Search results for "Absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Enhanced orbital magnetic moments in the Heusler compounds ,,

2004

Abstract Using the magnetic circular dichroism in X-ray absorption at the L2,3-edges of the 3d-transition metals, we determined the element specific ratio between orbital and spin magnetic moment of the Heusler compounds Co 2 CrAl , Co 2 Cr 0.6 Fe 0.4 Al and Co2FeAl. The orbital magnetic moment per spin is large (0.1–0.2) compared to bulk values of Fe and Co metals.

Angular momentumMaterials scienceTransition metalCondensed matter physicsMagnetic momentMagnetic circular dichroismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAbsorption (chemistry)DichroismCondensed Matter PhysicsSpin (physics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpin magnetic momentJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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A preliminary study in Wistar rats with enniatin : A contaminated feed

2014

A 28-day repeated dose preliminary assay, using enniatin A naturally contaminated feed through microbial fermentation by a Fusarium tricinctum strain, was carried out employing two months-old female Wistar rats as in vivo experimental model. In order to simulate a physiological test of a toxic compound naturally produced by fungi, five treated animals were fed during twenty-eight days with fermented feed. As control group, five rats were fed with standard feed. At the 28th day, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis and the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys were removed from each rat for enniatin A detection and quantitation. Digesta were collected from stomach, duode…

Animal feedHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisIleumFood ContaminationBiologyToxicologyCromatografia de líquidsIntestinal absorptionMass SpectrometryJejunumIn vivoDepsipeptidesmedicineAnimalsIntestinal MucosaRats WistarGastrointestinal tractChromatographyStomachModels biològicsAnimal Feedmedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistryIntestinal AbsorptionFermentationDuodenumFemaleChromatography Liquid
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Activation of the alternative pathway of complement: efficient fluid-phase amplification by blockade of the regulatory complement protein β1H through…

1981

Current concepts of activation of the alternative pathway of complement (APC) focus on the central role of an amplification mechanism triggered by C3b which is covalently bound to the surfact of activating substances. Using sulfated polyanions as model substances, an efficient fluid-phase activation of complement is demonstrated in contrast to solid-phase activation. It is shown that particulate high-molecular weight sulfated polyanions are capable of reversible binding the guinea pig and human regulatory protein beta1H. This fixation leads to an extensive activation of C3 and factor B because the regulatory function of beta1H is blocked in the fluid-phase C3b-dependent amplification system…

AnionsChemical PhenomenaComplement Pathway AlternativeGuinea PigsImmunologyBiologyComplement factor BAbsorptionGuinea pigSulfationComplement C3b Inactivator ProteinsAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyComplement ActivationRegulation of gene expressionChemistry PhysicalSulfatesGoatsImmune SeraComplement C3Complement systemCell biologyKineticsBiochemistryCovalent bondComplement Factor HComplement C3bAlternative complement pathwayFunction (biology)European Journal of Immunology
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Dynamics of F-center annihilation in thermochemically reduced MgO single crystals

2001

Optical absorption measurements were used to monitor the thermal annihilation of oxygen vacancies (F-centers) in thermochemically reduced MgO crystals. The annihilation characteristics were sample-dependent and varied strongly with the F-center concentration. Different mechanisms for the destruction of F centers are suggested depending on their concentration.

AnnihilationAbsorption spectroscopyF-Centerbusiness.industryChemistryAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenOpticsThermalMaterials ChemistrybusinessSolid State Communications
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Dimensionless Analysis Of Slurry Photocatalytic Reactors Using Two-Flux And Six-Flux Radiation Absorption-Scattering Models

2007

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) over titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a "green" sustainable process for the treatment and purification of water and wastewater. However,the application of PCO for wastewater treatment on an industrial scale is currently hindered by a lack of simple mathematical models that can be readily applied to reactor design. Current models are either too simplistic or too rigorous to be useful in photocatalytic reactor design, scale-up, and optimization. In this paper a simple mathematical model is presented for slurry, annular, photocatalytic reactors that still retains the essential elements of a rigorous approach while providing simple solutions. The model extends the appli…

AnnularPhotonPlug flowChemistryScatteringSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciFluxLaminar flowGeneral ChemistryMechanicsCatalysisPhotocatalysiRadiation scatteringFluid dynamicsTitanium dioxideThin filmPhysics::Chemical PhysicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Photocatalytic reactorDimensionless quantity
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Optical Switching and Antenna Effect of Dendrimers with an Anthracene Core

2007

Dendrimers 6G(i) (i=1-4) consisting of an anthracene core and Fréchet dendrons which are attached via a CH(2)OCH(2) chain in the 9-position undergo quantitative and completely reversible intramolecular [4pi+4pi] cycloaddition. The process can be monitored by absorption and fluorescence measurements. The Fréchet dendrons act as an energy funnel that collects and focuses the photon energy but does not change the photostationary states, which for both directions are completely on the product side when the separate chromophores are selectively irradiated. The quantum yields of anthracene fluorescence and of singlet energy transfer from the dendrons to the core were studied as a function of dend…

AnthraceneOrganic ChemistryAntenna effectGeneral ChemistryChromophorePhotochemistryFluorescenceCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryIntramolecular forceDendrimerSinglet stateAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Chemistry - A European Journal
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The influence of Sb doping on the local structure and disorder in thermoelectric ZnO:Sb thin films

2023

The experiment at HASYLAB/DESY was performed within the project I-20200161 EC. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01–2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2. This work was carried out in part through the use of the INL Advanced Electron Microscopy, Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility. This work (proposal ID 2018–020-022469) was car…

AntimonyHistoryTechnologyPolymers and PlasticsThin filmsThermoelectricMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysSputtering:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]540X-ray absorptionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMechanics of Materials2021-025-030112ddc:540Materials ChemistryBusiness and International ManagementToF-SIMSDoped zinc oxideddc:600
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Determination of antimony in drinking waters by an inexpensive, reproducible hydride generator for atomic spectroscopy.

1991

A method for determining antimony in drinking waters is described. In order to prevent a substantial error caused by the different oxidation states of antimony, Sb(V) is reduced to Sb(III) with potassium iodide-ascorbic acid. Covalent hydride is generated with a home made device by adding NaBH4. The hydride is then atomized in a flame-heated silica tube and atomic absorption is measured spectrophotometrically. The optimal conditions for this determination are discussed and interference effects are described. Results obtained by determining linearity range (0-200 ng), detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) limits (LOD = 0.347 ng/ml, LOQ = 1.158 ng/ml), precision (instrumental CV 4.08% and me…

Antimonymedicine.diagnostic_testHydridePotassiumSpectrophotometry AtomicAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementReproducibility of ResultsOxidation reductionAtomic spectroscopyHydrogen-Ion Concentrationlaw.inventionKineticschemistryAntimonylawPredictive Value of TestsWater SupplySpectrophotometryCalibrationCalibrationmedicineAtomic absorption spectroscopyOxidation-ReductionFood ScienceDie Nahrung
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Indicaxanthin Dietetics: Past, Present, and Future

2015

The betalamic acid derivatives of betalain pigments (purple-red betacyanins and yellow betaxanthins) are dietary compounds occurring in a few plant foods including beets (Beta vulgaris) and cactus pears (Opuntia spp.). Belonging to betaxanthins, indicaxanthin is rich in yellow cactus pear (Opuntia ficus indica L., Mill). High dietary bioavailability of indicaxanthin in humans, as well as its physicochemical properties, radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities in various experimental models suggest this molecule as a promising nutraceutical agent and open perspectives for its applications. Life-long modulatory activity at the epigenetic level now appears as the new frontier to shed ligh…

Antioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentBiologyBetaxanthinsIntestinal absorptionBioavailabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundNutraceuticalchemistryMembrane activitymedicineBetacyaninsFood scienceIndicaxanthin
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Antibacterial PEGylated Solid Lipid Microparticles for Cosmeceutical Purpose: Formulation, Characterization, and Efficacy Evaluation

2020

The development of efficacious means of delivering antioxidant polyphenols from natural sources for the treatment of skin diseases is of great interest for many cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies. Resveratrol (RSV) and Limonene (LIM) have been shown to possess good anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus infections responsible for many skin disorders, such as acne vulgaris. In this study, solid lipid microparticles are designed as composite vehicles capable of encapsulating a high amount of trans-RSV and enhancing its absorption through the stratum corneum. A microparticulate system based on mixture of PEGylate lipids, long-chain alcohols and LIM is a…

Antioxidanttape-strippingmedicine.medical_treatment02 engineering and technologyResveratrolLabrasolSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generale01 natural scienceslcsh:Technologyporcine earchemistry.chemical_compoundlipid microsphereGeneral Materials ScienceAcnemedia_commonlcsh:QC120-168.851-Hexadecanol021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobialmedicine.anatomical_structure0210 nano-technologyCosmeceuticallcsh:TK1-9971Drugmedia_common.quotation_subjectAbsorption (skin)Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923Articlelipid microspheresmedicineStratum corneumlcsh:Microscopyantimicrobial activityporcine earslcsh:QH201-278.5010405 organic chemistrylcsh:Tmedicine.diseaseCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistry<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 25923lcsh:TA1-2040Settore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoResveratrolsolid lipid microparticlelcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicssolid lipid microparticleslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)LimoneneMaterials
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