Search results for "ALTERNATIVES"
showing 10 items of 37 documents
Animation attracts: The attraction effect in an on-line shopping environment
2006
Two studies examine the attraction effect - an inconsistent choice behavior typically observed when consumers are presented with two products (target and competitor), both good for different reasons, and a worse "decoy" - in the context of on-line consumer decisions with different product displays (animated or static). The experiments, with different participant populations, show that the attraction effect in an on-line shopping environment depends on the animation format of the products. Experiment 1 (with Italian participants) suggests that the attraction effect is eliminated when target and competitor are both animated and is accentuated when the target is animated and the competitor is …
Des outils moléculaires toujours plus multifonctionnels pour l’étude de structures alternatives d’acides nucléiques.
2022
G-Quadruplexes (G4) are non-canonical secondary structure found throughout the genome and transcriptome in guanine rich sequences. Their involvement in biologically relevant processes (telomeres maintenance, transcription and translation) has been demonstrated, yet their role is still not fully elucidated. To investigate their role, we focus on the development of biomimetic molecular tools that could be used either to isolate G4 by new generation sequencing techniques or visualize them directly in cell. This class of molecular tools (TASQ: Template Assembled Synthetic Quartet) is composed by four guanine moieties linked to a central template thanks to spacers of different chemical nature. I…
Use of flow cytometry and confocal microscopy techniques to investigate early CdCl(2)-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro.
2001
CdCl(2) is a well-known toxic compound for the kidney in vivo and in vitro. We report here part of the results of an ECVAM (European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods) contract study, aimed at establishing and assessing several flow cytometric and confocal microscopic endpoints for use in an in vitro nephrotoxicity model. Three renal tubule cell lines, OK (opossum, proximal tubule origin), LLC-PK1 (pig, proximal tubule origin) and MDCK (dog, distal tubule origin) were exposed for 1, 5 and 24 h to 25 microM and 100 microM CdCl(2). The results obtained for mitochondrial membrane potential showed a decrease in all the cell lines after 5 h of treatment with both CdCl(2) concentra…
The role of biotic interactions in a prey-predator system : the case of predation and regulation of weed seeds by carabids.
2020
For the transition towards agricultural production systems that are less dependent on herbicides, the use of weed regulation by seed-eating carabids is of great interest. Weed seed predation by carabids is variable and occurs within a complex context of many biotic interactions. This complexity partly explains our current inability to predict levels of in-field weed regulation. In this thesis, I analysed variations in the levels of predation and biological regulation of weeds and determined how they respond to two classes of biotic interactions: 1) the availability of alternative prey; and, 2) intra- and inter-specific interactions between the carabids themselves. Field measurements carried…
La conférence du Columa 2013 racontée par des étudiants AgroSup-Dijon
2014
Document accessible depuis la notice de ProdInra : https://prodinra.inra.fr/?locale=en#!ConsultNotice:306111; La 22e conférence du Columa de l’AFPP, tenue à Dijon du 11 au 13 décembre 2013, a été suivie par des étudiants d’AgroSup-Dijon. Ils rendent compte ici de ce qu’ils en ont retenu. Ils analysent particulièrement les sessions : – « Nuisibilité » des adventices (indirecte, ex. : favoriser l’ergot, et directe). – « Cultures méditerranéennes et tropicales » (différences Dom-Tom/autres pays, techniques émergentes). – « Résistance » (extension, mécanismes, facteurs de risque). – « Transfert aux milieux » (facteurs de risque de pollution des eaux, suivis et modélisation pour les prévoir). – …
Evaluating Infrastructure Alternatives for Regional Water Supply Systems by Model-assisted Cost-benefit Analysis – A Case Study from Apulia, Italy
2014
The main challenge associated to regional water supply systems planning lies in understanding the best infrastructure alternatives to improve service given a certain configuration of the resources system. While cost-effectiveness assessments are still widespread in this type of analyses, they do not account for the fact that, especially in mature systems, service improvements tend to follow the law of marginal diminishing returns, so that a cost – benefit assessment should be preferable. Both costs and benefits can be organized into a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) framework. In a complex system, a model reproducing its topology and characteristics better describes the impacts of the alternati…
Isolated in-vitro perfusion of pig hearts obtained from the abattoir: an alternative to animal experiments?
1994
Isolated pig hearts (German farm pigs) were characterized after global in-vivo ischaemia as a potential alternative to in-vivo animal studies. Hearts were harvested from adult farm swine at the abattoir 10.3 +/- 2.1 min after incision of the carotid artery. They were immediately perfused and thereafter stored in ice-cold cardioplegic (St Thomas's) solution. After 38 +/- 3 min, retrograde perfusion was started with oxygenated pig blood (37 degrees C; 5000 U Heparin.l-1; pH 7.38 +/- 0.1; 11 mmol glucose.l-1) at a flow rate of 85 ml.min-1 100 g-1 wet weight (gww-1) for 30 min (n = 10). Additionally, shortly after obtaining the hearts, ATP and CP content were measured by enzymatic tests in 10 p…
Atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomiskais izvērtējums.
2017
Maģistra darba “Atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējums” mērķis ir veikt atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējumu, lai varētu noteikt Latvijai piemērotu un ekonomiski pamatotu atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu, kas nodrošinātu Eiropas Savienības direktīvās noteikto mērķu mājsaimniecības atkritumu pārstrādei un apglabāšanas samazināšanas mērķu sasniegšanu 2030.gadā. Izstrādājot maģistra darbu, tika izvērtētas iespējamās metodes atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējumam. Tika veikta trīs atkritumu apsaimniekošanas alternatīvu ekonomikas izvērtējums, izmantojot izmaksu – ieguvumu analīzi un ekspertu aptauju. Pamatojoties uz v…
Quelles pratiques permettent de réduire les herbicides sans perdre du rendement ? Diagnostic de pratiques d'agriculteurs
2019
L'objectif était d'analyser les pratiques d'agriculteurs afin de comprendre les relations entre usage d'herbicides, niveau d’infestation par les adventices et pertes de rendement. Nous avons collecté et simulé avec FLORSYS 272 systèmes de culture d'agriculteurs de 7 régions avec la flore adventice typique de ces régions, puis sans aucune adventice, et enfin sans l’usage d’herbicides (et ce sans changer les autres pratiques). Les résultats montrent que (1) la perte de rendement augmente avec la biomasse adventice, (2) il n'y a pas de corrélation entre IFT herbicide d'une part, biomasse adventice et perte de rendement d'autre part (3) les agriculteurs compensent la réduction herbicide par des…
La atención humanitaria como alternativa viable y eficaz a la detención migratoria: por una política migratoria de retorno centrada en la integración
2021
La detención de personas por su situación administrativa responde a una política migratoria coercitiva de protección «frente» al «otro», e ignora la perspectiva de integración y de protección «de» personas que debe regir toda estrategia en este contexto. La mera privación de libertad en ausencia de delito presenta serias dificultades para justificar su proporcionalidad, necesidad y razonabilidad por lo que urge la implementación real de alternativas a la detención. Los programas de atención humanitaria a los que fueron liberadas muchas personas de los CIE durante la pandemia pueden constituir una alternativa sólida, viable y eficaz que favorece la integración social. Immigration detention i…