Search results for "Absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Advances in Perovskite Solar Cells.

2015

Organolead halide perovskite materials possess a combination of remarkable optoelectronic properties, such as steep optical absorption edge and high absorption coefficients, long charge carrier diffusion lengths and lifetimes. Taken together with the ability for low temperature preparation, also from solution, perovskite-based devices, especially photovoltaic (PV) cells have been studied intensively, with remarkable progress in performance, over the past few years. The combination of high efficiency, low cost and additional (non-PV) applications provides great potential for commercialization. Performance and applications of perovskite solar cells often correlate with their device structures…

FabricationMaterials scienceapplicationsGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyMedicine (miscellaneous)ReviewsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyReview010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)perovskite solar cellsdevice structuresGeneral Materials ScienceHigh absorptionPerovskite (structure)business.industryPhotovoltaic systemEnergy conversion efficiencyGeneral Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAbsorption edgeOptoelectronicsCharge carrier0210 nano-technologybusinessAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
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Development of a saturated absorption spectroscopy setup at IGISOL for characterisation of Fabry-Pérot interferometers

2016

A saturated absorption spectroscopy setup was developed and optimised for the characterisation of a home-built and a commercial Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI). The free spectral range of these FPIs has been determined with reliable statistical and systematic errors. These FPIs will be used for accurate wavelength determination of broad- and narrowband pulsed Ti:sapphire lasers used in resonance ionisation spectroscopy experiments. peerReviewed

Fabry-Pérot interferometerNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAbsorption spectroscopyChemistrybusiness.industrySaturated absorption spectroscopyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010309 opticsrubidiumInterferometryOptics0103 physical sciencesAstronomical interferometerPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Spectroscopybusinesssaturation spectroscopyFabry–Pérot interferometerFree spectral rangeHyperfine Interactions
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Characterization of Locally Excited and Charge-Transfer States of the Anticancer Drug Lapatinib by Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Computational Studies

2020

[EN] Lapatinib (LAP) is an anticancer drug, which is metabolized to theN- and O-dealkylated products (N-LAP andO-LAP, respectively). In view of the photosensitizing potential of related drugs, a complete experimental and theoretical study has been performed on LAP,N-LAP andO-LAP, both in solution and upon complexation with human serum albumin (HSA). In organic solvents, coplanar locally excited (LE) emissive states are generated; they rapidly evolve towards twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) states. By contrast, within HSA only LE states are detected. Accordingly, femtosecond transient absorption reveals a very fast switching (ca. 2 ps) from LE (lambda(max)=550 nm) to ICT states (…

Femtosecond transient absorptionAntineoplastic AgentsSerum Albumin HumanMolecular Dynamics Simulation010402 general chemistryLapatinib01 natural sciencesAnticancer drugsCatalysisFluorescenceQUIMICA ORGANICAComputational chemistrymedicineHumansSpectroscopy010405 organic chemistryChemistryMolecular dynamics simulationsSpectrum AnalysisOrganic Chemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyCharge (physics)LapatinibGeneral Chemistryequipment and suppliesAnticancer drug0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)Excited stateUltrashort pulsehuman activitiesmedicine.drug
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Local structural investigation of hafnia-zirconia polymorphs in powders and thin films by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

2019

Björn Matthey (Fraunhofer IKTS, Dresden) is acknowledged for providing HfO2 and ZrO2 powders on short notice after DESY’s renowned customs office punished us. Parts of this research were carried out at Petra III at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF). The experiments on single Si:HfO2 thin film samples were performed at the CLAESS beamline at ALBA Synchrotron with the collaboration of ALBA staff. We would like to thank Edmund Welter for assistance (in using beamline P65) and DESY for enabling this research for proposal no. 20160591 and for travel support. T.S. acknowledges the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding this work in the frame of the project “Inferox” (project…

Ferroelectrics670Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsAbsorption spectroscopyexafsExtended X-ray absorption fine structure X-ray absorption near edge structure Ferroelectrics Hafnium oxide Zirconium oxide02 engineering and technologydopants01 natural sciencesferroelectric propertieshafnium oxideTetragonal crystal systemformer soviet-unionzirconium oxideddc:6700103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Zirconium oxideX-ray absorption near edge structureThin filmx-ray absorption near edge structureExtended X-ray absorption fine structureHafnium oxideErweiterte Röntgenabsorptionsfeinstruktur Röntgenabsorptionsstruktur in Randnähe Ferroelektrika Hafniumoxid Zirkoniumoxid010302 applied physicsX-ray absorption spectroscopybiologyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureferroelectricsMetals and Alloyshfo2021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHafniabiology.organism_classificationXANESstabilizationdielectricsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsoxygen-ion conductorselectrochemistryextended x-ray absorption fine structureChemical physicsCeramics and Compositesinterface0210 nano-technologyMonoclinic crystal systemActa Materialia
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Dissipative solitons for mode-locked lasers

2012

International audience; Dissipative solitons are localized formations of an electromagnetic field that are balanced through an energy exchange with the environment in presence of nonlinearity, dispersion and/or diffraction. Their growing use in the area of passively mode-locked lasers is remarkable: the concept of a dissipative soliton provides an excellent framework for understanding complex pulse dynamics and stimulates innovative cavity designs. Reciprocally, the field of mode-locked lasers serves as an ideal playground for testing the concept of dissipative solitons and revealing their unusual dynamics. This Review provides basic definitions of dissipative solitons, summarizes their imp…

Field (physics)NORMAL-DISPERSIONOPTICAL SOLITONSBOUND-STATES01 natural sciencesSIMILARITON FIBER LASERlaw.invention010309 opticsDissipative solitonOpticslawFiber laser0103 physical sciencesGINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATION010306 general physicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsCAVITY SOLITONSQuantum opticsPhysicsLOCALIZED STRUCTURESbusiness.industrySaturable absorptionLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSATURABLE-ABSORBERElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiophotonicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsQuantum electrodynamicsDissipative systembusinessTI-SAPPHIRE LASERPULSE ENERGYNature Photonics
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Operational Programmes - Tools to Combat Economic Crisis

2013

Abstract This paper aims to present the state of implementation of operational programs 2007-2013 co-financed with structural instruments, to determine the level of absorption of these funds and the achievement of the strategic objectives set by European and national documents. The purpose of this analysis is to identify weaknesses and strengths that Romania has in this area and how it is likely to increase the success of absorption rate of EU funds. All these aspects are very important, as structural funds are considered an important tool in combating the effects of the financial crisis on the Romanian economy.

FinanceEconomic growthNational Development PlanNational Development Planbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectRomanianGeneral EngineeringEnergy Engineering and Power Technologycohesion policyabsorption rate.language.human_languageAbsorption rateState (polity)Financial crisislanguageBusinessstructural fundsmedia_commonProcedia Economics and Finance
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Absorption of European Funds by Romania

2014

Abstract The European Union provides financial support to all Member States through structural instruments (Structural Funds) and the Fund for Agriculture. Nationally, each Member State has to set up operational programs (SOP) in accordance with European requirements to access the available money. In the current multiannual financial exercise there are 7 SOP, plus the agriculture program. The absorption level of European funds for the current financial period - 2007-2013 - is low for several reasons: lack of strategic vision for programming development, poor quality of projects, excessive bureaucracy, lack of optimization of financial flows etc. For the upcoming 2014-2020 financial programm…

FinanceStrategic planningGovernmentbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyAccountingmultiannual financial yearEuropean projectsthe absorption of European fundsFinancial regulationGeneral partnershipMember stateEconomicsSingle Euro Payments Areamedia_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean unionbusinessstructural instrumentsmedia_commonEuropean debt crisisoperational programsProcedia Economics and Finance
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New antineutrino energy spectra predictions from the summation of beta decay branches of the fission products

2012

In this paper, we study the impact of the inclusion of the recently measured beta decay properties of the $^{102;104;105;106;107}$Tc, $^{105}$Mo, and $^{101}$Nb nuclei in an updated calculation of the antineutrino energy spectra of the four fissible isotopes $^{235, 238}$U, and $^{239,241}$Pu. These actinides are the main contributors to the fission processes in Pressurized Water Reactors. The beta feeding probabilities of the above-mentioned Tc, Mo and Nb isotopes have been found to play a major role in the $\gamma$ component of the decay heat of $^{239}$Pu, solving a large part of the $\gamma$ discrepancy in the 4 to 3000\,s range. They have been measured using the Total Absorption Techni…

FissionFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Double beta decay0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Absorption (logic)Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Decay heat010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsFission productsIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsPandemonium effectBeta decay3. Good healthHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Física nuclear
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Short and Medium Range Order in Se1-xTexGlasses

1997

Complementary XAFS measurements (LURE and NSLS) of Se 1 - x Te x glasses have been carried out on both the Se and Te K-edges at low and room temperatures. Using a multi-shell best fit analysis procedure, we have reconstructed the Se and Te local environment: (i) first shell intrachain nearest neighbors (Se-Se 1 , Se-Te 1 , Te-Se 1 ,and Te-Te 1 ); (ii) second shell intrachain (Se-Se 2 and Se-Te 2 ) and interchain next nearest neighbors (Se⇔Se 3 single scattering in the chains Se-Se 1 -Se 3 and Se-Te 1 -Se 3 ). For the first and second coordination shells we suggest that the intrachain chemical order increases with Te content. On the other hand, we propose a model of random distribution of Se…

Fit/gap analysisExtended X-ray absorption fine structureScatteringChemistryShell (structure)General Physics and AstronomyMineralogy01 natural sciencesMolecular physics3. Good health010305 fluids & plasmasX-ray absorption fine structure[PHYS.HIST]Physics [physics]/Physics archivesMedium range0103 physical sciencesOrder (group theory)Solid solutionLe Journal de Physique IV
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New Acoustic Test Chambers at the University of Palermo

2008

Acoustic test chambers at the University of Palermo have been completed after a design optimization of existent building structures. A unique building houses five reverberation chambers, differently coupled each other in order to achieve a large flexibility on testing procedures, and offices for the staff. Main measurements offered to national and international standards include determination of sound power, sound insulation and sound absorption. Reverberation chambers present peculiar geometries in order to achieve the desidered sound fields. Chambers structure and layout within the whole building, housing all the acoustic facilities, has been designed in order to achieve strong sound insu…

Flexibility (engineering)geographyAbsorption (acoustics)Reverberationgeography.geographical_feature_categorySettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleAcoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceAcousticsSound powerTest (assessment)SoundproofingArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Reverberation room design: theory applications to measurements of sound absorption transmission loss sound powerSound (geography)
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