Search results for "ARCHITECTURE"

showing 10 items of 3706 documents

Analysis of hazardous chemicals by “stand alone” drift tube ion mobility spectrometry: a review

2020

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a widely used technique based on gas phase ion separation under an electric field by differences in ion mobilities. In the last decade, IMS techniques have received increased attention due to their high operational speed and sensitivity. Currently, there are different IMS devices focused on solving different analytical performances, mainly based on linear drift tube (DT IMS), traveling wave, and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometers. In this review we summarize the main applications of DT-IMS devices for the determination of semi-volatile hazardous chemicals such as: illegal drugs, pesticides, explosives, chemical warfare agents, and others,…

Drift tubeExplosive materialSpectrometerbusiness.industryIon-mobility spectrometryGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral EngineeringLinear driftAnalytical ChemistryIonHazardous wasteComputer Science::Networking and Internet ArchitectureEnvironmental scienceAsymmetric waveformProcess engineeringbusinessAnalytical Methods
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Amphiphilic HPMA-LMA copolymers increase the transport of Rhodamine 123 across a BBB model without harming its barrier integrity.

2012

Abstract The successful non-invasive treatment of diseases associated with the central nervous system (CNS) is generally limited by poor brain permeability of various developed drugs. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) prevents the passage of therapeutics to their site of action. Polymeric drug delivery systems are promising solutions to effectively transport drugs into the brain. We recently showed that amphiphilic random copolymers based on the hydrophilic p(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide), pHPMA, possessing randomly distributed hydrophobic p(laurylmethacrylate), pLMA, are able to mediate delivery of domperidone into the brain of mice in vivo. To gain further insight into structure–propert…

Drug CarriersPharmaceutical SciencePolymer architectureBiological TransportPharmacologyBlood–brain barrierRhodamine 123Models BiologicalPermeabilityCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryTranscytosisIn vivoBlood-Brain BarrierNanoparticles for drug delivery to the brainAmphiphilemedicineHumansMethacrylatesRhodamine 123Barrier functionFluorescent DyesJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society
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“L’arte dei muri a secco”, confronti tra esperienze per la conservazione del patrimonio culturale dei paesaggi rurali

2023

The European rural landscape has been designed for centuries by the art of the construction of dry stone walls and by the arrangement of terraced bands, becoming a cultural expression of identity common also to rural contexts geographically distant from each other. In 2018, eight European countries obtained the transnational recognition of the “Art of dry stone walls” in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. The contribution questions, on the basis of some case studies, how UNESCO recognition can concretely favor the start of that necessary support for studies and conservation of the knowledge preserved in the experience of the workers, who often lack professional recognition and re…

Dry-stone walling Conservation Intangible heritage Cultural landscape Rural architectureSettore ICAR/19 - RestauroRestauro Archeologico
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A novel methodology for accelerating bitstream relocation in partially reconfigurable systems

2012

International audience; Xilinx Virtex FPGAs offer the possibility of Partial Reconfiguration (PR). Arbitrary tasks can be allocated and de-allocated onto FPGA without system interruption. However, mapping a task to any available PR region requires a unique partial bitstream for each partition, hence reducing memory storage requirements. In recent years, an interest on overcoming this problem has lead to the concept of Partial Bitstream Relocation (PBR). The principle is to perform bitstream modification to map it to different regions. However, PBR consumes scarce resources in hardware implementations, and introduces a prohibitive time overhead when done in software. In order to find the bes…

Dynamic Partial ReconfigurationComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceBitstream Relocation02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSoftwareArtificial Intelligence0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[ INFO.INFO-ES ] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded SystemsBitstreamField-programmable gate arrayFPGA010302 applied physicsVirtexbusiness.industryControl reconfigurationPartition (database)020202 computer hardware & architecture[INFO.INFO-ES] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded SystemsHardware and ArchitectureEmbedded systemReconfigurable Computing[INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded SystemsbusinessRelocationEmbedded SystemsSoftware
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A Novel Energy Model for MANETs based on Graphs with Activation Windows

2005

Energy usage optimization is still an important issue and a critical design factor for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Only recently a few proposals appeared that consider energy-aware optimizations for routing protocols. In this paper we describe an analytical model for MANETs which is based on graphs with activation windows. The activation windows allow to model the on-off status of the network devices. Moreover, we propose an algorithm with pseudo-polynomial complexity, called STP algorithm (STPA), that based on the current position and state of the nodes determines the shortest time path between the source node and the destination node.

Dynamic Source RoutingComputer sciencebusiness.industryWireless ad hoc networkNode (networking)Distributed computingWireless Routing ProtocolMobile ad hoc networkLink-state routing protocolOptimized Link State Routing ProtocolComputer Science::Networking and Internet ArchitectureDestination-Sequenced Distance Vector routingbusinessComputer network13th Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing
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Logic-Based Distributed Routing for NoCs

2008

The design of scalable and reliable interconnection networks for multicore chips (NoCs) introduces new design constraints like power consumption, area, and ultra low latencies. Although 2D meshes are usually proposed for NoCs, heterogeneous cores, manufacturing defects, hard failures, and chip virtualization may lead to irregular topologies. In this context, efficient routing becomes a challenge. Although switches can be easily configured to support most routing algorithms and topologies by using routing tables, this solution does not scale in terms of latency and area. We propose a new circuit that removes the need for using routing tables. The new mechanism, referred to as logic-based dis…

Dynamic Source RoutingZone Routing ProtocolStatic routingbusiness.industryComputer scienceRouting tablePolicy-based routingLink-state routing protocolHardware and ArchitectureMultipath routingHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSDestination-Sequenced Distance Vector routingbusinessComputer networkIEEE Computer Architecture Letters
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The Capacitated Arc Routing Problem: Lower bounds

1992

In this paper, we consider the Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP), in which a fleet of vehicles, based on a specified vertex (the depot) and with a known capacity Q, must service a subset of the edges of a graph, with minimum total cost and such that the load assigned to each vehicle does not exceed its capacity. New lower bounds are developed for this problem, producing at least as good results as the already existing ones. Three of the proposed lower bounds are obtained from the resolution of a minimum cost perfect matching problem. The fourth one takes into account the vehicle capacity and is computed using a dynamic programming algorithm. Computational results, in which these bounds…

Dynamic programmingMathematical optimizationComputer Networks and CommunicationsHardware and ArchitectureTotal costAlgorithmArc routingSoftwareGraphInformation SystemsMathematicsNetworks
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Embedded Model Control and dynamic simulation

2006

Embedded model control (EMC) is and end-to-end control technology addressed to industrial engineers and centered on the embedded model, a stylized discrete-time state equation of the whole plant, including environment, communication and computing resources. The embedded model, which is the core of the control unit, is derived and validated from a fine model of the plant which is implemented as a simulator code. The latter acts as a faithful and friendly test-bench where assessing control units before they are loaded into target processor. The paper illustrates the requirements and architecture of the EMC simulator under continuous improvement. A case study closes the paper.

Dynamic simulationModel controlEngineeringStylized factbusiness.industryEmbedded systemControl (management)Code (cryptography)Control unitControl engineeringArchitecturebusiness2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
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A distributed dynamic load balancer and its implementation on multi-transputer systems for molecular dynamics simulation

1990

Abstract A new and efficient approach is described to the dynamic load-balancing problem which is central in concurrent computing. A transputer-based implementation is tested on a molecular dynamics simulation of spinodal phase separation.

Dynamic simulationSpinodalMolecular dynamicsPhase transitionHardware and ArchitectureSpinodal decompositionComputer scienceTransputerGeneral Physics and AstronomyConcurrent computingParallel computingDynamic load testingComputer Physics Communications
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Vector representation of non-standard spellings using dynamic time warping and a denoising autoencoder

2017

The presence of non-standard spellings in Twitter causes challenges for many natural language processing tasks. Traditional approaches mainly regard the problem as a translation, spell checking, or speech recognition problem. This paper proposes a method that represents the stochastic relationship between words and their non-standard versions in real vectors. The method uses dynamic time warping to preprocess the non-standard spellings and autoencoder to derive the vector representation. The derived vectors encode word patterns and the Euclidean distance between the vectors represents a distance in the word space that challenges the prevailing edit distance. After training the autoencoder o…

Dynamic time warpingArtificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industrySpeech recognition020208 electrical & electronic engineeringPattern recognitionContext (language use)02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesTranslation (geometry)01 natural sciencesAutoencoderEuclidean distance0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEdit distanceArtificial intelligenceHidden Markov modelbusinessWord (computer architecture)0105 earth and related environmental sciences2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)
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