Search results for "AMP"

Learning to learn: Theta oscillations predict new learning, which enhances related learning and neurogenesis

2012

Animals in the natural world continuously encounter learning experiences of varying degrees of novelty. New neurons in the hippocampus are especially responsive to learning associations between novel events and more cells survive if a novel and challenging task is learned. One might wonder whether new neurons would be rescued from death upon each new learning experience or whether there is an internal control system that limits the number of cells that are retained as a function of learning. In this experiment, it was hypothesized that learning a task that was similar in content to one already learned previously would not increase cell survival. We further hypothesized that in situations in…

Hippocampal theta activity is selectively associated with contingency detection but not discrimination in rabbit discrimination-reversal eyeblink con…

2010

The relative power of the hippocampal theta-band (∼6 Hz) activity (theta ratio) is thought to reflect a distinct neural state and has been shown to affect learning rate in classical eyeblink conditioning in rabbits. We sought to determine if the theta ratio is mostly related to the detection of the contingency between the stimuli used in conditioning or also to the learning of more complex inhibitory associations when a highly demanding delay discrimination-reversal eyeblink conditioning paradigm is used. A high hippocampal theta ratio was not only associated with a fast increase in conditioned responding in general but also correlated with slow emergence of discriminative responding due to…

The relationship between navigation abilities and mental disorders: Poster

2021

This study examined the relationship between aspects of navigational ability and behavioral traits associated with various mental disorders. We propose that navigational ability may utilize the same brain circuitry that has dysfunction in certain mental disorders and may be a beneficial early marker for these disorders. This study was inspired by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), a framework outlined by NIMH to study the basic dimensions of functioning that span the range of behavior from normal to abnormal. For example, we hypothesized that spatial perspective taking, which is important for navigation, could be associated with social perspective taking in disorders such as autism spectr…

The relationship between navigation abilities and mental disorders: Oral presentation

2021

European guidelines on chronic mesenteric ischaemia - joint United European Gastroenterology, European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy an…

2020

Chronic mesenteric ischaemia is a severe and incapacitating disease, causing complaints of post-prandial pain, fear of eating and weight loss. Even though chronic mesenteric ischaemia may progress to acute mesenteric ischaemia, chronic mesenteric ischaemia remains an underappreciated and undertreated disease entity. Probable explanations are the lack of knowledge and awareness among physicians and the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test. The underappreciation of this disease results in diagnostic delays, underdiagnosis and undertreating of patients with chronic mesenteric ischaemia, potentially resulting in fatal acute mesenteric ischaemia. This guideline provides a comprehensive overvi…

Beyond Hunting Camps: Early Holocene Occupations in High Cantabrian Mountains (Spain)

1998

En la comunicación se presentan los resultados de las excavaciones en el abrigo de La Calvera (Camaleño, Cantabria) incluyendo un conjunto de nuevas dataciones radiocarbónicas y se hace una reflexión sobre la ocupación de las montañas cantábricas al comienzo del Holoceno. In the communication the results of the excavations in La Calvera rock shelter (Camaleño, Cantabria) are presented, including a set of new radiocarbonic dates and a reflection is made on the occupation of the Cantabrian mountains at the beginning of the Holocene.

The Romanian Academic Novel and Film through the Postcommunism/Postcolonialism Lens

2019

The last two decades have witnessed an intensified academic interest in a potential rapprochement between Postcolonial Studies and Postcommunist Studies, the former a firmly established discipline in global academia, while the existence of the latter as a discipline in its own right is still debatable. As the possibility of this alliance is – as was to be expected – both contested and supported by various scholars, this article attempts to investigate this issue as illustrated by the postcommunist Romanian academic novel. Aware as it is of contemporary intellectual debates, the genre of the academic (or campus) novel seems particularly suitable for shedding light on the matter: academic fic…

Second order nonlinear optics in AlGaAs metasurfaces

2023

Recently, nonlinear optics at the nanoscale level has emerged as a promising branch of nanophotonics. In this work, we focus our attention on Aluminum Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs) nanoantennas and metasurfaces for efficient and controlled second harmonic photon emission. After a brief introduction concerning the main studies in this field, we present the latest results achieved in AlGaAs platforms both in the lossless and absorption regimes.

Fundamental limits for transmission modulation in VO2 metasurfaces

2022

The interest in dynamic modulation of light by ultra-thin materials exhibiting insulator–metal phase transition, such as VO 2 , has rapidly grown due to the myriad industrial applications, including smart windows and optical limiters. However, for applications in the telecommunication spectral band, the light modulation through a thin VO 2 film is low due to the presence of strong material loss. Here, we demonstrate tailored nanostructuring of VO 2 to dramatically enhance its transmission modulation, reaching a value as high as 0.73, which is 2 times larger than the previous modulation achieved. The resulting designs, including free-topology optimization, demonstrate the fundamental limit i…

Manipulating Light with Tunable Nanoantennas and Metasurfaces

2022

The extensive progress in nanofabrication techniques enabled innovative methods for molding light at the nanoscale. Subwavelength structured optical elements and, in general, metasurfaces and metamaterials achieved promising results in several research areas, such as holography, microscopy, sensing and nonlinear optics. Still, a demanding challenge is represented by the development of innovative devices with reconfigurable optical properties. Here, we review recent achievements in the field of tunable metasurface. After a brief general introduction about metasurfaces, we will discuss two different mechanisms to implement tunable properties of optical elements at the nanoscale. In particular…