Search results for "ASPIRIN"
showing 10 items of 146 documents
Low-Dose Aspirin Use and Cognitive Function in Older Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
2017
Objectives:\ud \ud To investigate whether low-dose aspirin (<300 mg/d) can influence the onset of cognitive impairment or dementia in observational studies and improve cognitive test scores in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in participants without dementia.\ud \ud Design:\ud \ud Systematic review and meta-analysis.\ud \ud Setting:\ud \ud Observational and interventional studies.\ud \ud Participants:\ud \ud Individuals with no dementia or cognitive impairment initially.\ud \ud Measurements:\ud \ud Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for the maximum number of covariates from each study, were used to summarize data on the incidence of dementia and cognitive impa…
Action of low doses of Aspirin in Inflammation and Oxidative Stress induced by aβ
2019
Aspirin has been used as anti-inflammatory and anti-aggregate for decades but the precise mechanism(s) of action after the presence of the toxic peptide Aβ1-42 in cultured astrocytes remains poorly resolved. Here we use low-doses of aspirin (10-7 M) in astrocytes in primary culture in presence or absence of Aβ1-42 toxic peptide. We noted an increase of cell viability and proliferation with or without Aβ1-42 peptide presence in aspirin treated cells. In addition, a decrease in apoptosis, determined by Caspase 3 activity and the expression of Cyt c and Smac/Diablo, were detected. Also, aspirin diminished necrosis process (LDH levels), pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-β and TNF-α) and NF-ᴋB prot…
Intestinal Involvement in Kawasaki Disease
2018
Objectives To describe a case of Kawasaki disease with intestinal involvement and to analyze other published reports to define clinical characteristics, diagnostic issues, and therapeutic approaches of gastrointestinal involvement in Kawasaki disease. Study design A computerized search without language restriction was conducted using PubMed and SCOPUS. An article was considered eligible for inclusion in the systematic review if it reported data on patient(s) with intestinal involvement in Kawasaki disease. Our case was also included in the analysis. Results Thirty-three articles reporting 48 cases of Kawasaki disease with intestinal involvement were considered. Fever, abdominal pain, and vo…
Is Aspirin a Worthy Candidate in Preventing Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture?
2020
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) usually occurs with a thunderclap headache or the worst headache of a patient's life, leading to a neurologic emergency. Among cases of nontraumatic SAH, 80%–85% are caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and comprise 3% of all strokes in high-income countries In the years 2000–2008, the incidence of SAH was 4–7 per 100,000 person-years in high-income and low-to middle-income countries. Outcome after aneurysmal SAH depends on several factors, including severity of the initial hemorrhage, rebleeding, perioperative medical management, and timing and technical success for vascular malformation exclusion from the cerebral circulation. It has been estimated…
Effect of Rivaroxaban and Aspirin in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease Undergoing Surgical Revascularization: Insights From the VOYAGER PAD Tri…
2021
Background: Patients with peripheral artery disease requiring lower extremity revascularization (LER) are at high risk of adverse limb and cardiovascular events. The VOYAGER PAD trial (Vascular Outcomes Study of ASA [Acetylsalicylic Acid] Along With Rivaroxaban in Endovascular or Surgical Limb Revascularization for PAD) demonstrated that rivaroxaban significantly reduced this risk. The efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban has not been described in patients who underwent surgical LER. Methods: The VOYAGER PAD trial randomized patients with peripheral artery disease after surgical and endovascular LER to rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin or matching placebo plus aspirin and followed …
Comprehensive platelet phenotyping supports the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of acute venous thromboembolism - results from clinical observa…
2020
Background: The pathogenesis of arterial and venous thrombosis is in large part interlaced. How much platelet phenotype relates to acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) independent of the underlying cardiovascular profile is presently poorly investigated.Methods: Platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet aggregation in whole blood and platelet rich plasma (PRP), platelet-dependent thrombin generation (TG) and platelet surface activation markers were measured under standardized conditions. Machine learning was applied to identify the most relevant characteristics associated with VTE from a large array (N = 58) of clinical and plateletrelated variables.Findings: VTE cases (N = 159)…
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in the treatment of coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis
2019
Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are widely used for prevention of systemic thromboembolism, including the reduction of the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and prosthetic heart valves. There is also an increasing population of patients who require not only OACs, but also double antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). A typical example is a patient with AF and stable coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndrome (ACS), treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. In recent years, with the introduction of NOACs, triple or dual therapy has become safer. Regardless of these indications for the use of NOACs, rivaroxaban at a reduced dose has proved to efficiently reduce the risk o…
Aspirin and COX-2 Inhibitor Nimesulide Potentiate Adrenergic Contractions of Human Gastroepiploic Artery
2007
Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intervention of COX-1- and COX-2-derived prostaglandins in the responses of human gastroepiploic artery to sympathetic stimulation and norepinephrine. Methods Rings of human gastroepiploic artery were obtained from 45 patients (26 men and 19 women) undergoing gastrectomy. The rings were suspended in organ baths for isometric recording of tension. We studied the responses to electrical field stimulation, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine, in the absence and presence of COX-1 or COX-2 inhibition. Results The COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor aspirin at high concentrations (10 −6 to 10 −5 mol/L) and the COX-2 inhibitor nimesulide (10 −6 mol/L…
Hereditary Angioedema with Normal C1 Inhibitor Activity Including Hereditary Angioedema with Coagulation Factor XII Gene Mutations
2006
Recurrent angioedema of the skin is a commonly diagnosed clinical symptom that can be found in various clinical entities [1,2]. Some types of angioedema of the skin are associated with episodes of upper airway obstruction that may be life threatening. Death by asphyxiation from laryngeal edema is well known in hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1 inhibitor deficiency [3,4] and in recurrent angioedema induced by angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors [5–9]. Therefore, it is important to determine the exact type of angioedema in each patient. In many patients angioedema is associated with urticaria. If relapsing urticaria occurs simultaneously or alternately with angioedema, both cond…
iNOS-derived nitric oxide mediates the increase in TFF2 expression associated with gastric damage: role of HIF-1.
2009
Trefoil (TFF) peptides are involved in gastrointestinal mucosal restitution. An hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)-dependent induction of TFF genes has been reported in gastric epithelial cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with mucosal damage and modulates HIF-1 activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of iNOS-derived NO in HIF-1alpha stabilization and TFF gene expression in damaged gastric mucosa. Aspirin caused gastric injury that peaked 6 h after dosing and returned to normality at 24 h. iNOS mRNA expression occurs in the corpus in parallel with damage. Blockade of iNOS activity did not modify gastric lesions induced by aspirin but delayed mucosal healing. Aspir…