Search results for "Absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Production of nanometer-size GaAs nanocristals by nanosecond laser ablation in liquid.

2012

This paper reports the formation and characterization of spherical GaAs quantum dots obtained by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation in a liquid (ethanol or methanol). The produced bare GaAs nanoparticles demonstrate rather narrow size distribution which depends on the applied laser power density (from 4.25 to 13.9 J/cm 2 in our experiments) and is as low as 2.5 nm for the highest power used. The absolute value of the average diameter also decreases significantly, from 13.7 to 8.7 nm, as the laser power increases in this interval. Due to the narrow nanoparticle size dispersion achieved at the highest laser powers two absorption band edges are clearly distinguishable at about 1.72 and 3.15 eV w…

Potential wellMaterials sciencebusiness.industryBiomedical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryNanoparticleBioengineeringGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserNanocrystalline materiallaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceQuantum dotAbsorption bandlawOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials ScienceLaser power scalingbusinessHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyJournal of nanoscience and nanotechnology
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Size dependent light absorption modulation and enhanced carrier transport in germanium quantum dots devices

2015

Quantum confinement in closely packed arrays of Ge quantum dots (QDs) was studied for energy applications. In this work, we report an efficient tuning mechanism of the light harvesting and detection of Ge QDs. Thin films of SiGeO alloys, produced by rf-magnetron sputtering, were annealed at 600 degrees C in N-2 to induce precipitation of small amorphous Ge QDs into the oxide matrix. Varying the Ge content, the QD size was tailored between 2 and 4 nm, as measured by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicate the formation of pure SiO2, as well as the presence of a sub-stoichiometric Ge oxide shell at the QD interface. Light …

Precipitation (chemical)Materials scienceAmorphous alloyBand gapchemistry.chemical_elementHigh resolution transmission electron microscopyPhotoconductive gainGermaniumNanocrystalMetal-insulator semiconductor deviceSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaAbsorption spectroscopyQuantum confinement effectQuantum confinementElectromagnetic wave absorptionLight absorptionThin filmGermanium oxideOxide filmHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyGermanium quantum dotPotential wellMIS deviceAmorphous filmGermaniumQuantum dotsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotoconductivitySolar cellPreferential trappingMIM deviceSemiconductor deviceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotovoltaicschemistryMetal insulator boundarieQuantum dotrf-Magnetron sputtering Semiconductor quantum dotOptoelectronicsCharge carrierX ray photoelectron spectroscopy Effective mass approximationbusinessQuantum chemistryPhotovoltaicMagnetron sputteringSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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Optimization of the gravimetric determination method of nickel as dimethylglyoximate for nickel raw materials

1999

The method parameters of an almost one century old method for analyzing nickel as dimethylglyoximate were critically examined for the analysis of nickel raw materials and many of the method parameters were observed to have a significant effect on the Ni recovery. Thus, because the Ni precipitation method parameters vary a lot in analytical literature and also in practice, the obtained Ni results by different methods are not comparable. During this study it was found that the double precipitation worked out perfectly in eliminating the effects of impurity elements. The residual Ni content in the filtrates should also be measured to obtain accurate and precise Ni results. In complexing the im…

Precipitation (chemistry)Inorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyRaw materialBiochemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundNickelDimethylglyoximechemistryImpuritylawTartaric acidGravimetric analysisAtomic absorption spectroscopyFresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry
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Analysis of toxic elements in plastic components for toys. Multi-elemental determination by x-ray fluorescence

1993

Abstract An x-ray fluorescence method is proposed for the multi-elemental determination of toxic elements in plastic articles for children, viz., Sb(III), Ba, Cd, Cr(III), Hg, Pb and As(III). Mineralization is achieved by using molten sodium hydroxide to decompose the organic matrix, with sodium nitrate as auxiliary oxidant. Stable solutions containing the chemical species for analysis are obtained. The species are separated from the solution by (co)precipitation, in a medium of NH+4-NH3 buffer (pH 8.5) with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, sodium rhodizonate and Fe3+, which acts as a carrier. The precipitates deposited on filter-paper are placed in the x-ray spectrometer in fine layer morpho…

Precipitation (chemistry)SodiumInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistryX-ray fluorescencechemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySodium nitratelawSodium hydroxideEnvironmental ChemistrySample preparationAtomic absorption spectroscopySpectroscopySodium diethyldithiocarbamateAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Synthesis of fluorinated first generation starburst molecules containing a triethanolamine core and 1,2,4-oxadiazoles

2006

Abstract 5-Pentafluorophenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, differently substituted at C(3), have been synthesized and used to functionalize the aliphatic primary hydroxyl functionalities of triethanolamine, under mild conditions. UV–visible absorption and emission spectra are reported, for both tri- and difunctionalised molecules, showing their potential applications as light-emitters in optoelectronic devices.

Primary (chemistry)PL spectraChemistryPl spectraOrganic Chemistry124-oxadiazolestarburst moleculeBiochemistryFirst generationfluoroarylationInorganic ChemistryTriethanolaminePolymer chemistrymedicineEnvironmental ChemistryMoleculeEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)medicine.drug
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PRENATAL IDENTIFICATION OF A HETEROZYGOUS STATUS IN TWO FETUSES AT RISK FOR GLUCOSE–GALACTOSE MALABSORPTION

1996

Glucose-galactose malabsorption (GGM) is an autosomal recessive disorder which presents with severe osmotic diarrhoea shortly after birth. Two proband siblings with GGM were previously demonstrated to contain a missense mutation (D28N) in the Na + -dependent glucose/galactose cotransporter (SGLTI) that accounts for the defect in sugar absorption. Prenatal screening for GGM was performed in two subsequent pregnancies in this large consanguineous family. The first exon of the SGLTI gene was PCR-amplified from genomic DNA and screened for the presence of the D28N mutation by EcoRV restriction digestion. The proband's sibling was heterozygous and a cousin was not a carrier of the D28N mutation.…

Probandmedicine.medical_specialtyFetusMalabsorptionmedicine.diagnostic_testObstetrics and GynecologyBiologymedicine.diseaseExonEndocrinologyGlucose-galactose malabsorptionInternal medicinemedicineAmniocentesisMissense mutationAlleleGenetics (clinical)Prenatal Diagnosis
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Absorption of Structural Funds – International Comparisons and Correlations

2013

Abstract Structural Funds represent one of the main instruments which The European Union uses to sustain regional development and to eliminate disparities between members. Specialized literature is relatively poor when it comes to approaching this subject. In the period 2002-2006, several papers were written, which identified the absorption process's influence factors, but all these materials represented ex-ante analysis, the empirical testing of theories being virtually impossible. The present paper, based on available statistical data related to the absorption process, aims at testing these factors, trying to elucidate the great differences obtained by the EU members within Central and Ea…

Process (engineering)International comparisonsGeneral EngineeringEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyAbsorption (psychology)Empirical researchEconomyRegional developmentEconomicsRegional sciencemedia_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean UnionEuropean unionstructural fundsabsorptionmedia_commonProcedia Economics and Finance
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In vitro models for the prediction of in vivo performance of oral dosage forms: Recent progress from partnership through the IMI OrBiTo collaboration

2019

The availability of in vitro tools that are constructed on the basis of a detailed knowledge of key aspects of gastrointestinal (GI) physiology and their impact on formulation performance and subsequent drug release behaviour is fundamental to the success and efficiency of oral drug product development. Over the last six years, the development and optimization of improved, biorelevant in vitro tools has been a cornerstone of the IMI OrBiTo (Oral Biopharmaceutics Tools) project. By bringing together key industry and academic partners, and by linking tool development and optimization to human studies to understand behaviour at the formulation/GI tract interface, the collaboration has enabled …

Process managementUPPER GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACTAdministration OralPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyWATER DIFFUSIVITYModels Biological030226 pharmacology & pharmacyDosage formBiopharmaceutics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDISINTEGRATION TESTERHumansPharmacology & PharmacyWEAK BASESIntersectoral CollaborationBiologyTEST DEVICEDosage FormsALBENDAZOLE CONCENTRATIONSScience & TechnologyHuman studiesbusiness.industryBiopharmaceuticsFED STATE CONDITIONSGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRELEASE TABLETSGastrointestinal TractPharmaceutical PreparationsGastrointestinal AbsorptionGeneral partnershipSOLID DISPERSIONNew product developmentDrug releaseIntersectoral Collaboration0210 nano-technologybusinessLife Sciences & BiomedicineUPPER SMALL-INTESTINEOral retinoidForecastingBiotechnology
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Immunological analyses of human papillomavirus capsids

2001

Recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine candidates for controlling anogenital HPV disease. Questions remain, however, concerning the extent of capsid antigenic similarity between closely related virus genotypes. To investigate this issue, we produced VLPs and corresponding polyclonal immune sera from several anogenital HPV types, and examined these reagents in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and in cross-neutralization studies. Despite varying degrees of L1 genetic sequence relatedness, VLPs of each type examined induced high-titer serum polyclonal antibody responses that were entirely genotype-specific. In an in vitro infectivity…

Protein DenaturationGenotypeProtein ConformationvirusesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayVaccinia virusCross ReactionsBiologyAntibodies ViralRecombinant virusEpitopeVirusAbsorptionEpitopesCapsidVirus-like particleAntibody SpecificityNeutralization TestsAntigenic variationHumansSerotypingAntigens ViralPapillomaviridaeAntiserumVaccines SyntheticGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyImmune SeraViral VaccinePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAntibodies Monoclonalvirus diseasesViral VaccinesVirologyInfectious DiseasesCapsidMolecular MedicineVaccine
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Thermal aggregation of beta-lactoglobulin in presence of metal ions.

2007

In this work, we report a study of the effects of zinc and copper ions on the heat-induced aggregation of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG). Kinetics investigations on aggregates growth by light scattering measurements and on secondary structure changes by FTIR absorption measurements show the different role played by the two metals during the whole process. In particular, the presence of zinc in solution promotes the formation of aggregates of BLG at a lower temperature than copper. Then, at fixed temperature, formation of a large amount of aggregates, of large dimension, is observed for Zn-BLG in shorter time; on the contrary, the presence of copper in solution does not affect the aggregation proc…

Protein DenaturationHot TemperatureCations DivalentMetal ions in aqueous solutionKineticsInorganic chemistryBiophysicsBeta-lactoglobulinchemistry.chemical_elementZincLactoglobulinsProtein aggregationBiochemistryProtein Structure SecondaryDivalentSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredAnimalsMetal ionProtein secondary structurechemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryLight scatteringCopperSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)FTIR spectroscopyKineticsZincchemistryChemical engineeringCattleAbsorption (chemistry)Protein aggregationCopperBiophysical chemistry
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