Search results for "ASTER"
showing 10 items of 2223 documents
Mantle-derived fluids discharged at the Bradanic foredeep/Apulian foreland boundary: The Maschito geothermal gas emissions (southern Italy)
2014
Abstract The mephitis of Maschito, known since historical times as Lago Fetente (Smelly Lake) -although the lake is now dry-, is located 20 km from the Mt. Vulture volcanic edifice (Southern Italy). It is placed along the same regional tectonic discontinuity where some maars are located, close to the boundary between the foredeep and the Apulian foreland. About 300 m2 of surface is lacking in flora, while dead animals are frequently found all around it. The smelly exhalations are mainly composed of CO2 (∼98%), and, in lesser amounts, of H2S, N2, CH4 and other hydrocarbons. He, Ne and Ar occur in trace amounts. The CO2 isotopic composition is in the range of that of the main active Italian v…
Recent advances in ground-based ultraviolet remote sensing of volcanic SO2 fluxes
2011
Measurements of volcanic SO2 emission rates have been the mainstay of remote-sensing volcanic gas geochemistry for almost four decades, and they have contributed significantly to our understanding of volcanic systems and their impact upon the atmosphere. The last ten years have brought step-change improvements in the instrumentation applied to these observations, which began with the application of miniature ultraviolet spectrometers that were deployed in scanning and traverse configurations, with differential optical absorption spectroscopy evaluation routines. This study catalogs the more recent empirical developments, including: ultraviolet cameras; wide-angle field-of-view differential …
Unmanned aerial vehicle measurements of volcanic carbon dioxide fluxes
2008
[i] We report the first measurements of volcanic gases with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The data were collected at La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Italy, during April 2007, with a helicopter UAV of 3 kg payload, carrying an ultraviolet spectrometer for remotely sensing the SO 2 flux (8.5 Mg d- 1 ), and an infrared spectrometer, and electrochemical sensor assembly for measuring the plume CO 2 /SO 2 ratio; by multiplying these data we compute a CO 2 flux of 170 Mg d -1 . Given the deeper exsolution of carbon dioxide from magma, and its lower solubility in hydro-thermal systems, relative to SO 2 , the ability to remotely measure CO 2 fluxes is significant, with promise to provide more profound…
Gas hazard assessment at the Monticchio crater lakes of Mt. Vulture, a volcano in Southern Italy
2009
Geochemical investigations have shown that there is a considerable inflow of gas into both crater lakes of Monticchio, Southern Italy. These lakes are located in two maars that formed 140 000 years ago during Mt. Vulture volcanos last eruptive activity. Isotopic analyses suggest that CO2 and helium are of magmatic origin; the latter displays 3 He ⁄ 4 He isotope ratios similar to those measured in olivines of the maar ejecta. In spite of the fact that the amount of dissolved gases in the water is less than that found in Lake Nyos (Cameroon), both the results obtained and the historical reports studied indicate that these crater lakes could be highly hazardous sites, even though they are loca…
First multi-GAS based characterisation of the Boiling Lake volcanic gas (Dominica, Lesser Antilles)
2013
We used a Multi-component Gas Analyser System (Multi-GAS) to measure, for the very first time, the composition (H2O, CO2, H2S, SO2) of the volcanic gas plume issuing from the Boiling Lake, a vigorously degassing, hot (T ~ 80-90°C) volcanic lake in Dominica, West Indies. The Multi-GAS captured in-plume concentrations of H2O, CO2 and H2S were well above those typical of ambient atmosphere, while no volcanic SO2 was detected (<0.05 ppm). These were used to derive the Boiling Lake plume characteristic ratios of CO2/H2S (5.2±0.4) and H2O/CO2 (31.4±6). Assuming that other volcanic gas species (e.g., HCl, CO, H2, N2, etc.) are absent in the plume, we recalculated a (air-free) composition fo…
. New ground-based lidar enables volcanic CO2 flux measurements
2015
AbstractThere have been substantial advances in the ability to monitor the activity of hazardous volcanoes in recent decades. However, obtaining early warning of eruptions remains challenging, because the patterns and consequences of volcanic unrests are both complex and nonlinear. Measuring volcanic gases has long been a key aspect of volcano monitoring since these mobile fluids should reach the surface long before the magma. There has been considerable progress in methods for remote and in-situ gas sensing, but measuring the flux of volcanic CO2—the most reliable gas precursor to an eruption—has remained a challenge. Here we report on the first direct quantitative measurements of the volc…
Vecchi monasteri in cerca di nuove destinazioni
2013
L'articolo tratta delle strategie di riuso del patrimonio dismesso degli ex-monasteri religiosi a Palermo
Kryzys małżeństwa i rodziny wyzwaniem dla duszpasterstwa dorosłych
2019
W obecnej dobie daje się zauważyć istniejący kryzys małżeństwa i rodziny opartej na chrześcijańskich fundamentach. Coraz mniej osób wierzy w Boga i chce zawrzeć sakramentalne małżeństwo jako związek, który jest jeden, nierozerwalny i zawarty między mężczyzną i kobietą. Chrystus jednak wciąż wzywa swój Kościół, aby niezachwianie stał na straży prawdy o małżeństwie i rodzinie oraz bronił jej jako najwyższej wartości. Ma się to dokonywać w duszpasterstwie osób dorosłych, którzy poprzez pastoralną troskę wspólnoty eklezjalnej mają się stawać bardziej świadomi odpowiedzialności za podjęte powołanie i dojrzalsi w wierze, którą wyznają. Kryzys, przeżyty z wiarą oraz będący nauką i prowadzący do wy…
Filmowe wyobrażenia klasztoru: realizm, magia, pragnienia
2016
Monasteries of various religious and spiritual traditions are an interesting subject of numerous films: among them there are portraits of authentic communities (Die grosse Stille, 2004), films on historic characters (Francesco, giullare di Dio, 1948), dramas (Philomena, 2013), horrors (Devils, 1971), comedies (Sister Act, 1992), even erotic films. The paper analyzes three chosen films: Des Hommes et des Dieux (2010), Jasminum (2006) and Ostrov (2006). Their directors present different approaches to the religious communities on the screen: while the French film is an attentive, almost documentary reconstruction of the last months of the Thibirine monks, Jasminum is a fantasy, where the relig…
Reproduction of Baltic cod, Gadus morhua (Actinopterygii: Gadiformes: Gadidae), in the Gotland Basin: Causes of annual variability
2015
Background. The Gotland Basin spawning ground is one of three main spawning areas of Baltic cod, Gadus morhua Linnaeus, 1758. The threshold water parameters for cod development are the salinity exceeding 11‰ and the oxygen level above 2 mL· L–1. Such conditions are only present when the 11‰ isohaline is above the 2 mL· L–1 isooxygen. In such situation the water volume between the isolines is called the “suitable reproduction volume”. When the position of the isolines is reversed, the salinity and the oxygen level of the water layer demarcated by them are below the required thresholds and as such the water is unsuitable for the cod development. We refer to it as the “unsuitable reproduction …