Search results for "ASTHMA"
showing 10 items of 860 documents
Airway inflammation in nonasthmatic amateur runners
2001
Elite athletes show a high prevalence of symptoms and signs of asthma, but no study has assessed the acute effects of endurance exercise on airway cells in nonasthmatic athletes. We measured exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and collected samples of induced sputum after 3% NaCl aerosol administration for 20 min in nonasthmatic middle-aged amateur runners after the Fourth Palermo International Marathon and 6–9 wk later (habitual training period) at baseline. After the marathon, exhaled NO ( n = 9 subjects) was higher [27 ± 9 parts/billion (ppb)] than at baseline (12 ± 4 ppb; P < 0.0005). Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) counts in induced sputum were much higher in runners (91.2 ± 3.6% of total…
Airway remodelling assessed by sputum and high resolution computed tomography in asthma and COPD
2004
It is not known whether sputum elastase, metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue-inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 are related to structural changes of the airways, as assessed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan. The relationships between these markers and the magnitude of structural changes of the airways in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were assessed. Induced sputum and HRCT scan were performed in 30 asthmatics (14 mild and 16 severe) and in 12 patients with COPD. A greater extent of HRCT scan abnormalities was found in COPD than in severe and mild asthmatics. HRCT scan abnormalities correlated with the degree of airway obstruction in COPD and in …
Detection of lung cancer in exhaled breath with an electronic nose using support vector machine analysis
2017
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies and has a low 5-year survival rate. There are no cheap, simple and widely available screening methods for the early diagnostics of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to determine whether analysis of exhaled breath with an artificial olfactory sensor using support vector analysis can differentiate patients with lung cancer from healthy individuals and patients with other lung diseases, regardless of the stage of lung cancer and the most common comorbidities. Patients with histologically or cytologically verified lung cancer, healthy volunteers and patients with other lung diseases (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthm…
Prospective evaluation of current asthma control using ACQ and ACT compared with GINA criteria
2011
Background The goal of asthma treatment is to achieve and maintain current best control and reduce future risk of exacerbations and long-term morbidity. Objective To prospectively compare current asthma control as defined by ACQ (asthma control questionnaire) and ACT (asthma control test) criteria with the GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma) classification in treated patients in a real-life setting. Methods In 150 adult patients (48% male, age 46.3 ± 14.4 years., forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV 1 ], 2.3 ± 0.9 L or 78.5 ± 21.8% pred.), asthma control was evaluated using the GINA classification as the "true" and ACQ-7, ACQ-5, and ACT as "predictor" criteria. The relationship between…
Measurement of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide: Comparison of Three Different Analysers
2019
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a surrogate marker for airway inflammation, supporting the diagnostic pathway and treatment decisions for asthma patients. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Aim of this study was to compare the new analyser Vivatmo pro (Bosch, BV) with NIOX VERO (Circassia, CN) and CLD (Ecomedics, EC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 100 asthmatics (median 53 years [range 20–87], 62% female, 86% on inhaled corticosteroids [mean 1,300 μg beclomethasone dipropionate or equivalent], 35% treated with biologics) 2 FeNO measurements per device were performed. Additionally, the success rate…
Serum low density lipoprotein subclasses in asthma
2013
Summary Background The levels of serum low-density lipoproteins (LDL) have been implicated in the inflammatory cascade in a murine model of asthma. Recent findings suggest that LDL may modulate the inflammatory state of the asthmatic airways in humans. Objective We explored whether LDL subclasses are associated with the occurrence and severity of asthma. Methods 24 asthmatics (M/F: 11/13) and 24 healthy individuals, with normal BMI and absence of metabolic syndrome, matched for age and gender. Serum concentrations of LDL subclasses were distributed as seven bands (LDL-1 and -2 defined as large, least pro-inflammatory LDL, and LDL-3 to −7 defined as small, most pro-inflammatory LDL), using t…
Serum lipoproteins are not associated with the severity of asthma
2018
Abstract Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the bronchi with a complicated and largely unknown pathogenesis . In this context, an emerging role is attributed to the apolipoproteins which serve as structural components of plasma lipoproteins . Low density lipoproteins (LDL) may be involved in the inflammatory pathways of the asthmatic airways; in particular, small dense LDL (sdLDL) particles were associated with increased oxidative susceptibility compared to medium and large sized LDL. In our previous study, we found a positive correlation between forced expiratory volume 1 s (FEV 1) % predicted and larger LDL particles (LDL-1), and an inverse correlation between FEV1% p…
Do childhood respiratory infections continue to influence adult respiratory morbidity?
2008
The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of childhood respiratory infections on adult respiratory health. In 1992-1994, the European Community Respiratory Health Survey recruited community based samples of 20-44-yr-old people from 48 centres in 22 countries. Study participants completed questionnaires and underwent lung function testing. On average, 8.9 yrs later, 29 centres re-investigated their samples using similar methods. Mixed effects models comprising an estimate for the random variation between centres were used to evaluate the relevant associations. In total, 9,175 patients participated in both studies, of whom 10.9% reported serious respiratory infections (SRI) be…
Is Health-Related Quality of Life Associated with Upper and Lower Airway Inflammation in Asthmatics?
2013
Background.Allergic diseases impair health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). However, the relationship between airway inflammation and HR-QoL in patients with asthma and rhinitis has not been fully investigated. We explored whether the inflammation of upper and lower airways is associated with HR-QoL.Methods.Twenty-two mild allergic asthmatics with concomitant rhinitis (10 males, 38 ± 17 years) were recruited. The Rhinasthma was used to identify HR-QoL, and the Asthma Control Test (ACT) was used to assess asthma control. Subjects underwent lung function and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) test, collection of exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and nasal wash.Results.The Rhinasthma Global Summary sc…
Controlled and uncontrolled allergic asthma in routine respiratory specialist care – a clinical–epidemiological study in Germany
2011
Studies in the last decade showed high rates of poorly treated and poorly controlled asthma in the community. Extending these findings we describe the more recent situation in specialist respiratory care as the most frequent source of treatment provision using comprehensive clinical and patient assessments and exploring predictors for poor control.This is a German cross-sectional, clinical epidemiological study in a nationally representative stratified treatment prevalence sample of N = 572 outpatients diagnosed with allergic asthma (AA; females 58.2%, aged 47.5 ± 16.3 (16-81 years). Treating physicians completed standardized clinical assessments (lung function, laboratory, clinical finding…