Search results for "ASIS"
showing 10 items of 4190 documents
Identification of Metastasis Associated Antigen 1 (MTA1) by Serological Screening of Prostate Cancer cDNA Libraries
2008
Over the past 10 years the serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) has proved to be an effective method for the identification of tumour antigens. In the present study, two prostate cancer libraries were constructed and screened using autologous sera. Fifty five genes were isolated, including 46 known genes and 9 previously uncharacterised genes. Among the known genes, a metastasis-associated gene, MTA1, previously identified by differential cDNA hybridisation, was preferentially expressed in a panel of malignant tissues compared with normal tissues, as analysed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). MTA1 transcripts were observed to be ov…
Heat Shock Proteins in Renal Cell Carcinomas
2005
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents one of the most common cancer types in the Western World. One third of the RCC patients had metastasis at presentation with a poor 5-year survival. Nephrectomy is the most important treatment modality of this disease, since most of the RCCs are resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Recent immunotherapeutic approaches have been shown to improve the survival rate of RCC patients. Thus, RCC appears to have an immunogenic basis, and therefore represents an attractive target for immunotherapies. So far, only a few RCC-associated antigens have been characterized. However, with the implementation of ome-based technologies, an increasing nu…
Importance of HLA-DR+ and CD1a+ Epidermal Cells for Cytokine Production in Psoriasis
1995
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease characterised by marked hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in association with vascular expansion, leukocyte infiltration and lymphocyte activation1. Cytokines are thought to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis. It is speculated that a dysregulation of the cytokine network involving tumor-necrosis-factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) might be the basic mechanism of the psoriatic inflammatory response2. TNF-α is the prototype of a proinflammatory peptide exerting immunomodulatory effects. IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine with a broad range of biological functions in both acute and chronic inflammatory reactions. IL-8…
Estándares de Calidad de la cirugía de las metástasis hepáticas del cáncer de colon
2018
Las lesiones sólidas malignas más frecuentes en el hígado son las metástasis hepáticas (MH), de las cuales, aproximadamente el 40% son de tumores de origen colorrectal. El tratamiento curativo de las metástasis hepáticas de origen colorrectal (MHCCR) sigue siendo la resección hepática (RH), siempre que la cirugía logre una resección completa y se preserve suficiente parénquima hepático sano para mantener la función hepática mientras se produce la regeneración del órgano. A pesar del importante impacto que supone esta patología, actualmente no se dispone de una imagen global acerca de los resultados de esta cirugía. Para poder evaluar de forma objetiva la calidad en los resultados de la ciru…
Targeting Phosphatases and Kinases: How to Checkmate Cancer
2021
Metastatic disease represents the major cause of death in oncologic patients worldwide. Accumulating evidence have highlighted the relevance of a small population of cancer cells, named cancer stem cells (CSCs), in the resistance to therapies, as well as cancer recurrence and metastasis. Standard anti-cancer treatments are not always conclusively curative, posing an urgent need to discover new targets for an effective therapy. Kinases and phosphatases are implicated in many cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic transformation. These proteins are crucial regulators of intracellular signaling pathways mediating multiple cellular activities. Therefore, altera…
Meeting the Challenge of Targeting Cancer Stem Cells
2019
Notwithstanding cancer patients benefit from a plethora of therapeutic alternatives, drug resistance remains a critical hurdle. Indeed, the high mortality rate is associated with metastatic disease, which is mostly incurable due to the refractoriness of metastatic cells to current treatments. Increasing data demonstrate that tumors contain a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) able to establish primary tumor and metastasis. CSCs are endowed with multiple treatment resistance capabilities comprising a highly efficient DNA damage repair machinery, the activation of survival pathways, enhanced cellular plasticity, immune evasion and the adaptation to a hostile microenvironment. Due…
HER2 Signaling and Breast Cancer Stem Cells: The Bridge behind HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Aggressiveness and Therapy Refractoriness
2021
Simple Summary Breast cancer (BC) is not a single disease, but a group of different tumors, and altered HER2 expression defines a particularly aggressive subtype. Although HER2 pharmacological inhibition has dramatically improved the prognosis of HER2-positive BC patients, there is still an urgent need for improved knowledge of HER2 biology and mechanisms underlying HER2-driven aggressiveness and drug susceptibility. Emerging data suggest that the clinical efficacy of molecularly targeted therapies is related to their ability to target breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), a population that is not only self-sustaining and able to differentiate into distinct lineages, but also contributes to tum…
TAZ is required for metastatic activity and chemoresistance of breast cancer stem cells
2015
Metastatic growth in breast cancer (BC) has been proposed as an exclusive property of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, formal proof of their identity as cells of origin of recurrences at distant sites and the molecular events that may contribute to tumor cell dissemination and metastasis development are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we analyzed a set of patient-derived breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) lines. We found that in vitro BCSCs exhibit a higher chemoresistance and migratory potential when compared with differentiated, nontumorigenic, breast cancer cells (dBCCs). By developing an in vivo metastatic model simulating the disease of patients with early BC, we observed that BCSCs…
On the calculation of derived variables in the analysis of multivariate responses
1992
AbstractThe multivariate regression of a p × 1 vector Y of random variables on a q × 1 vector X of explanatory variables is considered. It is assumed that linear transformations of the components of Y can be the basis for useful interpretation whereas the components of X have strong individual identity. When p ≥ q a transformation is found to a new q × 1 vector of responses Y∗ such that in the multiple regression of, say, Y1∗ on X, only the coefficient of X1 is nonzero, i.e. such that Y1∗ is conditionally independent of X2, …, Xq, given X1. Some associated inferential procedures are sketched. An illustrative example is described in which the resulting transformation has aided interpretation.
Autologous fibrin sealant (Vivostat(®)) in the neurosurgical practice: Part I: Intracranial surgical procedure.
2014
Background: Hemorrhages, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula and infections are the most challenging postoperative complications in Neurosurgery. In this study, we report our preliminary results using a fully autologous fibrin sealant agent, the Vivostat ® system, in achieving hemostasis and CSF leakage repair during cranio‑cerebral procedures. Methods: From January 2012 to March 2014, 77 patients were studied prospectively and data were collected and analyzed. Autologous fibrin sealant, taken from patient’s blood, was prepared with the Vivostat ® system and applied on the resection bed or above the dura mater to achieve hemostasis and dural sealing. The surgical technique, time to bleeding c…