Search results for "ARTICLES"
showing 10 items of 9626 documents
Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of pulmonary invasive fungal disease after respiratory virus infection in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell tra…
2019
Abstract Background There is growing evidence that community‐acquired respiratory virus (CARV) increases the risk of pulmonary invasive fungal disease (IFD) in the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) setting. To date, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the risk factors (RFs), as well as the most critical period for subsequent onset of IFD after CARV infections in allo‐HSCT recipients. Methods In this prospective longitudinal observational CARV survey, we analyzed the effect of CARV on subsequent IFD development in 287 adult allo‐HSCT recipients diagnosed with 597 CARV episodes from December 2013 to December 2018. Multiplex PCR panel assays were used to test CA…
Patient-Reported Nonadherence with Glaucoma Therapy
2019
Abstract Purpose: Effective glaucoma therapy relies to a great extent on the patients' ability to regularly self-administer eye drops. This study aimed to assess self-reported nonadherence and to identify potential barriers to adherence in glaucoma patients. Methods: Participants completed a 16-item questionnaire, designed to examine nonadherence rate and assess the therapy experience. Inclusion criteria stipulated treatment duration of at least 1 year. Nonadherence was defined as missing ≥5% of the prescribed pressure-lowering eye drops doses. Results: In total, 201 glaucoma patients aged 24–88 years were included. Mean treatment duration was 9.4 years. Nonadherence was reported by 30.3% o…
Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare professionals.
2020
Background Resilience can be defined as the maintenance or quick recovery of mental health during or after periods of stressor exposure, which may result from a potentially traumatising event, challenging life circumstances, a critical life transition phase, or physical illness. Healthcare professionals, such as nurses, physicians, psychologists and social workers, are exposed to various work-related stressors (e.g. patient care, time pressure, administration) and are at increased risk of developing mental disorders. This population may benefit from resilience-promoting training programmes. Objectives To assess the effects of interventions to foster resilience in healthcare professionals, t…
Motor imagery training: Kinesthetic imagery strategy and inferior parietal fMRI activation
2017
Motor imagery (MI) is the mental simulation of action frequently used by professionals in different fields. However, with respect to performance, well‐controlled functional imaging studies on MI training are sparse. We investigated changes in fMRI representation going along with performance changes of a finger sequence (error and velocity) after MI training in 48 healthy young volunteers. Before training, we tested the vividness of kinesthetic and visual imagery. During tests, participants were instructed to move or to imagine moving the fingers of the right hand in a specific order. During MI training, participants repeatedly imagined the sequence for 15 min. Imaging analysis was performed…
Which muscles compromise human locomotor performance with age?
2014
Ageing leads to a progressive decline in human locomotor performance. However, it is not known whether this decline results from reduced joint moment and power generation of all lower limb muscle groups or just some of them. To further our understanding of age-related locomotor decline, we compare the amounts of joint moments and powers generated by lower limb muscles during walking (self-selected), running (4 m s −1 ) and sprinting (maximal speed) among young, middle-aged and old adults. We find that age-related deficit in ankle plantarflexor moment and power generation becomes more severe as locomotion change from walking to running to sprinting. As a result, old adults generate more pow…
Distinctive Representation of Mispredicted and Unpredicted Prediction Errors in Human Electroencephalography
2015
The predictive coding model of perception proposes that neuronal responses are modulated by the amount of sensory input that the internal prediction cannot account for (i.e., prediction error). However, there is little consensus on what constitutes nonpredicted stimuli. Conceptually, whereas mispredicted stimuli may induce both prediction error generated by prediction that is not perceived and prediction error generated by sensory input that is not anticipated, unpredicted stimuli involves no top-down, only bottom-up, propagation of information in the system. Here, we examined the possibility that the processing of mispredicted and unpredicted stimuli are dissociable at the neurophysiologic…
T helper cell-mediated interferon-gamma expression after human parvovirus B19 infection: persisting VP2-specific and transient VP1u-specific activity.
2005
SummaryHuman parvovirus B19 is a small non-enveloped DNA virus with an icosahedral capsid consisting of proteins of only two species, the major protein VP2 and the minor protein VP1. VP2 is contained within VP1, which has an additional unique portion (VP1u) of 227 amino acids. We determined the ability of eukaryotically expressed parvovirus B19 virus-like particles consisting of VP1 and VP2 in the ratio recommended for vaccine use, or of VP2 alone, to stimulate, in an HLA class II restricted manner, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to proliferate and to secrete interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-10 cytokines among recently and remotely B19 infected subjects. PBMC reactiv…
Diagnosis and Classification of 17 Diseases from 1404 Subjects via Pattern Analysis of Exhaled Molecules.
2016
We report on an artificially intelligent nanoarray based on molecularly modified gold nanoparticles and a random network of single-walled carbon nanotubes for noninvasive diagnosis and classification of a number of diseases from exhaled breath. The performance of this artificially intelligent nanoarray was clinically assessed on breath samples collected from 1404 subjects having one of 17 different disease conditions included in the study or having no evidence of any disease (healthy controls). Blind experiments showed that 86% accuracy could be achieved with the artificially intelligent nanoarray, allowing both detection and discrimination between the different disease conditions examined.…
Effectiveness of a digital platform for sharing knowledge on headache management: a two-year experience
2018
It is crucial that all headache specialists receive adequate training. Considering the unsatisfactory results obtained with standard updating courses and the growing need for continuing professional education, a digital platform was developed as a training tool. The platform has been active since 1 October 2014. It is readily accessible to doctors by free registration. Users have access to all the material available on the platform, which includes scientific articles, e-books, presentations and images. Users can share their own material and clinical cases directly. At the time of this study, the platform had 37 users. In the second year following its launch 316 files were downloaded and fiv…
A multicenter phase III prospective randomized trial of high-dose epirubicin in combination with cyclophosphamide (EC) versus docetaxel followed by E…
2011
Background: The Gruppo Oncologico Italia Meridionale 9902 trial compared four cycles of high-dose epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide (EC) with four cycles of docetaxel (Taxotere, D) followed by four cycles of EC as adjuvant treatment of node-positive breast cancer. Patients and methods: Patients were randomly assigned to EC (E 120 mg/m 2 , C 600 mg/m 2 , arm A) for four cycles or four cycles of D (100 mg/m 2 ) followed by four cycles of EC (arm B), both regimens every 21 days. Hormone receptor-positive patients were given hormonal therapy for 5 years. Primary end point was 5-year disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary objectives were overall survival (OS) and safety. Results: There were 750 p…