Search results for "ALZHEIMER"

Cancer and central nervous system disorders: protocol for an umbrella review of systematic reviews and updated meta-analyses of observational studies

2017

[Background] The objective of this study will be to synthesize the epidemiological evidence and evaluate the validity of the associations between central nervous system disorders and the risk of developing or dying from cancer.

Polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory genes and Alzheimer's disease risk: A pharmacogenomic approach.

2006

Clinically and pathologically Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a sequential progressive neurodegenerative disorder. AD is etiologically heterogeneous and accounts for a majority of dementia in western societies. Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of the AD brain and the search for genetic factors influencing the pathogenesis of AD has lead to the identification of numerous gene polymorphisms that might act as susceptibility modifiers. Accordingly, several reports have indicated that the risk of AD is substantially influenced by several genetic polymorphisms in the promoter region, or other untranslated regions, of genes encoding inflammatory mediators, altho…

Occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields and Alzheimer disease: a meta-analysis

2008

Background Among potential environmental risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD), occupational exposures have received some attention, including extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF). A systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies on this subject was carried out. Methods The search was concluded in April 2006. Bibliographic databases consulted included PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and NIOSHTIC2. Pooled estimates were obtained using random-effects meta-analysis. Sources of heterogeneity between studies were explored, as was publication bias. Results Fourteen different studies (nine case-control and five cohort studies) accomplished inclusion…

Visual hallucinations and agitation in Alzheimer's Disease due to memantine: report of three cases

2007

Memantine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is currently the only drug proposed for the treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease.1 It has been shown to have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the excitotoxic effect of NMDA glutamate receptors.2 Memantine has a tolerability profile similar to placebo.1 However, the worsening of psychotic symptoms in patients with Lewy body dementia (LBD) treated with memantine has been recently reported.3 We describe three patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease who developed worsening or de novo visual hallucinations and agitation after memantine treatment. Patient 1 was a 65-year-old woman with a 2-year hi…

LOCALIZATION OF HIPPOCAMPAL ATROPHY IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

2011

International audience; The hippocampus presents the highest rate of atrophy in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with more pronounced neuron loss reported in CA1 and subiculum. The aim of this study is to increase the discrimination power of hippocampal shape analysis between AD and normal controls (NC) by focusing on the subregions with atrophy associated with AD and describing the localized shape changes using statistical shape models (SSMs).

Curcumin as Scaffold for Drug Discovery against Neurodegenerative Diseases

2021

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are one of major public health problems and their impact is continuously growing. Curcumin has been proposed for the treatment of several of these pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to the ability of this molecule to reduce inflammation and aggregation of involved proteins. Nevertheless, the poor metabolic stability and bioavailability of curcumin reduce the possibilities of its practical use. For these reasons, many curcumin derivatives were synthetized in order to overcome some limitations. In this review will be highlighted recent results on modification of curcumin scaffold in the search of new effective therap…

Evaluation of Alpha-Synuclein Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels in Several Neurological Disorders

2022

(1) Background: Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a presynaptic neuronal protein that regulates several neuronal functions. In recent decades, the role of α-syn as a biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases has been explored, especially in synucleinopathies. However, only a few studies have assessed its role as biomarker in other neurological disorders. The aim of the study was to evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-syn levels in several neurological disorders; (2) Methods: We measured CSF α-syn levels by a commercial ELISA kit in 158 patients classified in the following group: controls, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), cerebrovascular diseases, inflammatory central nervous …

Curcumin-Like Compounds as Neuroprotective Agents: Interactions with HSP60 and Amyloid Beta Peptide

2014

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) represents a fundamental challenge for public health in the 21st century. Current AD therapies largely focus on symptomatic aspects of the clinical pathology, but they have yet to demonstrate any major impact on the disease progression [1]. The most important role of the research aimed at fighting the AD is the development of neuro-protective agents, able to interfere with the protein aggregation process whose clinical signature is represented by the plaques deposition. An important role in AD’s framework could be played by Heat shock proteins (HSPs), highly regulated proteins that mediate the proteins proper folding and promote recovery of their native conformation…

NEUROINFLAMMATION AND SYNAPTIC IMBALANCE IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

2020

THE ROLE OF HSP60 IN AMYLOID BETA PATHWAY: RELEVANCE TO ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 40 million individuals worldwide. The high number of factors triggering the onset of AD justifies the current absence of disease-modifying therapies. The involved pathological mechanisms are still elusive and, therefore, the finding of effective therapies requires further elucidation of biomolecular mechanisms controlling AD pathogenesis. Particularly, the aberrant amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide misfolding and oligomerization, and the impairment of the protein quality control machinery are key hallmarks characterizing the onset of the disease. Furthe…