Search results for "ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE"

Modifications de l’olfaction au cours du vieillissement et de certaines pathologies neurodégénératives : mise au point

2015

Olfaction is a complex sensory system, and increasing interest is being shown in the link between olfaction and cognition, notably in the elderly. In this literature review, we revisit the specific neurophysiological features of the olfactory system and odorants that lead to a durable olfactory memory and an emotional memory, for which the implicit component produces subconscious olfactory conditioning. Olfaction is known to affect cognitive abilities and mood. We also consider the impairment of olfactory function due to ageing and to neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, through anatomopathological changes in the peripheral and central olfac…

proNGF Measurement in Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples of a Large Cohort of Living Patients With Alzheimer's Disease by a New Automated Immunoassay

2021

The discovery of new biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential for an accurate diagnosis, to conceive new strategies of treatments, and for monitoring the efficacy of potential disease-modifying therapies in clinical trials. proNGF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) represent a promising diagnostic biomarker for AD, but its validation was hampered by the absence of a reliable immunoassay. In the literature, proNGF is currently measured in postmortem brain tissue by semiquantitative immunoblot. Here we describe the development and validation of a new method to measure proNGF in the CSF of living patients. This method, based on molecular size separation by capillary electropho…

Association between the interleukin-1beta polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2008

Abstract The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin(IL)-1β is a main component in inflammatory pathways and is overexpressed in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Several studies report associations between IL-1β polymorphisms and AD, but findings from different studies are controversial. Our aim was to verify the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-1β, at sites − 511 and + 3953, and AD by meta-analysis. Computerized bibliographic searches of PUBMED and AlzGene database ( http://www.alzgene.org ) were supplemented with manual searches of reference lists. There is evidence for association between IL-1β + 3953 SNP and AD, with an OR = 1.60 (95%…

P53 Aggregates and Interacts with Tau in Alzheimer's Disease

2020

Implications of alpha- and beta-secretase expression and function in Alzheimer's disease

2020

Abstract There has been intense debate in the field about the extent to which processing of the amyloid precursor protein contributes to pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Early publications succeeding in the identification of the main component of senile plaques—the amyloid-beta (A-beta) peptide—strictly argued for a constitutive contribution of A-beta to disease initiation and progression. This led to development of the amyloid hypothesis, which in recent years was attacked for the lack of success of clinical studies based on the respective assumption. There is evidence that the hypothesis must be revisited, but accumulation of A-beta along with aging might still be the best explanation…

Immunohistochemical investigation of the brain of aged dogs. I. Detection of neurofibrillary tangles and of 4-hydroxynonenal protein, an oxidative da…

2001

In the aging dog brain lesions develop spontaneously. They share some morphological characteristics with those of Alzheimer 's disease in man. Diffuse and primitive plaques are well known, whereas neuritic plaques rarely develop. Neurofibrillary tangles have not been seen in the canine. The aim of the present investigation was to study major age-related changes of the dog's brain using paraffin sections with respect to cross-immunoreactivity of tau, A beta protein and other immunoreactive components including hydroxynonenal protein, which is a marker for oxidative damage. The occurrence of neurofibrillary tangles and of the protein tau therein was studied in serial brain sections of two dog…

Molecular mechanisms linking amyloid β toxicity and Tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer׳s disease

2015

Neurofibrillary tangles (aggregates of cytoskeletal Tau protein) and senile plaques (aggregates mainly formed by amyloid β peptide) are two landmark lesions in Alzheimer׳s disease. Some researchers have proposed tangles, whereas others have proposed plaques, as primary lesions. For a long time, these were thought of as independent mechanisms. However, experimental evidence suggests that both lesions are intimately related. We review here some molecular pathways linking amyloid β and Tau toxicities involving, among others, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, p38, Pin1, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, and regulator of calcineurin 1. Understanding amyloid β and Tau toxicities as part of a common pathophys…

P3–200: Relationship between neurofibrillary pathology and Aβ deposition in Alzheimer disease

2006

Abnormal accumulation of autophagic vesicles correlates with axonal and synaptic pathology in young Alzheimer's mice hippocampus

2012

Dystrophic neurites associated with amyloid plaques precede neuronal death and manifest early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this work we have characterized the plaque-associated neuritic pathology in the hippocampus of young (4- to 6-month-old) PS1(M146L)/APP(751SL) mice model, as the initial degenerative process underlying functional disturbance prior to neuronal loss. Neuritic plaques accounted for almost all fibrillar deposits and an axonal origin of the dystrophies was demonstrated. The early induction of autophagy pathology was evidenced by increased protein levels of the autophagosome marker LC3 that was localized in the axonal dystrophies, and by electron microscopic identification…

Presenilin-1 Mutations Are a Cause of Primary Lateral Sclerosis-Like Syndrome

2021

6 páginas, 2 figuras