increased protection of photosynthetic apparatus.…
Monitoring of transglutaminase crosslinking reaction by 1H NMR spectroscopy on model substrates
2015
International audience; A new method based on 1H NMR spectroscopy was developed for monitoring transglutaminase crosslinking reaction with model molecules (CBZ-Gln-Gly and N-α-acetyl-lysine). The transglutaminase reaction led to the appearance of new resonances on NMR spectrum as well as significant decrease in others. The new observed resonances, originated from newly formed ɛ-(γ-glutamyl)lysine isopeptide bonds, evidence the enzymatic reaction and allow to quantify the ɛ-(γ-glutamyl)lysine fragment. Moreover, the decrease in resonance intensity, originated from lysine, permit to determine the crosslinking degree. These results obtained by 1H NMR spectroscopy can be used as an alternative …
Adaptive strategies of territory formation
2003
How do territorial animals gain ownership of an area? Early modelling has considered the evolution of fighting when the winner can claim the right to the resource. Recently, alternative hypotheses have been offered where repeated interactions lead to division of space through 'nagging' instead of one decisive fight. However, these models assume that animals avoid areas in which they have taken part in aggressive interactions, but do not consider whether avoidance itself is adaptive. We aim to bridge this gap between mechanistic and adaptive explanations, by presenting a game-theory model where individuals choose whether to return to an area after a fight with a specific outcome (win, loss, …
The expedient application of microbial fermentation after whole-wheat milling and fractionation to mitigate mycotoxins in wheat-based products
2021
Abstract The effect of whole milling and fractionation of wheat grains from the 2017 and 2018 harvests on the mycotoxin transfer into milling products and the influence of microbial fermentation of such products on mycotoxin levels were analysed. Additionally, the identification and occurrence of fungal contamination in grains with different mycotoxin contamination levels was evaluated. The mycotoxin contents were determined by chromatography (HPLC-TOF-HRMS). The distribution of mycotoxins in wheat wholemeal fractions depended on wheat kernel contamination level. The flour fractions contained zearalenone (ZEN) from 59 to 92%, and deoxynivalenol (DON) and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) at …