Search results for "AMIDES"
showing 10 items of 552 documents
Determination of haemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide in smoking and non-smoking persons of the general population
2005
Acrylamide (AA) is a food-borne toxicant suspected to be carcinogenic to humans. It is formed in the heating process of starch-containing food. Currently, there is a great discussion about the possible human health risks connected with the dietary uptake of acrylamide. Haemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and its oxidative metabolite glycidamide are both markers of biochemical effect. However, because glycidamide has a higher carcinogenic potency than acrylamide itself, the glycidamide adduct might mirror the genotoxicity better than acrylamide adducts. In order to gain more information about the human metabolism of acrylamide, we investigated a small group of persons for the effective interna…
Randomised placebo-controlled trial of moclobemide, cognitive–behavioural therapy and their combination in panic disorder with agoraphobia
1999
BackgroundIn the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia, the efficacy of pharmacological, psychological and combined treatments has been established. Unanswered questions concern the relative efficacy of such treatments.AimsTo demonstrate that moclobemide and cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) are effective singly and more effective in combination.MethodFifty-five patients were randomly assigned to an eight-week treatment of: moclobemide plus CBT; moclobemide plus clinical management (‘psychological placebo’); placebo plus CBT; or placebo plus clinical management.ResultsComparisons between treatments revealed strong effects for CBT. Moclobemide with clinical management was not superi…
[123I]IBZM SPECT in patients treated with typical and atypical neuroleptics: relationship to drug plasma levels and extrapyramidal side effects
1997
[123I]Iodobenzamide (IBZM) is an iodine-labeled dopamine receptor ligand and can be used to visualize brain D2 receptors in humans with single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT). The ratio of striatal IBZM uptake to uptake in frontal cortex (ST/FC ratio) represents a semiquantitative measure of D2 receptor binding in the striatum. Our study sample included six patients treated with haloperidol (3.0-8.0 mg/day orally; one patient with an average of 0.9 mg/day intramuscularly), five patients with benperidol (9.0-15.0 mg/day orally) and nine patients treated with clozapine (200.0-600.0 mg/day orally). Typical neuroleptics (TNs) and atypical neuroleptics (ANs) were significantly di…
Haemodynamic effects of a single intravenous dose of lorcainide in patients with heart disease
1980
The cardiovascular effects of a single i.v. dose (2 mg/kg over 5 min) of lorcainide were studied in 14 patients with heart disease. In the haemodynamic part of the study (6 patients), the aortic and pulmonary systolic, diastolic and mean pressures, left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures, cardiac output and the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure were measured before and for 30 min after administration of the drug. Lorcainide produced a slight and short-lasting decrease in the aortic and pulmonary systolic pressures, and all other pressure values remained unchanged. The cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance were not altered by lorcainide. It consistently depres…
Relationship between dopamine D2 receptor occupancy, clinical response, and drug and monoamine metabolites levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. …
2009
Combining measurements of the monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuroimaging can increase efficiency of drug discovery for treatment of brain disorders. To address this question, we examined five drug-naive patients suffering from schizophrenic disorder. Patients were assessed clinically, using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): at baseline and then at weekly intervals. Plasma and CSF levels of quetiapine and norquetiapine as well CSF 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5-HIAA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) were obtained at baseline and again after at least a 4 week medication trai…
Clinical course and outcomes of drug-induced liver injury: Nimesulide as the first implicated medication
2010
Abstract Background and aims Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause of death from acute liver failure, and accounts for approximately 13% of cases of acute liver failure in the United States. The clinical presentation of DILI covers a wide spectrum, from asymptomatic liver test abnormalities to symptomatic acute liver disease, prolonged jaundice and disability, or overt acute or subacute liver failure. The aim of our study was to evaluate the number of DILI cases admitted to our Unit and to identify the drugs responsible. Thus, we reviewed all clinical records of patients with DILI admitted to our Unit from 1996 to 2006. Patients and methods A database was constructed, re…
Striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3-receptor-binding properties of ziprasidone: a positron emission tomography study with [18F]Fallypride and [11C]raclo…
2008
To elucidate the Batypicality( of ziprasidone, its striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3-receptor binding was characterized in patients with schizophrenia under steady-state conditions. These data were compared with striatal receptor occupancy values after single-dose ziprasidone ingestion in healthy controls. ( 18 F)fallypride positron emission tomography (PET) recordings were obtained in 15 patients under steady-state ziprasidone treatment at varying time points after the last dose. Binding potentials were calculated for striatal and extrastriatal regions. D2/D3-receptor occupancies were expressed relative to binding potentials in 8 unmedicated patients. In a parallel ( 11 C)raclopride-PET stu…
Changes in plasma and urine globotriaosylceramide levels do not predict Fabry disease progression over 1 year of agalsidase alfa.
2013
Globotriaosylceramide concentrations were assessed as potential predictors of change from baseline after 12 months by estimated glomerular filtration rate and left-ventricular mass index using pooled data from three randomized, placebo-controlled agalsidase alfa trials and open-label extensions of patients with Fabry disease.Males (aged 18 years or older) with Fabry disease received agalsidase alfa (0.2 mg/kg every other week for 12 months). A backward-elimination approach evaluated potential predictors (baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate and left-ventricular mass index; age at first dose; baseline and change from baseline at 12 months of globotriaosylceramide (urine, plasma); ur…
Altered endocannabinoid-dynamics in craniopharyngioma patients and their association with HPA-axis disturbances.
2021
Objective Patients with craniopharyngioma (CP) frequently suffer from morbid obesity. Endocannabinoids (ECs) are involved in weight gain and rewarding behavior but have not been investigated in this context. Design Cross-sectional single-center study. Methods Eighteen patients with CP and 16 age- and sex-matched controls were included. Differences in endocannabinoids (2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA)) and endocannabinoid-like molecules (oleoyl ethanolamide (OEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured at baseline and following endurance exercise. We further explored ECs-dynamics in relation to markers of HPA-axis activity (ACT…
Efficacy and Safety of Selexipag in Adults With Raynaud's Phenomenon Secondary to Systemic Sclerosis:A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study
2017
Objective To determine the effect of selexipag, an oral, selective IP prostacyclin receptor agonist, on the frequency of attacks of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods Patients with SSc-related RP were randomized 1:1 to placebo (n = 38) or selexipag (n = 36) in individualized doses (maximum of 1,600 μg twice daily) during a 3-week titration period. The primary end point was the weekly average number of RP attacks during the study maintenance period, analyzed using a Bayesian approach with a negative binomial model adjusted for baseline number of RP attacks. Other outcome measures included Raynaud's Condition Score (RCS), RP attack duration, and treat…