Search results for "APIs"

Does Holistic Processing Require a Large Brain? Insights From Honeybees and Wasps in Fine Visual Recognition Tasks

2018

The expertise of humans for recognizing faces is largely based on holistic processing mechanism, a sophisticated cognitive process that develops with visual experience. The various visual features of a face are thus glued together and treated by the brain as a unique stimulus, facilitating robust recognition. Holistic processing is known to facilitate fine discrimination of highly similar visual stimuli, and involves specialized brain areas in humans and other primates. Although holistic processing is most typically employed with face stimuli, subjects can also learn to apply similar image analysis mechanisms when gaining expertise in discriminating novel visual objects, like becoming exper…

"Miehullisesti sotiman Kuningan ja Isänmaan edestä" : seurakuntapapiston käsitykset yhteiskunnasta Kustaa III:n sodan aikaisissa saarnoissa Ruotsin v…

2015

Papit olivat varhaismodernilla ajalla merkittäviä toimijoita Ruotsin valtakunnan paikallisyhteisöissä, joissa he olivat hengellisten toimiensa ohessa sidoshenkilöitä maallisen esivallan ja tavallisen kansan välillä. Pappien toiminta paikallisyhteisöissä korostui erityisesti sodan kaltaisten kriisitilanteiden aikana, jolloin valtakunnan sisäinen yhtenäisyys nousi keskeiseen rooliin. Tässä tutkielmassa tarkastellaan papiston käsityksiä yhteiskunnasta vuosina 1788–1790 käydyn Kustaa III:n sodan aikana. Sotien voidaan katsoa lähtökohtaisesti kärjistäneen ja tuoneen selkeämmiksi papiston saarnastuolista julistamia yhteiskunnallisia näkökantoja. 1700-luvulla yhteiskunta alkoi hiljalleen moniarvoi…

The idea of mission in Finnish clerical Lutheranism during the Continuation War 1941–1944

2014

ABSTRACT. On 25 June 1941 Finland embarked on a war against the Soviet Union, as part of Germany’s Operation Barbarossa. The war that was about to begin could be considered acceptable and even advantageous politically. However, theologically this was not necessarily the case. The topic of the article is how the war between the states of Finland and the Soviet Union could be justified publicly in relation to a religion whose core message is not to kill, to turn the other cheek to – and even love – the enemy. Due to the close and long-lasting relationship between the state, the army and the established church, Lutheran priests had a significant role in the war effort. The analysis shows that …

Early sudden gains in an acceptance and values-based intervention: Effects on treatment outcome for depression and psychological flexibility

2018

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to explore early temporal patterns of change in a treatment delivered by novice therapists. We examined if early sudden gains (ESGs) in a six-session acceptance and values-based intervention would produce superior treatment outcomes when compared to slower improvements. Method The temporal patterns of change of 56 clients diagnosed with depression were analyzed. ESGs were defined as reaching the status of recovered or improved in the Reliable Change Index (RCI) (Jacobson & Truax (1991)) classification after two sessions. The group with ESGs was then compared to participants without ESGs for differences in treatment outcome on measures of symptoma…

A brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention for depression : A randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up for the intervention group

2018

Abstract Objective This study examined the outcomes of a brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for depression delivered by novice therapists. Method Participants (N = 115) were randomized either to the brief (six sessions) ACT or to a waitlist control condition (WLC). Outcomes were assessed with diagnoses of depressive episodes (ICD-10) and questionnaires. Results After the 6-week intervention, diagnostic remission rates were 60% in the ACT and 22% in the control group. Further, 70% of the ACT participants were classified as either recovered or improved. The post-measurement between-group effect size for depression symptoms was large and favored the ACT group (BDI-II, d…

What happens after five years?: The long-term effects of a four-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy delivered by student therapists for depress…

2017

Brief interventions can be viable treatment options worth consideration in addressing the growing need for treatments of subclinical and clinical depressive symptoms. However, there is uncertainty regarding the long-term benefits of these interventions. The aim was to examine the long-term (5-year) effects of a 4-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for low mood delivered by novice therapists in order to see whether lasting effects could be achieved cost-effectively with four intervention sessions. Originally, 57 self-referred clients were randomized into two groups: an intervention group and a waiting-list control group which received treatment later. The groups wer…

Predicting response to interpersonal counselling (IPC) from case formulation : a systematic comparison between recovered and unchanged depressive cas…

2019

We sought to explore how the process between the counsellor and patient for arriving at a case formulation may predict the outcome of manualized interpersonal counselling (IPC) for depression in primary care. Qualitative content analysis and applied conversation analysis (CA) were used to achieve depth in the understanding of case formulation process among five patients who recovered and five who were unchanged according to quantitative post-treatment change rates derived from Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation– Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). Interaction in the case formulations for the recovered group was generally characterized by a joint construction effort between the counsellor and th…

Changes in Mindfulness Facets and Psychological Flexibility Associated with Changes in Depressive Symptoms in a Brief Acceptance and Value Based Inte…

2018

Long-term stability of early sudden gains in an acceptance and values-based intervention

2019

Though previous research has extensively reported that sudden gains are associated with superior treatment results, research on the long-term effects and stability of sudden gains is not as consistent. The current study explored the long-term stability of early sudden gains (ESGs) observed in a brief acceptance and values-based intervention for depression provided by novice therapists. The participants were 56 volunteers diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Among the participants, 23% experienced ESGs, i.e. they reached the status of improved or recovered in the Reliable Change Index (RCI; Jacobson & Truax, 1991) classification after only two sessions. The current study examined the le…

ACTing for depressive symptoms : a longitudinal study of a brief 4-session acceptance- and value-based intervention for symptoms of depression

2018

The main objective of this study was to investigate a brief 4-session intervention based on a theoretical framework of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and to explore its short- and long-term effectiveness among individuals reporting depressive symptoms. Additionally, the research aimed at further exploring the elements of psychological flexibility and mindfulness associated with improvements in depressive symptoms. The dissertation comprises three studies. Study I investigated the effectiveness of the brief intervention compared to a waiting-list control group. In total, 57 participants were randomized into either the ACT intervention (n = 28) or the waiting-list control (WLC; n = …