Search results for "ASTRONOMY"

showing 10 items of 11180 documents

Efficient Electrical Spin Splitter Based on Nonrelativistic Collinear Antiferromagnetism

2020

Electrical spin-current generation is among the core phenomena driving the field of spintronics. Using {\em ab initio} calculations we show that a room-temperature metallic collinear antiferromagnet RuO$_2$ allows for highly efficient spin-current generation, arising from anisotropically-split bands with conserved up and down spins along the N\'eel vector axis. The zero net moment antiferromagnet acts as an electrical spin-splitter with a 34$^\circ$ propagation angle between spin-up and spin-down currents. Correspondingly, the spin-conductivity is a factor of three larger than the record value from a survey of 20,000 non-magnetic spin-Hall materials. We propose a versatile spin-splitter-tor…

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceSpinsField (physics)Condensed matter physicsSpintronicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences7. Clean energy3. Good healthAb initio quantum chemistry methodsSplitter0103 physical sciencesMoment (physics)AntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physicsSpin-½Physical Review Letters
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On the maximum efficiency of the propeller mass-ejection mechanism

2007

Aims. We derive simple estimates of the maximum efficiency with which matter can be ejected by the propeller mechanism in disk-fed, rotating magnetic neutron stars. Some binary evolution scenarios envisage that this mechanism is responsible for expelling to infinity the mass inflowing at a low rate from the companion star, therefore limiting the total amount of mass that can be accreted by the neutron star. Methods. We demonstrate that, for typical neutron star parameters, a maximum of ��_{pro} < 5.7 (P_{-3})^{1/3} times more matter than accreted can be expelled through the propeller mechanism at the expenses of the neutron star rotational energy (P_{-3} is the NS spin period in unit of …

PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)PropellerFOS: Physical sciencesOrder (ring theory)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsStar (graph theory)AstrophysicsMagnetic fieldRotational energyNeutron starSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsLow MassAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSpin-½
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A computer-assisted experiment to study the influence of the point spread function in the image formation process

2018

[EN] We present a new open experimental setup assisted with LabView to be used to teach the concept of the point spread function (PSF). The PSF describes the response of an image-forming system to a point object. The PSF concept is of fundamental importance in optics since the output of an image-forming system can be simulated as the convolution of the PSF with the input object. In this work, a new graphical user interface has been developed to obtain a real-time measure of the PSF and the corresponding images provided by different lenses and pupils with different sizes and shapes. From a didactical point of view, the proposed method allows students to interpret the results in a visual and …

PhysicsPoint spread functionImage formation05 social sciencesProcess (computing)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION050301 educationGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010309 opticsImage formationComputer graphics (images)FISICA APLICADA0103 physical sciencesGUIMATEMATICA APLICADA0503 educationPSF
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Unveiling the environment and faint features of the isolated galaxy CIG 96 with deep optical and HI observations

2018

Context. Asymmetries in atomic hydrogen (HI) in galaxies are often caused by the interaction with close companions, making isolated galaxies an ideal framework to study secular evolution. The AMIGA project has demonstrated that isolated galaxies show the lowest level of asymmetry in their HI integrated profiles compared to even field galaxies, yet some present significant asymmetries. CIG 96 (NGC 864) is a representative case reaching a 16% level. Aims. Our aim is to investigate the HI asymmetries of the spiral galaxy CIG 96 and what processes have triggered the star-forming regions observed in the XUV pseudo-ring. Methods. We performed deep optical observations at CAHA1.23m, CAHA2.2m and V…

galaxies: spiralHIERARCHICAL SATELLITE ACCRETIONmedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsI.01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAsymmetryAMIGA SAMPLElaw.inventionTelescopelaw0103 physical scienceskinematics and dynamics [galaxies]DARK-MATTER SUBSTRUCTURESurface brightness010303 astronomy & astrophysicsStellar evolutionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSevolution [galaxies]galaxies: kinematics and dynamicsLOPSIDED SPIRAL GALAXIESmedia_commonindividual: NGC 864 [galaxies]Physicsradio lines: galaxiesSpiral galaxy010308 nuclear & particles physicsgalaxies: individual: NGC864Astronomy and AstrophysicsDISK GALAXIESAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesAccretion (astrophysics)Galaxygalaxies [radio lines]RINGSTIDAL STREAMspiral [galaxies][SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]Space and Planetary ScienceGASAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)structure [galaxies]galaxies: structureDIGITAL SKY SURVEYCirrusGalaxies: Individual: NGC 864galaxies: evolutionAstronomy & astrophysics
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Sudrabaino mākoņu novērojumu žurnāli, 1969: Rīga, Sigulda

1969

Digitalizētie mezosfēras mākoņu 1969. gada RĪGAS (nepilnīgi dati) un SIGULDAS novērojumu žurnāli: novērojumu sezonas naktis, novērotāji, MK identifikācija, meteoroloģiskā situācija, informācija par uzņemtajām fotogrāfijām. --//-- Mesospheric cloud observation data in Riga (uncompleted data) and Sigulda, 1969, digitized observation logs: observation season nights, observers, MC identification, meteorological situation, information about the photos taken.

mesospheric cloudsmezosfēras mākoņinoctilucent clouds:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics::Astronomy and astrophysics::Astronomy [Research Subject Categories]sudrabainie mākoņiobservation data
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Astronomia e astrologia nella Tarda Antichità: il caso di Ipazia

2010

In the year dedicated to astronomy, the contribution is a tribute to Hypatia, the first woman scientist and symbol of love for truth, reason and science, who was born and lived in Alexandria in Egypt in the late 4th and early 5th century. The figure and the historical and cultural context in which the first woman scientist lived her life in its practical, scientific and political aspects is reconstructed through the works of Synesius, a student of Hypatia and future bishop of Ptolemais.

astronomyHypatiaPtolemaisSinesiuSettore L-ANT/03 - Storia RomanaEgyptAlexandria
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Astronomical Activities with Disabled People

2010

With this contribution we would like to share our experiences in organizing astronomical activities addressed to people with disabilities. The goal is twofold: we would like to invite all those with similar experiences to contribute to the compilation of a document to guide other astronomers who might be interested in carrying out these kind of activities aimed at groups of people with special needs. We also want to persuade public outreach officers that working with disabled people is not as difficult as it may seem at first, as long as they are provided with adequate educational material and guidelines about how to do it. The final goal is to build a repository that can be used by educato…

OutreachSocial groupMedical educationUniversal designInternational Year of AstronomyPedagogyDisabled peopleSpecial needs
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Optimum design for work-hardening adaptation

1977

Abstract The finite element-linear programming approach and the work-hardening adaptation criterion are used to formulate a general theory of optimum design of rigid-work-hardening structures subjected to loads which vary statically within given limits. Self-weight, as well as some technological constraints, can be introduced into the framework of the optimization problem. The optimality conditions are discussed with the aid of geometrical descriptions as well, and a comparison is made with the standard limit design. Numerical applications are given for a plane truss and a plane frame with axial force-bending moment interaction.

EngineeringMathematical optimizationOptimization problemPlane (geometry)business.industryMechanical EngineeringFrame (networking)Computational MechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyTrussWork hardeningComputer Science ApplicationsMoment (mathematics)Mechanics of MaterialsLimit (mathematics)businessAdaptation (computer science)Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering
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MOCVD growth of CdO very thin films: Problems and ways of solution

2016

Abstract In this paper the growth of CdO by the MOCVD technique at atmospheric pressure has been studied in order to achieve very thin films of this material on r-sapphire substrates. The growth evolution of these films was discussed and the existence of a threshold thickness, below which island-shaped structures appear, was demonstrated. Some alternatives to reduce this threshold thickness have been proposed in the frame of the analysis of the crystal growth process. The morphology and structural properties of the films were analyzed by means of SEM and HRXRD. High-quality flat CdO samples were achieved with thicknesses up to 20 nm, which is five times thinner than the values previously re…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceAtmospheric pressureGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologyCrystal growth02 engineering and technologySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSurfaces Coatings and Films0103 physical sciencesMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyThin filmComposite material0210 nano-technologyApplied Surface Science
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Synthesis and polymerization of active ester monomers based on 4-vinylbenzoic acid

2007

Abstract Nine active ester monomers based on 4-vinylbenzoic acid have been synthesized. Under free radical polymerization conditions these monomers could successfully be polymerized yielding reactive polymers with molecular weights of around M n  = 20.000–50.000 g/mol and molecular weight distributions M w / M n of around or below 2 in good yields. Polymer analogous reactions with amines have been investigated by time-resolved FT-IR spectroscopy and it was found that especially poly(pentafluorophenyl 4-vinylbenzoate) featured a significant reactivity, such that polymer analogous reactions proceeded quantitatively with amines within less than 5 min at 0 °C.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryRadical polymerizationGeneral Physics and AstronomyChemical modificationPolymerRing-opening polymerizationchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryPolymerizationPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryReactivity (chemistry)Functional polymersEuropean Polymer Journal
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