Search results for "ARTERIAL"
showing 10 items of 714 documents
Estimation of pulmonary arterial pressure by measuring the size of the right pulmonary artery in the suprasternal echocardiogram.
1982
We studied 175 patients within 24 hr before cardiac catheterization with suprasternal echocardiography to evaluate whether pulmonary arterial hypertension can be derived by measuring the size of the right pulmonary artery. Group I consisted of 103 patients without pulmonary arterial hypertension (enddiastolic less than or equal to 12 mm Hg; mean pressure less than 20 mm Hg) and group II consisted of 72 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The right pulmonary artery could be imaged in 91.2% of the patients studied. The size of the right pulmonary artery at the end of diastole in group I measured 17.9 +/- 0.2 mm (mean +/- SEM) and correlated best to the body surface area in this gro…
Endovascular therapy for vasospasm after aneurysmatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
2016
Balloon angioplasty and/or selective intra-arterial vasodilator therapies are treatment options in patients with vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We analyzed the effect of balloon angioplasty and/or selective intra-arterial vasodilator therapy in our patients.Twenty-six patients (vasodilation group, VDT) were treated with intra-arterial nimodipine. The balloon angioplasty with nimodiopine-group (BAP-N group) comprised 21 patients. The primary endpoint of this study was successful angiographic vessel dilation in vasospastic vessels after balloon angioplasty, together with nimodipine (BAP-N group), compared to intra-arterial vasodilator therapy (VDT group) with nimodipine alone.…
Exploring directionality in spontaneous heart period and systolic pressure variability interactions in humans: implications in the evaluation of baro…
2004
Although in physiological conditions RR interval and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) are likely to interact in a closed loop, the traditional cross-spectral analysis cannot distinguish feedback (FB) from feedforward (FF) influences. In this study, a causal approach was applied for calculating the coherence from SAP to RR ( Ks-r) and from RR to SAP ( Kr-s) and the gain and phase of the baroreflex transfer function. The method was applied, compared with the noncausal one, to RR and SAP series taken from 15 healthy young subjects in the supine position and after passive head-up tilt. For the low frequency (0.04–0.15 Hz) spectral component, the enhanced FF coupling ( Kr-s = 0.59 ± 0.21, signi…
Impact of chronic psychosocial stress on autonomic cardiovascular regulation in otherwise healthy subjects.
2005
Elevated psychosocial stress might favor the occurrence of cardiovascular disease; however, mechanisms are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that patients (n=126; 44±1 years of age) referred to an internal medicine clinic because of symptoms related to chronic psychosocial stress would demonstrate signs of autonomic dysregulation compared with controls (n=132; 42±1 years of age). We used autoregressive spectral analysis of RR interval variability to obtain indirect markers of sympathetic and of vagal (respectively, low-frequency and high-frequency components, both expressed in normalized units) oscillatory modulation of sinoatrial node, as well as of sympathetic vasomotor regulation…
Feasibility of cuff-free measurement of systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure
2011
We validated a prototype cuff-free device for noninvasive estimation of blood pressure (BP). The system assumed a linear relation between BP values and the inverse of arterial blood pulse transit time, measured as time interval between the R wave on the electrocardiograph and the onset of the peripheral pulse wave on a finger plethysmogram. Thirty-three healthy subjects were analyzed at rest and during increasing stress exercise. To estimate subject-specific linear model parameters, the system was calibrated ad personam with reference to BP measures obtained by a cuff sphygmomanometer. High correlation values (R2= 0.89 and 0.78 for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively) and differences co…
Effect of nighttime aircraft noise exposure on endothelial function and stress hormone release in healthy adults.
2013
Aims Aircraft noise disturbs sleep, and long-term exposure has been shown to be associated with increases in the prevalence of hypertension and an overall increased risk for myocardial infarction. The exact mechanisms responsible for these cardiovascular effects remain unclear. Methods and results We performed a blinded field study in 75 healthy volunteers (mean age 26 years), who were exposed at home, in random order, to one control pattern (no noise) and two different noise scenarios [30 or 60 aircraft noise events per night with an average maximum sound pressure level (SPL) of 60 dB(A)] for one night each. We performed polygraphy during each study night. Noise caused a worsening in sleep…
Interdisciplinary treatment of diabetic foot wounds in the elderly : Low risk of amputations and mortality and good chance of being mobile with good …
2016
Aims: A major proportion of patients with diabetic foot syndrome are older than 65 years. Little is known about outcomes of these elderly patients. Methods: We analysed 245 treatment cases in an observational single-centre study for comorbidities and outcomes over a 6-month period. Results: In all, 122 patients had peripheral arterial disease which was significantly increasing with age ( n = 245, df = 1, χ2 = 23.06, p ⩽ 0.0001). Increasing age correlated positively with decreasing rate of revascularisations ( n = 122, df = 1, χ2 = 4.23, p = 0.039). In total, 23 (9.3%) patients died in the observation period. In-hospital mortality was 2.8%, percentage of major amputations 2.8%. In the invasi…
Short and long term results after intracoronary stenting in human coronary arteries: monocentre experience with the balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz …
1991
OBJECTIVE--Intracoronary stenting was designed to overcome acute complications after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and to achieve a reduced rate of restenosis, both of which are major limitations of this well accepted method for treating coronary heart disease. This report describes the experience at one centre with the implantation of balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stents and focuses on device related complications and the short and long term angiographic outcome. DESIGN--A retrospective data analysis. PATIENTS--Stenting was attempted in 50 patients. Restenosis after an initially successful angioplasty procedure, inadequate postangioplasty results, saphenous coronary byp…
New balloon catheter for prolonged percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and bypass flow in occluded vessels.
1986
A new balloon catheter was developed for continuous perfusion of coronary arteries during angioplasty (CPC catheter). Steerable Gruntzig balloon catheters (3.7 mm) with two lumina were formed. The first lumen was used for balloon inflation. Side holes to the second lumen proximally and distally to the balloon were created for coronary perfusion even during inflation phase. At a perfusion pressure of 120 mmHg, a flow rate of 63 +/- 3 ml/min with 0.9% saline and 43 +/- 1 ml/min with plasma expander were measured. In experiments on five dogs, dilation time until appearance of signs of ischemia could be prolonged in three of five dogs from 30 to 40 s, 120 to 203 s, and 180 to 420 s comparing co…
Clinical correlates of renal dysfunction in hypertensive patients without cardiovascular complications: the REDHY study
2009
Our study was aimed to assess the clinical correlates of different degrees of renal dysfunction in a wide group of non-diabetic hypertensive patients, free from cardiovascular (CV) complications and known renal diseases, participating to the REDHY (REnal Dysfunction in HYpertension) study. A total of 1856 hypertensive subjects (mean age: 47+/-14 years), attending our hypertension centre, were evaluated. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study prediction equation. A 24-h urine sample was collected to determine albumin excretion rate (AER). Albuminuria was defined as an AER greater than 20 mug min(-1). We used the classi…