Search results for "ATHEROSCLEROSIS"

Role of TLR Polymorphisms in Aging and Age-Related Diseases

2017

Innate immunity provides the first line of host defense against infection by recognizing and killing microbes, and simultaneously activating an instructive immune response. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are principal mediators of rapid microbial recognition, and they mainly function by detecting exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Recognition of their ligands actives signaling ways, which culminate in evocating acute host responses, involved in killing pathogens. Here, we describe the involvement of TLR4 polymorphisms in aging, and particularly in immunosenescence and age-related diseases, suggesting the crucial role of molecules of innate immunity in the pathophysiology of these…

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte integrin profile in vascular atherosclerotic disease

2004

Leukocyte-endothelial interactions could have a pathogenic role in atherogenesis. Adhesion molecules expressed by endothelial cells, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), interact with leukocyte integrins mediating the firm adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium which is followed by their transendothelial migration. The aim of our research was to evaluate polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) integrin expression, at baseline and after activation, in a group of subjects with chronic vascular atherosclerotic disease (VAD). In 27 subjects with VAD we examined, at baseline and after in vitro activation with 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the PMN integrin pattern (CD11a, CD11b…

The GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Attenuates Atherosclerotic Lesion Development and Potentially Enhances Plaque Stability in an ApoE–/–Mouse Mod…

2013

eNOS Activation by HDL Is Impaired in Genetic CETP Deficiency.

2014

Mutations in the CETP gene resulting in defective CETP activity have been shown to cause remarkable elevations of plasma HDL-C levels, with the accumulation in plasma of large, buoyant HDL particles enriched in apolipoprotein E. Genetic CETP deficiency thus represents a unique tool to evaluate how structural alterations of HDL impact on HDL atheroprotective functions. Aim of the present study was to assess the ability of HDL obtained from CETP-deficient subjects to protect endothelial cells from the development of endothelial dysfunction. HDL isolated from one homozygous and seven heterozygous carriers of CETP null mutations were evaluated for their ability to down-regulate cytokine-induced…

Appropriateness criteria for the management of lipid-lowering therapy with alirocumab in high cardiovascular risk patients. The opinion of a multidis…

2020

High levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) represent a causal factor for cardiovascular diseases on an atherosclerotic basis, with a direct correlation between these and mortality or cardiovascular events, such that the reduction of both is associated proportionally and linearly with the reduction of LDL-C.Statins and ezetimibe are used for LDL-C lowering but may not be sufficient to achieve the targets defined by the ESC/EAS guidelines, which recommend use of PCSK9 inhibitors for further LDL-C reduction in patients not at goal.This project submitted 86 clinical scenarios to a group of experts, cardiologists, internists and lipidologists, collecting their opinion on the appropriateness of diffe…

Effects of Physical Exercise on Inflammatory Markers of Atherosclerosis

2011

It is well established that physically fit individuals have a reduced risk of developing CVD (cardiovascular disease) and other age-related chronic disorders. Regular exercise is an established therapeutic intervention with an enormous range of benefits. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation may be involved in atherosclerosis, diabetes and in pathogenesis of several chronic pathological conditions; recent findings confirm that physical activity induces an increase in the systemic levels of a number of cytokines and chemokines with anti-inflammatory properties. The possibility that regular physical exercise exerts anti-inflammation activity, being the interaction between contracting muscle…

Platelet count and MPV as predictive markers of atherosclerosis in familial Mediterranean fever

2017

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an auto inflammatory syndrome, characterized by recurrent febrile episodes, arthritis, oral aphthous stomatitis, rash, serositis, abdominal and thoracic pain. Longterm outcome is conventionally linked to the severity of the recurrent attacks and to the risk of systemic amyloidosis. However recent studies highlighted the role of chronic inflammatory diseases in the insurance of atherosclerosis. Risk factors for atherosclerosis are also recently identified in a higher medium platelet volume (MPV).

The clinical relevance of low-density-lipoproteins size modulation by statins.

2006

The predominance of small, dense low density lipoproteins (LDL) has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III; in fact, LDL size seems to be an important predictor of cardiovascular events and progression of coronary heart disease. Several studies have also shown that the therapeutical modulation of LDL size is of great benefit in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. Hypolipidemic treatment is able to alter LDL subclass distribution and statins are currently the most widely used lipid-lowering agents. Statins are potent inhibitors of hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, the rate-limiting en…

Hepatitis C virus and cardiovascular: A review

2017

Graphical abstract

How to manage patients with polyvascular atherosclerotic disease. Position paper of the International Union of Angiology

2020

Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease affecting multiple arterial territories. Patients with clinical atherosclerotic disease in one vascular bed are likely to have asymptomatic or symptomatic atherosclerotic lesions in other vascular beds. Specifically, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) often coexists with coronary and carotid disease. With progression of atherosclerotic disease in one vascular bed, the risk of clinical manifestations in other territories increases and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events increases substantially with the number of affected vascular beds. Classical risk factors are associated with the development of polyvascular atherosclerotic disease (PVD) in di…