Search results for "ANTIBIOTICS"
showing 10 items of 472 documents
Observational Study of Antibiotic Usage at the Children’s Clinical University Hospital in Riga, Latvia
2018
Background and objectives: Many pediatric patients have been treated with antibiotics during their hospitalization. There is a need to improve antibiotic prescribing for pediatric patients because many of these prescriptions are inappropriate. Antibiotic consumption analysis was conducted at the Children&rsquo
Inulin-based polymer coated SPIONs as potential drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy
2014
This paper deal with the synthesis and characterization of PEGylated squalene-grafted-inulin amphiphile capable of self-assembling and self-organizing into nanocarriers once placed in aqueous media. It was exploited as coating agent for obtaining doxorubicin loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) endowed with stealth like behavior and excellent physicochemical stability. Inulin was firstly modified in the side chain with primary amine groups, followed in turn by conjugation with squalenoyl derivatives through common amidic coupling agents and PEGylation by imine linkage. Polymer coated SPIONs were so obtained by spontaneous self-assembling of inulin copolymer onto magnet…
Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma.
2014
Summary Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma (IFAG) is a condition that is commonly encountered in clinical practice, but is rarely reported. It appears in childhood and its pathogenesis is still unknown. It has a benign course with resolution within a few months without aggressive treatment. Microbiological tests are negative and histological findings are nonspecific. It is possible that this condition is part of the spectrum of granulomatous rosacea in childhood. We present two cases in which diagnosis of IFAG was established and resolved without sequelae following topical antibiotic treatment.
Food-mediated modulation of immunity in a phytophagous insect: An effect of nutrition rather than parasitic contamination.
2015
7 pages; International audience; Inherent to the cost of immunity, the immune system itself can exhibit tradeoffs between its arms. Phytophagous insects face a wide range of microbial and eukaryotic parasites, each activating different immune pathways that could compromise the activity of the others. Feeding larvae are primarily exposed to microbes, which growth is controlled by antibiotic secondary metabolites produced by the host plant. The resulting variation in abundance of microbes on plants is expected to differentially stimulate the insect antimicrobial immune defenses. Under the above tradeoff hypothesis, stimulation of the insect antimicrobial defenses is expected to compromise imm…
Infections in implantology: From prophylaxis to treatment
2007
Since the introduction of osseointegrated implant treatment, odontology, and in particular the area of prosthodontic replacement of lost teeth, has evolved in an unimaginable way, to the extent that the age-old idea of "restitutio ad integrum" has almost become possible. Implant treatment has a high success rate that has been rated as high as 95 to 99%, according to different casuists, but there is another group of cases in which implants fail, and in fact it is hard to know the causes of such failures. The microbiological component plays an important role in encouraging and facilitating implant infection during implant placement, and also later when the implant is in function in the mouth,…
The potential of antimicrobial peptides isolated from freshwater crayfish species in new drug development: A review
2021
Abstract The much-publicised increased resistance of pathogenic bacteria to conventional antibiotics has focused research effort on the characterization of new antimicrobial drugs. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) extracted from animals are considered a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. In recent years, freshwater crayfish species have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds. In fact, these invertebrates rely on an innate immune system based on cellular responses and on the production of important effectors in the haemolymph, such as AMPs, which are produced and stored in granules in haemocytes and released after stimulation. These effectors are …
Immune mediators of sea-cucumber Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata) as source of novel antimicrobial and anti-staphylococcal biofilm agents
2013
The present study aims to investigate coelomocytes, immune mediators cells in the echinoderm Holothuria tubulosa, as an unusual source of antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents. The activity of the 5kDa peptide fraction of the cytosol from H. tubulosa coelomocytes (5-HCC) was tested against a reference group of Gram-negative and Gram-positive human pathogens. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 125 to 500 mg/ml were determined against tested strains. The observed biological activity of 5-HCC could be due to two novel peptides, identified by capillary RP-HPLC/nESI-MS/MS, which present the common chemical-physical characteristics of antimicrobial peptides. Such peptides were c…
Targeting antibiotic resistant bacteria with phage reduces bacterial density in an insect host
2019
Phage therapy is attracting growing interest among clinicians as antibiotic resistance continues becoming harder to control. However, clinical trials and animal model studies on bacteriophage treatment are still scarce and results on the efficacy vary. Recent research suggests that using traditional antimicrobials in concert with phage could have desirable synergistic effects that hinder the evolution of resistance. Here, we present a novel insect gut model to study phage–antibiotic interaction in a system where antibiotic resistance initially exists in very low frequency and phage specifically targets the resistance bearing cells. We demonstrate that while phage therapy could not reduce th…
Josamycin Concentration in Human Ejaculate and its Influence on Sperm Motility/Josamycinkonzentrationsbestimmung in menschlichem Ejakulat und deren E…
2009
The concentration of josamycin was determined in the split ejaculate of 5 volunteers after oral administration for several days. One aim of this investigation was to examine the penetration of the macrolide antibiotic into the prostate and the seminal vesicles. 2.23 +/- 1.8 micrograms/ml josamycin was found in fraction I of the ejaculate, consisting mostly of prostatic secretion, and 1.56 +/- 1.37 micrograms/ml josamycin in fraction II comprising mainly secretions from the seminal vesicles. The concentrations of josamycin found in both fractions of the ejaculate are clearly comparable with serum levels of the antibiotic. Josamycin thus attains concentrations in the prostate and seminal vesi…
Genetic ablation of mast cells redefines the role of mast cells in skin wound healing and bleomycin-induced fibrosis.
2014
Conclusive evidence for the impact of mast cells (MCs) in skin repair is still lacking. Studies in mice examining the role of MC function in the physiology and pathology of skin regenerative processes have obtained contradictory results. To clarify the specific role of MCs in regenerative conditions, here we used a recently developed genetic mouse model that allows conditional MC ablation to examine MC-specific functions in skin. This mouse model is based on the cell type–specific expression of Cre recombinase in connective tissue–type MCs under control of the Mcpt5 promoter and the Cre-inducible diphtheria toxin receptor–mediated cell lineage ablation by diphtheria toxin. In response to ex…