Search results for "ANTIBODIES"

Serotherapy with thymoglobulin and alemtuzumab differentially influences frequency and function of natural killer cells after allogeneic stem cell tr…

2007

Although thymoglobulin and alemtuzumab are frequently used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), little is known of their effects on NK cells, which mediate important functions in post-transplantation immunology. In the present study, we determined NK cell death in vitro using propidium iodide and Annexin V. The NK cell activity in 34 patients at day +30 after allogeneic HSCT was assessed using the CD107a assay. Alemtuzumab and thymoglobulin were similarly very potent in inducing NK cell death in vitro. Even in low concentrations (1 microg/ml) the antibodies induced apoptosis and necrosis in a relevant percentage of NK cells (30%). However, the number of tumor reactive (CD107a+…

Phenotype and functional changes of Vγ9/Vδ2 T lymphocytes in Behçet's disease and the effect of infliximab on Vγ9/Vδ2 T cell expansion, activation an…

2010

Introduction: Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) that has been introduced recently for Behcet's disease (BD) patients who were resistant to standard treatment. The aim of this study was to analyse the functional changes of Vγ9/Vδ2 T lymphocytes in both active and inactive disease and the effect of infliximab on Vγ9/Vδ2 T cell expansion, activation and cytotoxicity. Methods: We investigated 1) cell expansion, 2) expression of TNFRII receptor, 3) perforin and gamma interferon (IFN) content, 4) release of granzyme A (GrA) and 5) phenotype changes, in vitro and in vivo, in Vγ9/Vδ2 T lymphocytes by means of fluorescence-activated cell sorter …

[The distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in the drug-dependent population in Palermo].

1999

Antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen in blood donors screened for alanine aminotransferase level and hepatitis non-A, non-B in recipients.

1988

Four-hundred and seventeen patients undergoing open-heart surgery were followed for more than 9 months after transfusion. All 2270 blood units transfused had alanine aminotransferase levels less than or equal to 30 U/l. Blood units positive for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were more frequently associated with recipient hepatitis non-A, non-B (HNANB) (13.7%) than anti-HBc-negative units (4.2%) (p less than 0.001). The frequency of HNANB among recipients of at least 1 anti-HBc-positive blood unit (8/79, 10.1%) was fivefold greater than among recipients of exclusively anti-HBc-negative blood units (7/338, 2.1%) (p less than 0.01). In this study the exclusion of donors posi…

Interferon-Beta Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis Patients Improves the Responsiveness of T Cells for Immune Suppression by Regulatory T Cells

2015

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by imbalanced immune regulatory networks, and MS patient-derived T effector cells are inefficiently suppressed through regulatory T cells (Treg), a phenomenon known as Treg resistance. In the current study we investigated T cell function in MS patients before and after interferon-beta therapy. We compared cytokine profile, responsiveness for Treg-mediated suppression ex vivo and evaluated reactivity of T cells in vivo using a humanized mouse model. We found that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of therapy-naive MS patients were resistant to Treg-mediated suppression. Treg resistance is associated with an augmented IL-6 product…

Bendamustine with or without rituximab in the treatment of relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an Italian retrospective study.

2011

To retrospectively assess the efficacy of bendamustine alone and with rituximab (R-B), 109 patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) were enrolled in 24 Italian centres. The median age was 66 years (range 39-85). Forty-three percent of patients had relapsed and 57% were resistant (median previous therapies = 3; range 1-8). Twenty-two patients received bendamustine alone and 87 patients received R-B (median B dosage: 100 mg/m(2) per day, range 90-130 mg/m(2) per day). The overall response rate was 69·6% (complete response 28·6%; partial response 41%), and was significantly higher in patients treated with R-B (P = 0·014) and in those responsive to the previous treatment (P=0·…

SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence after five and twelve months: A cohort study from South-Eastern Norway

2022

Objectives To assess total antibody levels against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) spike protein up to 12 months after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) infection in non-vaccinated individuals and the possible predictors of antibody persistence. Methods This is the first part of a prospective multi-centre cohort study. Participants The study included SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive and negative participants in South-Eastern Norway from February to December 2020. Possible predictors of SARS-CoV-2 total antibody persistence was assessed. The SARS-CoV-2 total antibody levels against spike protein were measured three to five months aft…

Thymidylate synthase gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with TSmRNA expressions but not with microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer

2005

Abstract BACKGROUND: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a biological characteristic of most tumours, being involved in 85% of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). It also occurs in 10-15% of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRC). HNPCC appears to be caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, which are responsible for repairing single base-pair mismatches. MSI is also associated with a better response of CRC to adjuvant chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidines. We investigated any relationship between the MSI status and the TSmRNA expression, the polymorphisms of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU cellular target, the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) and TS expression evaluated by…

Topographic heterogeneity of amyloid B-protein epitopes in brains with various forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses suggesting defective processin…

1990

To verify our hypothesis of defective protease inhibitor domains that are encoded by abnormal processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in brains of patients with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL), immunohistochemical and cytochemical studies were performed with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against various domains of APP. For the studies, 22 autopsy brains were used: 12 with different forms of NCL, and 10 control brains. The staining procedure for the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) technique and the postembedding gold-labelled procedure for electron microscopy (EM) were employed. Of all mAbs used for the study, only mAbs generated against amyloid B-protein bound to neural tissu…

The 9-O-acetylated disialosyl carbohydrate sequence of CDw60 is a marker on activated human B lymphocytes

1998

Gangliosides with a terminal 9-O-acetylated disialosyl group (CDw60 structures) show a restricted surface expression on human leukocytes. Hithereto, they have only been detected on subpopulations of human T lymphocytes. Using the defined CDw60 antibody UM4D4 and two new antibodies with preferential CDw60 activities, F6 and Z17, we demonstrate for the first time that CDw60 is an activation marker on human B lymphocytes. In vitro phorbol ester-stimulated human peripheral blood B lymphocytes as well as in vivo activated tonsillar B lymphocytes became CDw60 positive. CDw60 expression of these cells exceeds that of resting and activated T-lymphocytes.